<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magar, Subhash B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kapoor, Ashish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jana, Sumit Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pal, Dan Bahadur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rode, Chandrashekhar V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etherification of biomass-derived glycerol to oxygenated fuel additives using dodecatungstophosphoric-silica-supported catalyst: characterization and kinetic studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery </style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catalytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">etherification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fuel additives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinselwood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impregnation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">kinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langmuir</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NOV</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16285-16295</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Commercial biodiesel production is becoming popular due to its sustainability and reduced greenhouse gas emissions in comparison to fossil fuels. Biodiesel production involves the co-generation of crude glycerol that is not directly viable. Valorization of glycerol is essential from techno-economic perspective to achieve goals of circular economy. In this study, the glycerol etherification was carried out using tert-butyl alcohol in presence of dodecatungstophosphoric/silica (DTP/SiO2) catalyst for production of tert-butyl glycerol ethers that can be used as fuel additives. A series of DTP/SiO2 catalysts were prepared with various compositions by impregnating heteropoly acids (HPA, H3PW12O40). The product analysis was performed to monitor mono-, di-, and tri-tert-butyl glycerol ethers. The kinetic studies were conducted based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The rate constants were determined from experimental data by regression analysis. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM/EDX, and thermogravimetric analysis. Varying DTP loadings resulted in different catalytic activities. Activation energy (38.23 kJ/mol), activation enthalpy (25.94 kJ/mol), activation entropy (-163.8 J/mol/K), and Gibbs free energy of activation (88.67 kJ/mol) were attained for DTP/SiO2 (20%) catalyst that exhibited the best selectivity for di-tert-butyl glycerol ethers.&lt;/p&gt;
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