03415nas a2200289 4500008004100000245009600041210006900137260000800206490000600214520247900220653001402699653003902713653002502752653001602777653002402793653003602817653001202853653002202865653002302887100001402910700001402924700001902938700001402957700001902971700001402990856012103004 2017 eng d00aNutty carbon: morphology replicating hard carbon from walnut shell for na ion battery anode0 aNutty carbon morphology replicating hard carbon from walnut shel cJUL0 v23 a
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Efficient Na ion intercalation/deintercalation in the semigraphitic lattice of a hard carbon derived from the walnut shell is demonstrated. High-temperature (1000 °C) pyrolysis of walnut shells under an inert atmosphere yields a hard carbon with a low surface area (59 m2 g–1) and a large interplanar c axis separation of 0.39–0.36 nm as compared to 0.32 nm for graphite, suitable for Na ion intercalation/deintercalation. A stable reversible capacity of 257 mAh g–1 is observed at a current density of 50 mA g–1 for such nutshell-derived carbon (NDC) with an impressive rate performance. No loss of electrochemical performance is observed for high current cycling (100 mA g–1 → 2 A g–1 → 100 mA g–1). Additionally, the NDC shows remarkably stable electrochemical performance up to 300 charge–discharge cycles at 100 mA g–1 with a minimal drop in capacity.

10aBatteries10aBiological and Medicinal chemistry10aBiological materials10adiffraction10aElectric Properties10aElectrode-electrolyte interface10aspectra10aSurface structure10aThermal properties1 aWahid, M.1 aGawli, Y.1 aPuthusseri, D.1 aKumar, A.1 aShelke, M., V.1 aOgale, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/nutty-carbon-morphology-replicating-hard-carbon-walnut-shell-na-ion-battery-anode02220nas a2200277 4500008004100000245009200041210006900133260000800202300001400210490000600224520132000230653001301550653002401563653001901587100002201606700001701628700001801645700002501663700002201688700002501710700001901735700002101754700002101775700002601796856012001822 2017 eng d00aTemplate -free assembly in living bacterial suspension under an external electric field0 aTemplate free assembly in living bacterial suspension under an e cMAR a1019-10240 v23 a

Although template-assisted self-assembly methods are very popular in materials and biological systems, they have certain limitations such as lack of tunability and switchable functionality because of the irreversible association of cells and their matrix components. With an aim to achieve more tunability, we have made an attempt to investigate the self-assembly behavior of rod-shaped living bacteria subjected to an external alternating electric field using confocal microscopy. We demonstrate that rod-shaped living bacteria dispersed in a low salinity aqueous medium form different types of reversible freely suspended structures when subjected to an external alternating electric field. At low field strength, an oriented phase is observed where individual bacterium orients with its major axis aligned along the field direction. At intermediate field strength, bacteria align in the form of one-dimensional (1D) chains that lie along the field direction. Further, at high field strength, more bacteria associate with these 1D chains laterally to form a two-dimensional (2D) array. At higher bacterial concentration, these field-induced 2D arrays extend to form three-dimensional columnar structures. These results are discussed in the context of previously reported studies on bacterial self-assembly.

10aBacteria10aElectric Properties10aSelf- Assembly1 aSamantaray, Kunal1 aBhol, Prachi1 aSahoo, Bhaban1 aBarik, Subrat, Kumar1 aJathavedan, Kiran1 aSahu, Bikash, Ranjan1 aRanjan, Bikash1 aSuar, Mrutyunjay1 aBhat, Suresh, K.1 aMohanty, Priti, Sunda uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/template-free-assembly-living-bacterial-suspension-under-external-electric-field