The `2R,4R'-2-aryl thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid anilides (ATCAAs) were synthesized using cyanuric chloride (CC) as a clean and substoichiometric acid-amine coupling agent under optimized reaction conditions. The diesterphenol intermediate based mechanism is proposed and supported by spectral characterization of the intermediate. The single crystal X-ray structures of acid substrate (2R,4R)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)thiazolidine-4-carbox ylic acid (3 a) and anilides (R)-tert-butyl 4-(2-fluorophenylcarbamoyl)thiazolidine-3-carboxylate (4 b), (2R,4R)-tert-butyl 2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4-(m-tolylcarbamoyl)thiazolidine-3-carboxylate (6 b) confirmed the formation of chiral anilides. The synthesized library of anilides [(R)-tert-butyl 4-Aryl thiazolidine-3-carboxylate and (2R,4R)-tert-butyl 2-Aryl-4-Aryl thiazolidine-3-carboxylate] 4 a-6 f was screened for their in vitro anti cancer, neuronal and neuroprotective studies. The anilides 4 b, 4 g, 5 d, 5 h, 6 c and 6 f (where the aryl=2-fluorophenylcarbamoyl, 4-chlorophenylcarbamoyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 2,5-dichlorophenylcarbamoyl, 2,6-dichlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenylcarbamoyl respectively)were found to be less cytotoxic towards N2 A, SHSY-5Y neuronal cell lines in their differentiated and undifferentiated forms, and also exhibited dose dependant anti-inflammatory properties for a possible identification towards neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorders.

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