02448nas a2200337 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260007600230300001200306490000600318520131100324653001301635653001301648653002801661653001301689653002401702100002101726700001801747700001601765700002201781700002101803700001901824700002201843700002701865700002301892700002101915700002301936700002201959856012901981 2010 eng d a1864-563100aRenewable H-2 from glycerol steam reforming: effect of La2O3 and CeO2 addition to Pt/Al2O3 catalysts.0 aRenewable H2 from glycerol steam reforming effect of La2O3 and C aCOMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcMAY a619-6280 v33 a

Glycerol is the main byproduct of biodiesel production and its increased production volume derives from the increasing demand for biofuels. The conversion of glycerol to hydrogen-rich mixtures presents an attractive route towards sustainable biodiesel production. Here we explored the use of Pt/Al2O3-based catalysts for the catalytic steam reforming of glycerol, evidencing the influence of La2O3 and CeO2 doping on the catalyst activity and selectivity. The addition of the latter metal oxides to a Pt/Al2O3 catalyst is found to significantly improve the glycerol steam reforming, with high H-2 and CO2 selectivities. A good catalytic stability is achieved for the Pt/La2O3/Al2O3 system working at 350 degrees C, while the Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst sharply deactivates after 20 h under similar conditions. Studies carried out on fresh and exhausted catalysts reveal that both systems maintain high surface areas and high Pt dispersions. Therefore, the observed catalyst deactivation can be attributed to coke deposition on the active sites throughout the catalytic process and only marginally to Pt nanoparticle sintering. This work suggests that an appropriate support composition is mandatory for preparing high-performance Pt-based catalysts for the sustainable conversion of glycerol into syngas.

10abiofuels10aGlycerol10aheterogeneous catalysis10aplatinum10asupported catalysts1 aMontini, Tiziano1 aSingh, Rakesh1 aDas, Piyali1 aLorenzut, Barbara1 aBertero, Nicolas1 aRiello, Pietro1 aBenedetti, Alvise1 aGiambastiani, Giuliano1 aBianchini, Claudio1 aZinoviev, Sergey1 aMiertus, Stanislav1 aFornasiero, Paolo uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/renewable-h-2-glycerol-steam-reforming-effect-la2o3-and-ceo2-addition-ptal2o3-catalysts-001194nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245005600055210005600111260011000167300001200277490000700289520032600296653001400622653001300636653001800649653001900667653002000686653002000706653004800726653002400774100002100798700003100819856009000850 2012 eng d a0376-471000aChallenges and opportunities in biofuels production0 aChallenges and opportunities in biofuels production aDR K S KRISHNAN MARG, PUSA CAMPUS, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIAbNATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIRcJAN a174-1850 v513 a

Biofuels are attractive alternative to petroleum diesel. They are renewable, non-toxic, biodegradable, carbon neutral and lead to reduced tailpipe emissions. This article presents the current state-of-art processes of their production and discusses the opportunities and future challenges in this area of research.

10aBiodiesel10abiofuels10aDeoxygenation10aHydrotreatment10aRenewable fuels10aSolid catalysts10aTransesterification (fatty acid glycerides)10aVegetable oils/fats1 aSrinivas, Darbha1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, Kumar uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/challenges-and-opportunities-biofuels-production-002423nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245012500055210006900180260007700249300001200326490000600338520156500344653001301909653001401922653001901936653001901955653001301974100002901987700002302016700002202039856013202061 2014 eng d a2194-428800aGlycerol etherification using n-butanol to produce oxygenated additives for biodiesel fuel over H-beta zeolite catalysts0 aGlycerol etherification using nbutanol to produce oxygenated add aBOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcMAY a446-4520 v23 a

The catalytic etherification of glycerol has been systematically studied in batch process by using n-butanol to produce oxygenated additives for biodiesel fuels over various solid-acid catalysts, such as H-beta zeolite, ZSM-5, K10, etc.. The present work includes a detailed study of the optimization of the etherification process parameters, such as catalyst loading (7-20 wt% of glycerol), molar ratio of glycerol/n-butanol (1: 6 to 1: 15), speed of agitation (100-400 rpm), reaction temperature (413-453 K), and reaction time (0.5-4 h) in view of maximizing the glycerol conversion and selectivity towards mono-butyl-glycerol ether (ME). The catalyst reusability was studied using the optimized process parameters. Amongst the studied catalysts, the H-beta zeolite was found to be the most promising for the etherification of glycerol with glycerol conversion of 55% and a 98% selectivity towards ME formation. The H-beta zeolite was found to be an active and stable catalyst for up to 4 cycles. The use of n-butanol as alkylating agent is presented for first time, to the authors knowledge. The reaction was performed at milder operating conditions (0.5 MPa) than previously reported (2 MPa). A kinetic model was developed for the etherification reaction and the data obtained at optimized process parameters was used to calculate the kinetic parameters. The reaction rate constants at different reaction temperatures, activation energies, and pre-exponential factors were obtained for the etherification reaction with an accuracy of R-2 > 0.989.

