<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salunke, Gayatri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badhe, Yogesh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singh, Vrijendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghorpade, Prakash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hegde, Mahabaleshwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kadoo, Narendra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular insights into the oleic acid accumulation in safflower</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carthamus tinctorius</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FAD2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FATB</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatty acid desaturase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fatty acid thioesterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">linoleic acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FEB</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">102</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">351-363</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Most of the Indian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) varieties produce oil rich in linoleic acid (LA, similar to 75%) and low in oleic acid (OA, similar to 15%). In the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, the fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) enzyme converts OA to LA. Safflower is reported to have 12-20 FAD2 genes. Gene expression analysis of four FAD2 genes during seed development in a high LA variety, PBNS-12, revealed high expression of FAD2-1 at 21 days after flowering (DAF), correlating with high LA accumulation. Fatty acid profiling of 448 Indian safflower germplasm accessions revealed four lines to have high (58%-77%) OA content, with NASF-39 having the highest OA content. Interestingly, all four high OA lines showed the same mutation in the FAD2-1 gene. The DNA sequence of FAD2-1 from the four high OA lines showed a deletion of C at the +606 position, resulting in a premature stop codon at the +733 position and a truncated protein of 244 amino acids. Hence, despite the high expression levels of FAD2-1 in NASF-39 at 18-21 DAF, it exhibited high OA (77%). The dysfunctional nature of the truncated FAD2-1 in NASF-39 was evident in molecular docking studies with 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine. We also sequenced FATB, a thioesterase responsible for releasing stearic acid from acyl carrier protein for further desaturation to oleic acid, where an A773G substitution was observed. This resulted in E258G substitution in NASF-39 FATB compared to that of PBNS-12. This probably made the acyl-binding pocket of NASF-39 FATB unstable, contributing to high OA accumulation. Thus, the outcomes of this study can help develop super and ultra-high oleic safflower varieties through various genetics and genomics approaches.&lt;/p&gt;
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	Foreign&lt;/p&gt;
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	1.9&lt;/p&gt;
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