Nickel-catalyzed straightforward and regioselective C-H alkenylation of indoles with alkenyl bromides: scope and mechanistic aspect

TitleNickel-catalyzed straightforward and regioselective C-H alkenylation of indoles with alkenyl bromides: scope and mechanistic aspect
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2019
AuthorsJagtap, RA, Vinod, CP, Punji, B
JournalACS Catalysis
Volume9
Issue1
Pagination431-441
Date PublishedJAN
Type of ArticleArticle
ISSN2155-5435
Keywordsalkenylation, C-H activation, indoles, Mechanism, Nickel, single-electron transfer
Abstract

Nickel-catalyzed regioselective C-H bond alkenylation of indoles and related heteroarenes with alkenyl bromides is accomplished under relatively mild conditions. This method allows the straightforward synthesis of C-2 alkenylated indoles employing an air-stable and well-defined nickel catalyst, (bpy)NiBr2, providing a solution to the limitations associated with hydroindolation and oxidative alkenylation. The reaction conceded the coupling of indole derivatives with various alkenyl bromides, such as aromatic and heteroaromatics, alpha- and beta-substituted as well as exo- and endo-cyclic alkenyl compounds. An extensive mechanistic investigation, including controlled study, reactivity experiments, kinetics and labeling studies, and EPR and XPS analyses, highlights that the alkenylation proceeds through a single-electron transfer process comprising an odd-electron oxidative addition of alkenyl bromide. Furthermore, the alkenylation operates via a probable Ni(I)/Ni(III) pathway involving the rate-limiting C-H nickelation of indole.

DOI10.1021/acscatal.8b04267
Type of Journal (Indian or Foreign)Foreign
Impact Factor (IF)11.384
Divison category: 
Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry
Chemical Engineering & Process Development

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