Nickel-catalyzed straightforward and regioselective C-H alkenylation of indoles with alkenyl bromides: scope and mechanistic aspect
| Title | Nickel-catalyzed straightforward and regioselective C-H alkenylation of indoles with alkenyl bromides: scope and mechanistic aspect |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2019 |
| Authors | Jagtap, RA, Vinod, CP, Punji, B |
| Journal | ACS Catalysis |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pagination | 431-441 |
| Date Published | JAN |
| Type of Article | Article |
| ISSN | 2155-5435 |
| Keywords | alkenylation, C-H activation, indoles, Mechanism, Nickel, single-electron transfer |
| Abstract | Nickel-catalyzed regioselective C-H bond alkenylation of indoles and related heteroarenes with alkenyl bromides is accomplished under relatively mild conditions. This method allows the straightforward synthesis of C-2 alkenylated indoles employing an air-stable and well-defined nickel catalyst, (bpy)NiBr2, providing a solution to the limitations associated with hydroindolation and oxidative alkenylation. The reaction conceded the coupling of indole derivatives with various alkenyl bromides, such as aromatic and heteroaromatics, alpha- and beta-substituted as well as exo- and endo-cyclic alkenyl compounds. An extensive mechanistic investigation, including controlled study, reactivity experiments, kinetics and labeling studies, and EPR and XPS analyses, highlights that the alkenylation proceeds through a single-electron transfer process comprising an odd-electron oxidative addition of alkenyl bromide. Furthermore, the alkenylation operates via a probable Ni(I)/Ni(III) pathway involving the rate-limiting C-H nickelation of indole. |
| DOI | 10.1021/acscatal.8b04267 |
| Type of Journal (Indian or Foreign) | Foreign |
| Impact Factor (IF) | 11.384 |
