<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Babu, Ponnivalavan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Datta, Stuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumar, Rajnish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linga, Praveen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of experimental pressure and temperature on semiclathrate hydrate formation for pre-combustion capture of CO2 using tetra-n-butyl ammonium nitrate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon dioxide capture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clathrate process</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gas hydrates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semi-clathrates</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DEC</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SI</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">458-464</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;TBANO(3) (tetra-n-butyl ammonium nitrate) is a promising liquid phase promoter for capturing CO2 via HBGS (hydrate based gas separation) technology. In this study, the impact of experimental pressure and temperature on formation of mixed CO2-H-2-TBANO(3) semiclathrate hydrate for the optimum 1.0 mol% TBANO(3) reported by Babu et al. [1] was investigated. Experimental pressures of 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 MPa and temperatures of 274.2, 276.2 and 278.2 K were employed. Irrespective of the experimental pressure, shorter induction time was observed for experiments conducted at 274.2 K when compared to the experiments at other temperatures. At a given pressure, the total gas uptake increased with increase in experimental temperature. Similarly at a given temperature, the total gas uptake increases with an increase in pressure. Higher rate of hydrate formation was observed at experimental pressure of 6.0 MPa than at 3.0 and 4.5 MPa irrespective of the experimental temperature. The CO2 composition in hydrate was between 87.5 and 93.2 mol%. Finally, the gas consumption for 1.0 mol% TBANO(3) as promoter was much higher than other promoters of quaternary salts like tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide and tetra-n-butyl ammonium fluoride at comparable concentration and driving force. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5.00
</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Babu, Ponnivalavan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yao, Minghuang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Datta, Stuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumar, Rajnish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linga, Praveen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thermodynamic and kinetic verification of tetra-n-butyl ammonium nitrate (TBANO(3)) as a promoter for the clathrate process applicable to precombustion carbon dioxide capture</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Science &amp; Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMER CHEMICAL SOC</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3550-3558</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In this study, tetra-n-butyl ammonium nitrate (TBANO(3)) is evaluated as a promoter for precombustion capture of CO2 via hydrate formation. New hydrate phase equilibrium data for fuel gas (CO2/H-2) mixture in presence of TBANO(3) of various concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 3.7 mol % was determined and presented. Heat of hydrate dissociation was calculated using Clausius-Clapeyron equation and as the concentration of TBANO(3) increases, the heat of hydrate dissociation also increases. Kinetic performance of TBANO(3) as a promoter at different concentrations was evaluated at 6.0 MPa and 274.2 K. Based on induction time, gas uptake, separation factor, hydrate phase CO2 composition, and rate of hydrate growth, 1.0 mol % TBANO(3) solution was found to be the optimum concentration at the experimental conditions of 6.0 MPa and 274.2 K for gas hydrate formation. A 93.0 mol % CO2 rich stream can be produced with a gas uptake of 0.0132 mol of gas/mol of water after one stage of hydrate formation in the presence of 1.0 mol % TBANO(3) solution. Solubility measurements and microscopic images of kinetic measurements provide further insights to understand the reason for 1.0 mol % TBANO(3) to be the optimum concentration.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5.33</style></custom4></record></records></xml>