<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sawant, Amol M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vamkudoth, Koteswara Rao</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biosynthetic process and strain improvement approaches for industrial penicillin production</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biotechnology Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">beta-lactam antibiotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Classical strain improvement (CSI)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic engineering</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penicillin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penicillium chrysogenum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEB</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179-192</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Penicillins and cephalosporins are the most important class of beta (beta) lactam antibiotics, accounting for 65% total antibiotic market. Penicillins are produced by Penicillium rubens (popularly known as P. chrysogenum) were used to synthesize the active pharmaceutical intermediate (API), 6-aminopenicillinic acid (6-APA) employed in semisynthetic antibiotic production. The wild strains produce a negligible amount of penicillin (Pen). High antibiotic titre-producing P. chrysogenum strains are necessitating for industrial Pen production to meet global demand at lower prices. Classical strain improvement (CSI) approaches such as random mutagenesis, medium engineering, and fermentation are the cornerstones for high-titer Pen production. Since, Sir Alexander Fleming Discovery of Pen, great efforts are expanded to develop at a commercial scale antibiotics producing strains. Breakthroughs in genetic engineering, heterologous expression and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools opened a new window for Pen production at a commercial scale to assure health crisis. The current state of knowledge, limitations of CSI and genetic engineering approaches to Pen production are discussed in this review.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Foreign&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	2.461&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sawant, Amol Muralidhar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vamkudoth, Koteswara Rao</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive investigation on statistical approaches and classical strain improvement for penicillin V production by Penicillium rubens BIONCL P45 strain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Box-Behnken design</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Classical strain improvement (CSI)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Media optimization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penicillin V</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penicillium rubens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response surface methodology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JAN</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1302 -1327</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Calibri, airal; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);&quot;&gt;Media engineering and strain improvement are critical aspects of microbial biotechnology playing a vital role in enhancing microbial productivity, and ensuring cost-effective bioprocessing. In this investigation, we optimized the various medium components, nutritional condition, and fermentation parameters for the industrial production of phenoxymethylpenicillin or penicillin V (PenV). We have isolated, characterized&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Calibri, airal; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);&quot;&gt;Penicillium rubens&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Calibri, airal; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;BIONCL P45 strain which initially produced 100&amp;nbsp;mg/L of PenV. Further, optimization using production medium 4 (PM4) comprising lactose, corn steep solids, sodium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and phenoxy acetic acid lead to a significant increase in production, reaching 430&amp;nbsp;mg/L. Further improvements through response surface methodology (RSM) predicted a production of 646&amp;nbsp;mg/L, which was experimentally validated at 685&amp;nbsp;mg/L. Subsequently, mutagenesis studies using UV (ultraviolet) exposure resulted in the UV-65 mutant, which demonstrated a superior performance, achieving 934&amp;nbsp;mg/L, surpassing the parental strain. ​These combined strategies lead to a tenfold increase in PenV titer, highlighting their effectiveness in bioprocess development and industrial-scale antibiotic production.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Foreign&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	3.5&lt;/p&gt;
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