<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chougule, Nanasaheb P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giri, Ashok P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sainani, Mohini N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gupta, Vidya S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene expression patterns of helicoverpa armigera gut proteases</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gut proteinases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helicoverpa armigera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteinase inhibitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RT-PCR</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355-367</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Relative quantification of reported gut proteinase cDNAs from Helicoverpa armigera larvae fed on various host plants (cotton, chickpea, pigeonpea, tomato and okra), non-host plant Pis (winged bean, bitter gourd, ground nut, and capsicum) and during larval development has been carried out using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Five trypsin-like and three chymotrypsin-like proteinases were categorized as insensitive or sensitive to most of the proteinase inhibitors (Pis) and insensitive/sensitive to specific Pis based on their expression analysis. These results were supported by amino acid sequence analysis, where diverged amino acids were observed in the regions, which are reported to be involved in typical trypsin trypsin inhibitor interactions and critical for proteinase inhibitor resistance. Among exopeptidases (five aminopeptidase and three carboxypeptidase), HaAmi4 and HaAmi5 of aminopeptidase and HaCar1 of carboxypeptidase exhibited considerable differential expression. Elastase and cathepsin B-like proteinases were expressed at negligible levels. The proteases identified in the study would be ideal candidates for further interactions studies with protease inhibitors to understand the structural reasons of protease inhibitor insensitivity (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Council of Scientific &amp;amp; Industrial Research (CSIR) - India&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foreign&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;3.767&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamhane, V. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chougule, Nanasaheb P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giri, Ashok P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dixit, A. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sainani, Mohini N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gupta, Vidya S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vivo and in vitro effect of capsicum annum proteinase inhibitors on helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-General Subjects</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsicum annum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gut proteinase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helicoverpa armigera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">insect resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteinase inhibitor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1722</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">156-167</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Two proteinase inhibitors (PIs), CapA1 and CapA2, were purified from Capsicum annum Linn. Var. Phule Jyoti leaves and assessed for their in vitro and in vivo activity against Helicoverpa armigera gut proteinases (HGPs). Both the inhibitors exhibited molecular weights of about 12 kDa with inhibitory activity against bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin indicating presence of probable two-inhibitor repeats of PIN II family. CapA1 and CapA2 inhibited 60-80% HGP (azocaseinolytic) activity of fourth instar larvae feeding on various host plants while 45-65% inhibition of HGP activity of various instars (II to VI) larvae reared on artificial diet. The partial purification of HGP isoforms, their characterization with synthetic inhibitors and inhibition by C. annum PIs revealed that most of the trypsin-like activity (68-91%) of HGPs was sensitive to C. annum PIs while 39-85% chymotrypsin-like activity of HGPs was insensitive to these inhibitors. The feeding of C. annum leaf extracts and two purified PIs in various doses to H. armigera larvae for two successive generations through artificial diet demonstrated their potential in inhibiting larval growth and development, delay in pupation period and dramatic reduction in fecundity and fertility. This is the first report-demonstrating efficacy of C. annum PIs against insect gut proteinases as well as larval growth and development of H. armigera. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Council of Scientific &amp;amp; Industrial Research (CSIR) - India&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foreign&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5.083</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srinivasan, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chougule, Nanasaheb P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giri, Ashok P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gatehouse, J. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gupta, Vidya S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Podborer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubn.) does not show specific adaptations in gut proteinases to dietary Cicer arietinum Kunitz proteinase inhibitor</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Insect Physiology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cicer arietinum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helicoverpa armigera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">insect response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">proteinase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteinase inhibitor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NOV</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1268-1276</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We investigated the response of Helicoverpa armigera larvae towards ingestion of Cicer arietinum Kunitz proteinase inhibitor (CaKPI), which caused antagonistic effects on developing H. armigera larvae. CaKPI-degrading proteinases were not detectable in either control or sensitized larvae. There were negligible increases in total proteinase activity, as well as in trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activities of H. armigera gut proteinases (HGPs). Decrease in sensitivity of HGPs to inhibition by CaKPI was not observed when the inhibitor was fed Suggesting that the insect had not shown a specific adaptive response to dietary CaKPI. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (Q RT-PCR) analysis showed a general up-regulation of proteases in larvae that ingested CaKPI and a specific regulation of individual transcripts was not observed. CaKPI had maximum inhibitory activity against HGP derived from fourth instar larvae. CaKPI was equally potent in inhibition of HGPs derived from larvae fed on different host plants, as well as various proteinase inhibitors (Pis) to which larval adaptation was previously reported. The lack of larval response to CaKPI was attributable to the atypical active site sequence and inhibitory activity of CaKPI and/or to the pre-adaptation of H. armigera larvae due to the constant exposure to basal levels of CaKPI in chickpea seeds or a chickpea seed-based diet. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Council of Scientific &amp;amp; Industrial Research (CSIR) - India&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2.267</style></custom4></record></records></xml>