10abiofuels10acatalysis10aetherification10afuel additives10azeolites1 aNandiwale, Kakasaheb, Y.1 aPatil, Shivraj, E.1 aBokade, Vijay, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/glycerol-etherification-using-n-butanol-produce-oxygenated-additives-biodiesel-fuel-over-h-002298nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245013100055210006900186260006700255300001200322490000700334520145300341653001301794653001901807653001801826653001901844653001401863653001001877100002901887700002201916856013001938 2015 eng d a1944-744200aEnvironmentally benign catalytic process for esterification of renewable levulinic acid to various alkyl levulinates biodiesel0 aEnvironmentally benign catalytic process for esterification of r a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcSEP a795-8010 v343 a

This study explores, the use of modified zeolite (Micro/Meso-HZ-5) obtained by desilication post-treatment as heterogeneous catalyst for esterification of biomass derived renewable levulinic acid (LA) with different alkyl alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, and n-octanol aiming to produce corresponding alkyl levulinate. This method of production of alkyl levulinates would be sustainable process, as it can be used as novel miscible diesel biofuels preventing global warming by decreasing atmospheric CO2. The LA conversion obtained over Micro/Meso-HZ-5 was higher than H-ZSM-5, which is due to the combined effect of increase in Bronsted acid sites, total acidity, and other properties such as BET surface area and the generation of mesoporosity. The maximum LA conversion of 91, 95, 96, and 98% with 100% selectivity toward alkyl levulinate was obtained, when LA was being esterified over Micro/Meso-HZ-5 with methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, and n-octanol, respectively, at optimal process parameters. Micro/Meso-HZ-5 catalyst was found to be reusable for six cycles. Furthermore, pseudo homogeneous (P-H) kinetic model of the esterification of LA with the studied four alcohols were established with R-2>0.99, using the experimental data. A P-H kinetic model implies that, the esterification reaction follows second order reversible kinetics. (c) 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 795-801, 2015

10abiofuels10aEsterification10akinetic model10alevulinic acid10ameso-HZ-510amicro1 aNandiwale, Kakasaheb, Y.1 aBokade, Vijay, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/environmentally-benign-catalytic-process-esterification-renewable-levulinic-acid-various-002046nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245010700055210006900162260009500231300001200326490000800338520104400346653001301390653001201403653001801415653002201433653001101455100001701466700001801483700001601501700002001517700002201537700001901559700002801578700002001606856013001626 2016 eng d a0021-951700aStudies of synergy between metal-support interfaces and selective hydrogenation of HMF to DMF in water0 aStudies of synergy between metalsupport interfaces and selective a525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USAbACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCEcAUG a248-2600 v3403 a

Metal-support interfaces play a very important role in heterogeneous catalysis. The interfacial interactions not only are responsible for stabilizing the necessary oxidation state to facilitate the reaction but also enhance the stability of the catalyst system. Nano dispersion of Ni on mesoporous nitrogen-rich carbon material has been achieved using two different synthesis methods. It was observed that nickel (0) gets stabilized by strong interfacial interaction with the nitrogen atoms of the support material, and the material was found to be very economic and efficient for the conversion of HMF to DMF in aqueous medium. The material shows >= 99% conversion to 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural (HMF) within 6 h of reaction with 98.7% DMF selectivity. A unique correlation between synthesis methods and particle sizes with catalytic performance has been observed for these newly developed materials. Furthermore, a DFT calculation has been performed to predict the reaction mechanism. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

