02155nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260007300248300001200321490000700333520131700340653001401657653001901671653002101690653002401711100002901735700002201764700002201786856012901808       2015                        eng d  a2095-495600aPhosphonated USY, a promising catalyst for the development of environmentally benign biodiesel (methyl acetate) process0 aPhosphonated USY a promising catalyst for the development of env  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAY  a285-2900 v243 a<p>The present study focuses on the evaluation of the potential applicability of Ultra Stable Y (USY) and phosphonated USY (1 wt%-4 wt% phosphorous loading) as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel (methyl acetate) production. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunaer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, total acidity by temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (TPD-NH3) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. The performances of catalysts were evaluated for the transesterification of butyl acetate with methanol (a model reaction in biodiesel production). In view to obtain a maximum yield of methyl acetate, the optimization of process parameters such as reactant molar ratio, catalyst loading, reaction temperature and reaction time was performed. All the phosphonated USY catalysts showed higher catalytic activity than the parent USY, which can be attributed to the increase of total acidity due to phosphonation. 2 wt% P/USY (2% phosphorous loaded on USY) exhibited 92% methyl acetate yield with 100% selectivity, which was proved to be a potential catalyst for biodiesel production. The invented catalyst was found to be stable and reusable for five catalytic cycles, demonstrating that it might be a environmentally benign catalytic process.</p>10aBiodiesel10amethyl acetate10aphosphonated USY10atransesterification1 aNandiwale, Kakasaheb, Y.1 aGopal, Gahana, C.1 aBokade, Vijay, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/phosphonated-usy-promising-catalyst-development-environmentally-benign-biodiesel-methyl-001844nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245017000055210006900225260000800294300001100302490000800313520098400321653002201305653001801327653001301345653002201358653001901380653000801399100002101407700002101428700002101449856013201470       2020                        eng d  a0021-961400aExperimental analysis of vapour-liquid phase equilibria for binary systems of diethyl carbonate with methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl and isoamyl acetates at 95 kPa0 aExperimental analysis of vapourliquid phase equilibria for binar  cNOV  a1061890 v1503 a<p>Experimental analysis of vapour-liquid phase equilibrium (VLE) for five binary pairs of diethyl carbonate (DEC) with methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate and isoamyl acetate was carried out in this study. VLE data were generated experimentally at local atmospheric pressure of 95 kPa in a glass dynamic recirculation still. Reliability of data was checked with the thermodynamic consistency tests by Van Ness, infinite dilution, pure component and mean absolute deviation test. Experimental data was found to be thermodynamically consistent with all tests and data was regressed with Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models to determine binary interaction parameters. Binary pair of DEC with n-butyl acetate has shown azeotropic behaviour with minimum boiling azeotrope and a close boiling behaviour through-out the composition range. No azeotropic behaviour was observed for the rest of the binary pairs. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd.</p>
10aDiethyl carbonate10aethyl acetate10aIsobaric10aIsopropyl acetate10amethyl acetate10aVLE1 aBhoi, Bharat, R.1 aMali, Nilesh, A.1 aJoshi, Sunil, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/experimental-analysis-vapour-liquid-phase-equilibria-binary-systems-diethyl-carbonate-methyl