Effect of additives on the co-electrodeposition of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-free solder composition

TitleEffect of additives on the co-electrodeposition of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-free solder composition
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2010
AuthorsJoseph, S, Phatak, GJ
JournalMaterials Science and Engineering B-Advanced Functional Solid-State Materials
Volume168
Issue1-3
Pagination219-223
Date PublishedAPR
ISSN0921-5107
KeywordsAdditives, Lead-free solders, Sn-Ag-Cu, Solder bumping, Ternary bath
Abstract

We have developed a methane sulfonic acid (MSA) based ternary electrodeposition bath for the deposition of near eutectic Sn-Ag-Cu films aimed at solder bumping applications in electronics. The bath contains thiourea as chelating agent and iso-octyl phenoxy ethanol (OPPE) as surfactant. We added gelatin to this bath and studied its effect on bath stability, microstructure of the deposited films and the film composition. It is found that the bath containing both the additives, viz. OPPE and gelatin, show improved stability up to 8-10 days. Striking improvement in the film microstructure, in terms of the compactness, uniformity and refinement of grains was found when the bath contained these additives. Detailed electrochemical studies with the help of cyclic voltametry and impedance analysis helped in understanding the role played by these additives during deposition. It is confirmed that there is a formation of loosely connected, highly non-uniform passivating film on the cathode surface, which is removed competitively by the depositing metal ions during the deposition. It is also clear that the additives play a role in the formation of such a passivating film. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI10.1016/j.mseb.2010.01.017
Type of Journal (Indian or Foreign)Foreign
Impact Factor (IF)1.560
Divison category: 
Physical and Materials Chemistry