10abiofuels10aBiomass10aHydrogenation10amesoporous carbon10aNi-CNx1 aGoyal, Reena1 aSarkar, Bipul1 aBag, Arijit1 aSiddiqui, Nazia1 aDumbre, Deepa, K.1 aLucas, Nishita1 aBhargava, Suresh, Kumar1 aBordoloi, Ankur uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/studies-synergy-between-metal-support-interfaces-and-selective-hydrogenation-hmf-dmf-water01772nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245008700055210006900142260000800211300001400219490000600233520107900239653001301318653001801331653001601349653001701365653001701382100002201399700002101421856011201442 2017 eng d a2365-654900aPromotional effect of WOx in Pt-WOx/AlPO4-5 catalyzed deoxygenation of fatty acids0 aPromotional effect of WOx in PtWOxAlPO45 catalyzed deoxygenation cFEB a1895-19010 v23 a

WOx promoted Pt/AlPO4-5 catalysts with varying Pt and W contents were prepared by wet-impregnation method and characterized. Catalysts with Pt to W weight ratio of 1: 2 exhibited higher catalytic performance than the other compositions in deoxygenation of oleic acid (OA). WOx enhanced significantly the catalytic activity of Pt and enabled quantitative conversion of OA to linear alkanes (predominantly C-18/C-17) at a temperature as low as 280 degrees C. It changed the reaction pathway from decarbonylation/ decarboxylation (DCO for Pt/AlPO4-5) to hydrodeoxygenation (HDO for Pt-WOx/AlPO4-5). It affected the particle size and redox behaviour of Pt. The enhanced H-spill over (by 14.8%) and presence of strong acid sites (300 - 500 degrees C) are the cause for the high activity of Pt-WOx/AlPO4-5 catalysts even at lower temperatures. Partially reduced WOx activates OA and leads to the HDO product (C-18). In the absence of WOx, Lewis acid sites of the support activate OA through the C=O group and Pt facilitates C-C cleavage and formation of DCO product (C-17).

10abiofuels10aDeoxygenation10aFatty acids10aGreen Diesel10aHydrocarbons1 aJanampelli, Sagar1 aDarbha, Srinivas uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/promotional-effect-wox-pt-woxalpo4-5-catalyzed-deoxygenation-fatty-acids01786nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245013300055210006900188260000800257300001200265490000800277520101600285653001301301653001801314653003001332653001601362653001601378100002201394700002101416856013101437 2017 eng d a0920-586100aSelective and reusable Pt-WO x /Al 2 O 3 catalyst for deoxygenation of fatty acids and their esters to diesel-range hydrocarbons0 aSelective and reusable PtWO x Al 2 O 3 catalyst for deoxygenatio cJUN a219-2260 v3093 aTungsten oxide promoted platinum catalysts (Pt-WOx/Al2O3) of varying composition were prepared by wet impregnation method and reduced in hydrogen atmosphere. X-ray powder diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that Pt is completely reduced to metallic state while tungsten is in +6 and +5 oxidation state. Pt crystallite and particle sizes increased (from 1.2 to 1.4 nm and 2.5 to 3 nm, respectively) in presence of WOx (CO-chemisorption and transmission electron microscopy). Tungsten addition augmented strong acid sites. It enhanced significantly the catalytic activity of Pt/Al2O3 in deoxygenation of fatty acids and their methyl esters. Tungsten altered the reaction pathway from decarbonylation/decarboxylation to hydrodeoxygenation. A catalyst with 4 wt% Pt and 8 wt% W exhibited high catalytic performance. Complete conversion of oleic acid and octadecane product selectivity in the range 67.1 − 80.8% was obtained. Pt-WOx/Al2O3 is a stable and reusable fatty acid deoxygenation catalyst.10abiofuels10aDeoxygenation10aDiesel-range hydrocarbons10aFatty acids10aPt catalyst1 aJanampelli, Sagar1 aSrinivas, Darbha uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/selective-and-reusable-pt-wo-x-al-2-o-3-catalyst-deoxygenation-fatty-acids-and-their-esters01711nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260000800246300001100254490000700265520093800272653001301210653003701223653001801260653002001278653002101298100002201319700002101341856013101362 2019 eng d a1571-101300aHydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils and fatty acids over different group VIII metal catalysts for producing biofuels0 aHydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils and fatty acids over differ cJUN a90-1010 v233 a

Energy security and environment protection are two important aspects of sustainable development. Biofuels are renewable and carbon neutral. They are suitable replacement for conventional fossil derived transport fuels. Their use leads to sustainable development. Among several technological options, catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils leading to diesel-range hydrocarbons is the most attractive approach for producing biofuels. The green diesel, thus produced, could be blended with petro-diesel or used as standalone fuel in the conventional diesel engines. Our research group has been active in developing efficient solid catalysts for hydroprocessing of vegetable oils. This account presents some of our efforts using supported group VIII metals and the importance of electronic contact between metal and support on the catalytic activity and hydrodeoxygenation selectivity in hydroprocessing of vegetable oils.

