<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khan, Arshad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akhtar, Shamim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad, Jawid N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Dhiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Presence of a functional nitrate assimilation pathway in mycobacterium smegmatis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Pathogenesis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dormant bacilli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glutamine synthetase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L-methionine-S-sulfoximine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium smegmatis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrate assimilation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JAN</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-77</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Ability of Mycobacterium smegmatis to assimilate nitrate was evaluated in its active and dormant phase. Nitrate (10 mM), nitrite (0.5 mM) and ammonia (10 mM)allowed growth of M. smegmatis concomitant with their complete depletion from the culture in 144, 120 and 96 h, respectively, when used as sole nitrogen Source. Azide (50 mu M) stopped the growth of M. smegmatis when nitrate was used as sole nitrogen source. L-methionine-S-sulfoximine (L-MSO), which is a well-known inhibitor of glutamine synthetase, an enzyme also involved in nitrogen metabolic pathway, when applied at 10 mu g/ml concentration, completely inhibited the growth of the organism when nitrate or nitrite was used as sole nitrogen source. There was no effect of either azide or L-MSO at above concentrations on the growth of the organism when asparagine or ammonia was used as sole nitrogen source. More significantly, utilization of nitrate, nitrite and ammonia continued even in oxygen depletion induced dormant culture at the rates of 289, 25 and 354 mu M/day, respectively. These rates were 5-8 times slower than the rates of 1966, 127 and 2890 mu M/day, respectively, in active replicating phase. In the presence of azide (50 mu M) and L-MSO (10 mu g/ml), 2.1 and 1.51 logs reduction in viability of dormant M. smegmatis was observed using nitrate and nitrite, respectively, as sole nitrogen source. Altogether, the results indicated the presence of nitrate assimilation pathway operating in both active and dormant stage of M. smegmatis. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2.000</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreekanth, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syed, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Dhiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santhakumari, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad, Absar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khan, Mohammad Islam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Production, purification, and characterization of taxol and 10-DABIII from a new endophytic fungus gliocladium sp isolated from the Indian yew tree, taxus baccata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10 DAB III</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endophytic fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gliocladium sp.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taxol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taxus baccata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NOV</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KOREAN SOC MICROBIOLOGY &amp; BIOTECHNOLOGY</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KOREA SCI TECHNOL CENTER \#507, 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1342-1347</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;We have isolated endophytic fungi from the Indian yew tree, Taxus baccata, and then screened for taxol production. Out of the 40 fungal cultures screened, one fungus Gliocladium sp. was found to produce taxol and 10-DABIII (10-deacetyl baccatin III). These compounds were purified by TLC and HPLC and characterized using UV-spectroscopy, ESI-MS, MS/MS, and proton NMR. One liter of Gliocladium sp. culture yielded 10 mu g of taxol and 65 mu g of 10-DABIII. The purified taxol from the fungus showed cytotoxicity towards cancer lines HL-60 (leukemia), A431 (epidermal carcinoma), and MCF-7 (breast cancer).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foreign&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1.224</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kulkarni, Roshan R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shurpali, Ketaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gawade, Rupesh L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Dhiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puranik, Vedavati G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Swati P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllocladane diterpenes from anisomeles heyneana</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Asian Natural Products Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisomeles heyneana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamiaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phyllocladane diterpenes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NOV</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TAYLOR &amp; FRANCIS LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1162-1168</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;New phyllocladane diterpene, phyllocladan-16 alpha,17-dihydroxy-19-oic acid (1), together with known phyllocladane diterpene, phyllocladan-16 alpha,19-diol (2), cembrane diterpene ovatodiolide (3), sitosteryl-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (4), and verbascoside (5), were isolated from aerial parts of Anisomeles heyneana. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR analyses which included HSQC, HMBC, and nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) experiments as well as X-ray crystallography. This is the first report of phyllocladane diterpenes from genus Anisomeles. Compounds 1, 3, 4, and 5 were evaluated for inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 3 was found to exhibit anti-mycobacterial activity with IC90 6.53 mu g/ml. Compounds 1, 3, and 5, at 100 mu g/ml, were also evaluated for inhibition of Thp-1 cell lines, and compounds 1 and 3 showed 59.02% and 96.4% inhibitions, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0.948
</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Sampa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Dhiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential use of nitrate reductase as a biomarker for the identification of active and dormant inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis in a THP1 infection model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Biomolecular Screening</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">high-throughput screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nitrate reductase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THP1</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AUG</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">966-973</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The development of a macrophage-based, antitubercular high-throughput screening system could expedite discovery programs for identifying novel inhibitors. In this study, the kinetics of nitrate reduction (NR) by Mycobacterium tuberculosis during growth in Thp1 macrophages was found to be almost parallel to viable bacilli count. NR in the culture medium containing 50 mM of nitrate was found to be optimum on the fifth day after infection with M. tuberculosis. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and Z-factor obtained from this macrophage-based assay were 5.4 and 0.965, respectively, which confirms the robustness of the assay protocol. The protocol was further validated by using standard antitubercular inhibitors such as rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, added at their IC90 value, on the day of infection. These inhibitors were not able to kill the bacilli when added to the culture on the fifth day after infection. Interestingly, pentachlorophenol and rifampicin killed the bacilli immediately after addition on the fifth day of infection. Altogether, this assay protocol using M. tuberculosis-infected Thp-1 macrophages provides a novel, cost-efficient, robust, and easy-to-perform screening platform for the identification of both active and hypoxic stage-specific inhibitors against tuberculosis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2.207
