<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patil, Anil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shinde, Suhas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamble, Sanjay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rode, Chandrashekhar, V</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Two-step sequence of acetalization and hydrogenation for synthesis of diesel fuel additives from furfural and diols.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energy &amp; Fuels</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AUG</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7466-7472</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;Acetalization&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;diols&lt;/span&gt; with &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;furfural&lt;/span&gt; and subsequent &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;hydrogenation&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; acetal products provided potential &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;fuel&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;additives&lt;/span&gt; that could be blended into commercial &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;diesel&lt;/span&gt;. Glycerol could be an interesting polyol &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;acetalization&lt;/span&gt; with &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;furfural&lt;/span&gt; due to its low cost, and it is produced as a byproduct in very large amount in the process &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; biodiesel production. In this work, glycerol &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;acetalization&lt;/span&gt; with &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;furfural&lt;/span&gt; has been selected as a model reaction. &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;Acetalization&lt;/span&gt; reaction was performed under neat conditions (solventless) with 1:1 molar ratio &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;furfural&lt;/span&gt; and glycerol at room temperature over various acid catalysts, including homogeneous and heterogeneous acids. Among several catalysts, Zr-Mont, a heterogeneous solid acid having controlled acidity, gave as high as 78% isolated yield &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; acetal products. Interestingly, acetal products can be isolated in pure form by performing extraction using cyclohexane that enables selective extraction &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; product, and unreacted glycerol and &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;furfural&lt;/span&gt; were left in aqueous phase, which can be recycled. Further, to make &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;fuel&lt;/span&gt; components &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; isolated acetal product &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; glycerol and &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;furfural&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;hydrogenation&lt;/span&gt; was performed over a series &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; supported noble-metal catalysts under low H-2 pressure at room temperature. Among them, 5% Pd/C showed very high activity &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; ring &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;hydrogenation&lt;/span&gt; that resulted in high yield &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;hydrogenation&lt;/span&gt; products. However, hydrogenated product contains free hydroxyl group that needs to be subsequently etherified or acetylated. Interestingly, etherified derivative was obtained in high yield compared to acetylated derivative. In addition, several other &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;diols&lt;/span&gt; were treated with &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;furfural&lt;/span&gt; and their products were subsequently hydrogenated over 5% Pd/C under very low H-2 pressure. The properties &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; resulting compounds were investigated so as to find most suitable candidates as &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;additives&lt;/span&gt; to commercial &lt;span class=&quot;hitHilite&quot;&gt;diesel&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Foreign&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom3><custom4><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;jhHeader_impact&quot;&gt;3.021&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></custom4></record></records></xml>