<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shijitha, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baiju, K. V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shukla, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patil, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warrier, K. G. K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novel electroless process for copper coating of flyash using titania/ultraviolet-radiation/metal catalyst-system</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Surface Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Copper</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electroless</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flyash</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photocatalysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sol-gel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">titania</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13-14</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6696-6704</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;A novel electroless process has been demonstrated in this investigation to coat the surface of flyash particles with a conducting metal such as copper. The conventional electroless process has been modified for this purpose by replacing the tin-palladium catalyst-system with the titania/ultraviolet-radiation/metal catalyst-system, where the metal is either copper or silver as demonstrated here. The mechanism of copper coating of flyash particles in an electroless bath, using the novel methods of surface-sensitization and surface-activation, has been systematically studied by monitoring changes in the surface-morphology, surface-chemistry, and surface-structure of flyash particles using the scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, X-ray photoelectron spectroscope, and X-ray diffraction. It has been revealed that the novel electroless method involves coating the flyash particles with titania photocatalyst via sol-gel, which acts as a surface-sensitizer under the ultraviolet-radiation exposure for the subsequent surface-activation with the copper- or silver-clusters. The latter in turn acts as surface-catalyst for the subsequent Cu-coating in an electroless bath. The proposed mechanism of surface-sensitization and surface-activation of flyash particles using the novel catalyst-system has been compared with that using the conventional catalyst-system. (C) 2009 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13-14</style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1.793</style></custom4></record></records></xml>