Silk fibroin microparticle scaffold for use in bone void filling: safety and efficacy studies

TitleSilk fibroin microparticle scaffold for use in bone void filling: safety and efficacy studies
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2022
AuthorsDeshpande, R, Shukla, S, Kale, A, Deshmukh, N, Nisal, A, Venugopalan, P
JournalACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
Volume8
Issue3
Pagination1226-1238
Date PublishedMAR
Type of ArticleArticle
ISSN2373-9878
KeywordsBiocompatibility, biological safety, bone void filler, ISO 10993, M-RSF, Serioss, Silk fibroin
Abstract

Silk fibroin (SF) is a natural biocompatible protein polymer extracted from cocoons of silkworm Bombyx mori. SF can be processed into a variety of different forms and shapes that can be used as scaffolds to support bone regeneration. Threedimensional (3D) SF scaffolds have shown promise in bone-void -filling applications. In in vitro studies, it has been demonstrated that a microparticle-based SF (M-RSF) scaffold promotes the differentiation of stem cells into an osteoblastic lineage. The expression of differentiation markers was also significantly higher for M-RSF scaffolds as compared to other SF scaffolds and commercial ceramic scaffolds. In this work, we have evaluated the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of M-RSF scaffolds as per the ISO 10993 guidelines in a Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)-certified facility. The cytotoxicity, immunogenicity, genotoxicity, systemic toxicity, and implantation studies confirmed that the M-RSF scaffold is biocompatible. Further, the performance of the MRSF scaffold to support bone formation was evaluated in in vivo bone implantation studies in a rabbit model. Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) scaffolds were chosen as reference material for this study as they are one of the preferred materials for bone-void -filling applications. M-RSF scaffold implantation sites showed a higher number of osteoblast and osteoclast cells as compared to CaSO4 implantation sites indicating active bone remodeling. The number density of osteocytes was double for M-RSF scaffold implantation sites, and these M-RSF scaffold implantation sites were characterized by enhanced collagen deposition, pointing toward a finer quality of the new bone formed. Moreover, the M-RSF scaffold implantation sites had a negligible incidence of secondary fractures as compared to the CaSO4 implantation sites (similar to 50% sites with secondary fracture), implying a reduction in postsurgical complications. Thus, the study demonstrates that the M-RSF scaffold is nontoxic for bone-void -filling applications and facilitates superior healing of fracture defects as compared to commercial calcium-based bone void fillers.

DOI10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01103
Type of Journal (Indian or Foreign)

Foreign

Impact Factor (IF)

5.395

Divison category: 
Polymer Science & Engineering
Database: 
Web of Science (WoS)

Add new comment