10abiofuels10aCatalysis over group VIII metals10aDeoxygenation10aHydroprocessing10aRenewable diesel1 aJanampelli, Sagar1 aDarbha, Srinivas uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/hydrodeoxygenation-vegetable-oils-and-fatty-acids-over-different-group-viii-metal-catalysts01633nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260000800207300001100215490000800226520083900234653001401073653001301087653001401100653001301114653002301127653002001150653002401170100002101194700002401215700002901239856011101268 2022 eng d a1566-736700aPerception of glycerol carbonate as green chemical: synthesis and applications0 aPerception of glycerol carbonate as green chemical synthesis and cDEC a1065420 v1723 a

Glycerol carbonate (GC) is a prominent component in industrial practice and has a remarkable potential for the sophisticated applications. While GC has come into prominence due to the perceived overflow of glycerol (GLY) as a coproduct of biodiesel industry, its contemporary and future downstream applications are driving tremendous interest in recent years. This review comprises strategies for glycerol carbonate synthesis, properties and its applications. The conversion of GLY to GC via transesterification has appeared in consensus to be the most promising route. A detailed explanation of the effect of the catalysts and operating conditions on the GC yield to provide an updated understanding of the process are summarized. Future directions for GC production through catalytic transesterification are also discussed.

10aBiodiesel10abiofuels10acatalysis10aGlycerol10aGlycerol carbonate10agreen chemistry10atransesterification1 aGade, Swapna, M.1 aSaptal, Vitthal, B.1 aBhanage, Bhalchandra, M. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/perception-glycerol-carbonate-green-chemical-synthesis-and-applications02497nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245016000055210006900215260000800284300001500292490000700307520156200314653002301876653001301899653002501912653001801937653002301955100002101978700002201999700002502021700002502046700002502071700001602096856011902112 2025 eng d a2192-650600aSynergistic effect of acidic-basic features of copper-doped layered double hydroxides nanocatalysts in valorization of biomass-derived furfural to biofuels0 aSynergistic effect of acidicbasic features of copperdoped layere cDEC ae2025004160 v903 a

Valorization of biomass-derived chemicals into high-quality compounds and biofuels is enormously fundamental to diminish dependence on fossil-based resources. Furfural is a bio-based valuable compound which can be proficiently upgraded to 4-(2-furyl)-3-buten-2-one (FAc) and 1,4-pentadiene-3-one, 1,5-di-2-furanyl (F 2 Ac) via aldol condensation of furfural with acetone. In the present work, efficient Cu-doped Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH) nanocatalysts are fabricated by coprecipitation and are exploited for furfural conversion to obtained FAc and F 2 Ac. The structure-activity relationship is scrutinized by characterizing fresh and spent nanocatalysts via numerous techniques. The good correlation between the amount of weak acidic-weak basic catalytic sites and nanocatalysts performance is established. The superior performance of Cu-0.1 nanocatalyst (Cu-content = 1.85 wt%) in aldol condensation is attributed to the presence of optimum weak acidic sites (0.21 mmol g-1) and weak basic sites (0.36 mmol g-1), synergistic acidic-basic effect, nano-sized Cu(OH) 2 nanoparticles (1.6 nm), high BET surface area (181 m2 g-1), and mesoporous architecture of material. Cu-0.1 nanocatalyst delivered 98% FAc selectivity with 100% furfural conversion at 85 degrees C. Furthermore, at 100 degrees C, the nanocatalyst gives 55% F 2 Ac selectivity with 73% furfural conversion. The catalyst displays good recyclability (7 recycles) and stability. Plausible mechanistic pathway for transformation of furfural to FAc and F 2 Ac is proposed.

10aAldol condensation10abiofuels10abiomass valorization10ananocatalysis10asynergistic effect1 aGode, Nilesh, G.1 aNagpure, Atul, S.1 aRewatkar, Suresh, B.1 aBhagat, Shailesh, K.1 aDeshmukh, Ganpat, D.1 aSaini, Ajay uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synergistic-effect-acidic-basic-features-copper-doped-layered-double-hydroxides