<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satyarthi, J. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivas, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratnasamy, P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrolysis of vegetable oils and fats to fatty acids over solid acid catalysts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Catalysis A-General</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Double-metal cyanide complex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fat splitting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatty acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrolysis of vegetable oils and fats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">solid acid catalyst</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JAN</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2, SI</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">391</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">427-435</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Solid Fe-Zn double-metal cyanide (DMC) complexes exhibit high catalytic activity for hydrolysis of edible and non-edible vegetable oils and animal fat. In a batch reaction, complete conversion of vegetable oil triglycerides to fatty acids with selectivity greater than 73 wt% was obtained at temperatures as low as 463 K, autogenous pressure and with 5 wt% of catalyst. Catalytic activity of DMC was superior to Amberlyst (TM) 70, SAPO-11, H-beta, HY, MoO(x)/Al(2)O(3) and sulfated zirconia. Rates of hydrolysis were greatly enhanced when solvents (tetrahydrofuran or N,N-dimethylformamide), phase transfer agents (tetrapropyl ammonium bromide) and products (a mixture of mono-/diglycerides and fatty acids) or fatty acid was added to the feed. Surface hydrophobicity which enables high wettability and activation of glycerides on active, acidic sites of reusable DMC is attributed to be the major cause for its superior catalytic activity. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2 </style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3.903
</style></custom4></record></records></xml>