<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reid, Adam James</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vermont, Sarah J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cotton, James A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hill-Cawthorne, Grant A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenen-Waisman, Stephanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latham, Sophia M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mourier, Tobias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norton, Rebecca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quail, Michael A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanders, Mandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sohal, Amandeep</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wasmuth, James D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brunk, Brian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grigg, Michael E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howard, Jonathan C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parkinson, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roos, David S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees, Alexander J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berriman, Matthew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain, Arnab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wastling, Jonathan M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative genomics of the apicomplexan parasites toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum: coccidia differing in host range and transmission strategy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plos Pathogens</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAR</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic protozoan parasite which infects nearly one third of the human population and is found in an extraordinary range of vertebrate hosts. Its epidemiology depends heavily on horizontal transmission, especially between rodents and its definitive host, the cat. Neospora caninum is a recently discovered close relative of Toxoplasma, whose definitive host is the dog. Both species are tissue-dwelling Coccidia and members of the phylum Apicomplexa; they share many common features, but Neospora neither infects humans nor shares the same wide host range as Toxoplasma, rather it shows a striking preference for highly efficient vertical transmission in cattle. These species therefore provide a remarkable opportunity to investigate mechanisms of host restriction, transmission strategies, virulence and zoonotic potential. We sequenced the genome of N. caninum and transcriptomes of the invasive stage of both species, undertaking an extensive comparative genomics and transcriptomics analysis. We estimate that these organisms diverged from their common ancestor around 28 million years ago and find that both genomes and gene expression are remarkably conserved. However, in N. caninum we identified an unexpected expansion of surface antigen gene families and the divergence of secreted virulence factors, including rhoptry kinases. Specifically we show that the rhoptry kinase ROP18 is pseudogenised in N. caninum and that, as a possible consequence, Neospora is unable to phosphorylate host immunity-related GTPases, as Toxoplasma does. This defense strategy is thought to be key to virulence in Toxoplasma. We conclude that the ecological niches occupied by these species are influenced by a relatively small number of gene products which operate at the host-parasite interface and that the dominance of vertical transmission in N. caninum may be associated with the evolution of reduced virulence in this species.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7.003</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woo, Yong H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ansari, Hifzur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otto, Thomas D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klinger, Christen M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolisko, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michalek, Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saxena, Alka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tayyrov, Annageldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veluchamy, Alaguraj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali, Shahjahan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bernal, Axel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">del Campo, Javier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cihlar, Jaromir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flegontov, Pavel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gornik, Sebastian G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hajduskova, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horak, Ales</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janouskovec, Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katris, Nicholas J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mast, Fred D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miranda-Saavedra, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mourier, Tobias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naeem, Raeece</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nair, Mridul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Panigrahi, Aswini K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rawlings, Neil D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Padron-Regalado, Eriko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramaprasad, Abhinay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samad, Nadira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomcala, Ales</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilkes, Jon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neafsey, Daniel E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doerig, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowler, Chris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keeling, Patrick J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roos, David S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dacks, Joel B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Templeton, Thomas J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waller, Ross F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lukes, Julius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obornik, Miroslav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain, Arnab</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromerid genomes reveal the evolutionary path from photosynthetic algae to obligate intracellular parasites</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elife</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JUL</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SHERATON HOUSE, CASTLE PARK, CAMBRIDGE, CB3 0AX, ENGLAND</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article Number: e06974</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The eukaryotic phylum Apicomplexa encompasses thousands of obligate intracellular parasites of humans and animals with immense socio-economic and health impacts. We sequenced nuclear genomes of Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis, free-living non-parasitic photosynthetic algae closely related to apicomplexans. Proteins from key metabolic pathways and from the endomembrane trafficking systems associated with a free-living lifestyle have been progressively and non-randomly lost during adaptation to parasitism. The free-living ancestor contained a broad repertoire of genes many of which were repurposed for parasitic processes, such as extracellular proteins, components of a motility apparatus, and DNA-and RNA-binding protein families. Based on transcriptome analyses across 36 environmental conditions, Chromera orthologs of apicomplexan invasion-related motility genes were co-regulated with genes encoding the flagellar apparatus, supporting the functional contribution of flagella to the evolution of invasion machinery. This study provides insights into how obligate parasites with diverse life strategies arose from a once free-living phototrophic marine alga.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foreign&lt;/p&gt;</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8.303</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salunke, Rahul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mourier, Tobias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Banerjee, Manidipa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain, Arnab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Highly diverged novel subunit composition of apicomplexan F-type ATP synthase identified from Toxoplasma gondii</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plos Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JUL</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e2006128</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The mitochondrial F-type ATP synthase, a multisubunit nanomotor, is critical for maintaining cellular ATP levels. In T. gondii and other apicomplexan parasites, many subunit components necessary for proper assembly and functioning of this enzyme appear to be missing. Here, we report the identification of 20 novel subunits of T. gondii F-type ATP synthase from mass spectrometry analysis of partially purified monomeric (approximately 600 kDa) and dimeric (&amp;gt; 1 MDa) forms of the enzyme. Despite extreme sequence diversification, key F-O subunits a, b, and d can be identified from conserved structural features. Orthologs for these proteins are restricted to apicomplexan, chromerid, and dinoflagellate species. Interestingly, their absence in ciliates indicates a major diversion, with respect to subunit composition of this enzyme, within the alveolate clade. Discovery of these highly diversified novel components of the apicomplexan F-type ATP synthase complex could facilitate the development of novel antiparasitic agents. Structural and functional characterization of this unusual enzyme complex will advance our fundamental understanding of energy metabolism in apicomplexan species.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foreign</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9.797</style></custom4></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emwas, Abdul-Hamid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zacharias, Helena U.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alborghetti, Marcos Rodrigo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gowda, G. A. Nagana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raftery, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mckay, Ryan T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chang, Chung-ke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saccenti, Edoardo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gronwald, Wolfram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schuchardt, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leiminger, Roland</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merzaban, Jasmeen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madhoun, Nour Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iqbal, Mazhar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alsiary, Rawiah A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shivapurkar, Rupali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain, Arnab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan, Danielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roy, Raja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schirra, Horst Joachim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Vanessa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeri, Ana Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alahmari, Fatimah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salek, Reza M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LeVatte, Marcia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berjanskii, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Brian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wishart, David S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recommendations for sample selection, collection and preparation for NMR-based metabolomics studies of blood</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolomics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolomics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standardization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAY</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	BackgroundMetabolic profiling of blood metabolites, particularly in plasma and serum, is vital for studying human diseases, human conditions, drug interventions and toxicology. The clinical significance of blood arises from its close ties to all human cells and facile accessibility. However, patient-specific variables such as age, sex, diet, lifestyle and health status, along with pre-analytical conditions (sample handling, storage, etc.), can significantly affect metabolomic measurements in whole blood, plasma, or serum studies. These factors, referred to as confounders, must be mitigated to reveal genuine metabolic changes due to illness or intervention onset.Review objectiveThis review aims to aid metabolomics researchers in collecting reliable, standardized datasets for NMR-based blood (whole/serum/plasma) metabolomics. The goal is to reduce the impact of confounding factors and enhance inter-laboratory comparability, enabling more meaningful outcomes in metabolomics studies.Key conceptsThis review outlines the main factors affecting blood metabolite levels and offers practical suggestions for what to measure and expect, how to mitigate confounding factors, how to properly prepare, handle and store blood, plasma and serum biosamples and how to report data in targeted NMR-based metabolomics studies of blood, plasma and serum.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Foreign&lt;/p&gt;
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	4.1&lt;/p&gt;
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