</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singh, Richa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nawale, Laxman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arkile, Manisha A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wadhwani, Sweety</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shedbalkar, Utkarsha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chopade, Snehal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Dhiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chopade, Balu Ananda</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytogenic silver, gold, and bimetallic nanoparticles as novel antitubercular agents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Nanomedicine</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimycobacterial agent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drug resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanoparticles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tuberculosis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAY</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 300-008, ALBANY, AUCKLAND 0752, NEW ZEALAND</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1889—1897</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Purpose: Multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a global threat to human health. It requires immediate action to seek new antitubercular compounds and devise alternate strategies. Nanomaterials, in the present scenario, have opened new avenues in medicine, diagnosis, and therapeutics. In view of this, the current study aims to determine the efficacy of phytogenic metal nanoparticles to inhibit mycobacteria. Methods: Silver (AgNPs), gold (AuNPs), and gold-silver bimetallic (Au-AgNPs) nanoparticles synthesized from medicinal plants, such as Barleria prionitis, Plumbago zeylanica, and Syzygium cumini, were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG. In vitro and ex vivo macrophage infection model assays were designed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and half maximal inhibitory concentration of nanoparticles. Microscopic analyses were carried out to demonstrate intracellular uptake of nanoparticles in macrophages. Besides this, biocompatibility, specificity, and selectivity of nanoparticles were also established with respect to human cell lines. Results: Au-AgNPs exhibited highest antitubercular activity, with MIC of &amp;lt;2.56 mu g/mL, followed by AgNPs. AuNPs did not show such activity at concentrations of up to 100 mu g/mL. In vitro and ex vivo macrophage infection model assays revealed the inhibition of both active and dormant stage mycobacteria on exposure to Au-AgNPs. These nanoparticles were capable of entering macrophage cells and exhibited up to 45% cytotoxicity at 30 mu g/mL (ten times MIC concentration) after 48 hours. Among these, Au-AgNPs synthesized from S. cumini were found to be more specific toward mycobacteria, with their selectivity index in the range of 94-108. Conclusion: This is the first study to report the antimycobacterial activity of AuNPs, AgNPs, and Au-AgNPs synthesized from medicinal plants. Among these, Au-AgNPs from S. cumini showed profound efficiency, specificity, and selectivity to kill mycobacteria. These should be investigated further to develop novel TB nanoantibiotics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foreign&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4.32</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aher, Rahul Balasaheb</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Dhiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacophore modeling of pretomanid (PA-824) derivatives for antitubercular potency against replicating and non-replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Biomolecular Structure &amp; Dynamics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LORA assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MABA assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">non-replicating M</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pharmacophore modeling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pretomanid derivatives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">replicating M</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tuberculosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">virtual screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEB</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">889-900</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Pretomanid (PA-824) is the recently (2019) approved drug for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB and the multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB by US FDA. The experimental data of antitubercular activity of 543 pretomanid derivatives (total 6 datasets) against replicating (active) and non-replicating (dormant) forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain H37Rv) are available in the literature. Such vast experimental data of pretomanid derivatives against both of these endpoints, and recent approval of pretomanid molecule as a drug encouraged us to utilize this existing experimental information for the development of the 3D-pharmacophore models. The developed model (Hypo-1, MABA) showed the three physicochemical features namely, the oxygen atom of nitro group (HBA_1), fused pyran ring of imidazopyran heterocycle (HYAl_2) and the 4-fluorophenyl moiety (HYAr_3) are crucial for the antitubercular activity against replicating M. tb. Subsequently, the pharmacophore model (Hypo-1, LORA) developed against the non-replicating form of M. tb also showed the contribution of three physicochemical features namely, the 4-tri-fluoromethyl group (HYAl_2) and both the phenyl groups (HYAr_3, HYAr_4) of biaryl moiety in increasing the antitubercular activity. Both the pharmacophoric classifier models showed the classification accuracies of 82.98 and 74.42% for the training set compounds, and 63.91 and 61.60% for the test set compounds respectively, for labelling the compounds into higher and lower active classes. Both the models were also found to be retaining the higher active compounds in top 1.00% of the total number of compounds (decoys and actives), after performing the decoy set screening. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foreign&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;4.986&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yeware, Amar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akhtar, Shamim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarkar, Dhiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probes and techniques used in active and the hypoxia-based dormant state of an antitubercular drug screening assay</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicine in Drug Discovery</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Active and dormant states</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">and</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug screening assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tuberculosis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100115</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Current antitubercular drug therapy requires more than six months and is unable to kill latent or dormant forms of tuberculosis. Thus, it is a need of new drug therapy to fight against dormant tuberculosis. However, the major obstacle in the development of novel drugs for dormant tuberculosis is the lack of relevant screening systems and using reliable probes to measure growth inhibition. Until now, several probes used in active state assays are significantly determining the inhibitory effect against the active state of mycobacteria. The dormant condition assays are based on hypoxia-derived dormancy which include resazurin reduction assay, nitrite reductase assay, XTT reduction menadione assay and low oxygen recovery assay. Major probes used in those assays are colorimetric/fluorescent dyes, enzymatic activity, and reporter genes include luciferase and fluorescent proteins. Although these dormant assays are based on hypoxia-induced features and difficult to maintain for a longer duration. Also, they further complicated by growth detection and pursuit of high throughput screening criteria. Here we reviewed complications of probes and assay techniques used for anti-dormant drug screening programs of tuberculosis. This will provide the knowledge to design better alternative drug screening method for the anti-dormant form of tuberculosis.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NA</style></custom4></record></records></xml>