<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganguly, Parthasarathy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desiraju, Gautam R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van der waals and polar intermolecular contact distances: quantifying supramolecular synthons</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemistry-an Asian Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atomic radii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">benzene crystal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engineering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">supramolecular chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Waals radii</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">868-880</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Crystal structures are viewed as being determined by ranges and constraints on interatomic contact distances between neighboring molecules. These distances are considered to arise from environment-dependent atomic sizes, that is, larger sizes for isotropic, van der Waals type contacts and smaller sizes for more-polar, possibly ionic contacts. Although the idea of different, or anisotropic, radii for atoms is not new, we developed a method of obtaining atomic sizes that is based on a theoretical framework. Using different atomic sizes for the same atom in different environments, we were able to rationalize some structural observations and anomalies. For example, benzene with the Pbca structure may be described in terms of two types of C center dot center dot center dot H interactions: a longer contact largely of the van der Waals type, and a shorter, structure-determining type (C delta-center dot center dot center dot H delta+), which we term ``n-polar''. Our approach is illustrated with three examples: 1) the equivalence in crystal packing of fluorobenzene, benzonitrile, pyridine N-oxide, and pyridine/HF 1:1 molecular complex, all of which take the not-so-common tetragonal P4(1)2(1)2 space group and are practically isomorphous; 2) the similarity of the Pa3 acetylene and Pbca benzene crystal structures; and 3) the equivalence between an increase in pressure and an increase in the ``n-polar'' contacts in Pbca benzene; in other words, the equivalence between hydrostatic pressure and chemical pressure. In the context of crystal engineering, we describe a method whereby the topological information conveyed in a supramolecular synthon is recast in a more quantitative manner. A particular synthon, and in turn the crystal structure to which it leads, is viable within small ranges of distances of its constituent atoms, and these distances are determined by chemical factors.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4.14</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ranade, Vivek V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Engineering reactors for catalytic reactions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Chemical Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catalyst</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">effectiveness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">engineering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydrodynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reactors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2, SI</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catalysis Soc India</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">126</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">341-351</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Catalytic reactions are ubiquitous in chemical and allied industries. A homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst which provides an alternative route of reaction with lower activation energy and better control on selectivity can make substantial impact on process viability and economics. Extensive studies have been conducted to establish sound basis for design and engineering of reactors for practising such catalytic reactions and for realizing improvements in reactor performance. In this article, application of recent (and not so recent) developments in engineering reactors for catalytic reactions is discussed. Some examples where performance enhancement was realized by catalyst design, appropriate choice of reactor, better injection and dispersion strategies and recent advances in process intensification/ multifunctional reactors are discussed to illustrate the approach.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21st National Symposium on Catalysis (CATSYMP), CSIR Indian Inst Chem Technol, Hyderabad, INDIA, FEB 11-13, 2013</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Indian&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;1.085&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom4></record></records></xml>