<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hengne, Amol M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biradar, Narayan S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rode, Chandrashekhar V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surface species of supported ruthenium catalysts in selective hydrogenation of levulinic esters for bio-refinery application</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catalysis Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5 % Ru/C</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biofeedstock</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gamma-Valerolactone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">H-2-TPR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrogenation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methyl levulinate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XPS</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JUN</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPRINGER</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">142</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">779-787</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Several supported noble metal catalysts were screened for the hydrogenation of methyl levulinate to gamma-valerolactone (GVL). Among these catalysts 5 % Ru/C showed the highest conversion of 95 % of methyl levulinate with 91 % selectivity to GVL. A detailed characterization was carried out using TPR, XRD, XPS and BET techniques. XPS studies revealed that higher extent of Ru-0 species in case of carbon supported Ru was responsible for its higher hydrogenation activity as compared to Ru on other supports. Effect of process parameters such as temperature, H-2 pressure, catalyst and substrate concentration and metal loading on methyl LA conversion and selectivity to GVL also has been studied. 5 % Ru/C catalyst was found to be stable up to five reuses.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2.244
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