Production of octyl levulinate biolubricant over modified H-ZSM-5: Optimization by response surface methodology
Title | Production of octyl levulinate biolubricant over modified H-ZSM-5: Optimization by response surface methodology |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2014 |
Authors | Nandiwale, KY, Yadava, SK, Bokade, VV |
Journal | Journal of Energy Chemistry |
Volume | 23 |
Issue | 4 |
Pagination | 535-541 |
Date Published | JUL |
ISSN | 2095-4956 |
Keywords | biolubricant, Esterification, H-ZSM-5, levulinic acid, octyl levulinate, Response surface methodology |
Abstract | The present study highlighted the use of modified H-ZSM-5 (Meso-HZ-5) as heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of octyl levulinate biolubricant by catalytic esterification of biomass derived renewable levulinic acid (LA) with n-octanol. The process variables such as catalyst loading (X-1), n-octanol to LA molar ratio (X-2) and reaction temperature (X-3) were optimized through response surface methodology (RSM), using Box-Behnken model. Analysis of variance was performed to determine the adequacy and significance of the quadratic model. The yield of octyl levulinate was obtained to be 99% at optimum process parameters. The developed quadratic model was found to be adequate and statistically accurate with correlation value (R-2) of 0.9971 to predict the yield of octyl levulinate biolubricant. The study was also extended on the validation of theoretical and experimental data, including catalyst reusability. |
DOI | 10.1016/S2095-4956(14)60182-0 |
Type of Journal (Indian or Foreign) | Foreign |
Impact Factor (IF) | 2.49 |