02606nas a2200301   4500008004100000022001400041245005400055210005200109260009800161300001200259490000600271520165300277653002001930653002101950653001301971653001801984653003802002653001102040100002402051700001802075700002102093700002002114700001902134700002202153700002102175700001902196856008902215       2008                        eng d  a1932-104X00aFurfural: hemicellulose/xylosederived biochemical0 aFurfural hemicellulosexylosederived biochemical  aTHE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLANDbJOHN WILEY & SONS LTDcSEP  a438-4540 v23 a<p>Hemicellulose, the second, most common polysaccharide in nature constitutes approximately 20-35% of lignocellulosic biomass. Effective utilization of biomass, hitherto underutilized, is gaining tremendous importance for the production of energy, fuels, and chemicals. Amongst the vast array of chemicals derived from lignocellulosics, furfural is the key chemical that finds wide applications in oil refining, plastics, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. There is no synthetic route for the production of furfural. A few conventional technologies currently in practice for its separation and subsequent isolation are appropriately reviewed. Major disadvantages associated with processes currently used for the production of furfural based on acid-catalyzed hydrolysis have been discussed. A need to develop a process which is devoid of all the shortcomings associated with conventional process is emphasized. Several important aspects of chemistry underlying the acid hydrolysis of xylose are discussed. The importance of myriad pre-treatment steps involved to surmount the physical and chemical barriers and to liberate xylose from the confines of acid-resistant layer of lignin has been emphasized. New developments in the production of furfural from cyclodehydration of xylose using solid acid catalysts in the recent past have been reviewed appropriately in present communication. Finally, the production of furfural and furfuryl alcohol, their domestic market and export in China deserve some coverage and therefore have appropriately been discussed as well. (c) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</p>10aacid hydrolysis10acyclodehydration10afurfural10aHemicellulose10apre-treatment of lignocellulosics10aXylose1 aMamman, Ajit, Singh1 aLee, Jong-Min1 aKim, Yeong-Cheol1 aHwang, In, Taek1 aPark, No-Joong1 aHwang, Young, Kyu1 aSan Chang, Jong-1 aHwang, Jin-Soo  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/furfural-hemicellulosexylosederived-biochemical-002097nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245013200055210006900187260009900256300001000355490000700365520113700372653002201509653002201531653001801553653001601571653002201587653001801609100002201627700002301649700001901672700002301691856012901714       2009                        eng d  a0144-861700aUtilization of sugarcane bagasse cellulose for producing cellulose acetates: novel use of residual hemicellulose as plasticizer0 aUtilization of sugarcane bagasse cellulose for producing cellulo  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcMAR  a23-290 v763 a<p>Sugarcane bagasse was fractionated to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin by a proprietary steam explosion process, followed by downstream purifications, developed in our laboratory. The fractionated cellulose contained similar to 94% cellulose, about similar to 5% hemicellulose, traces of lignin (similar to 0.2%), and similar to 1% ash. The cellulose was acetylated under heterogeneous conditions to obtain cellulose acetates. These were extensively characterized using FTIR, TGA, DSC, GPC, HPIC, WAXRD, and viscometry. The novel feature of this study was the utilization of the hemicellulose content (5%) of bagasse cellulose as an internal plasticizer. Through kinetic experimentation, we have demonstrated that the residual hemicellulose need not be considered as an impurity; rather it can be used in acetylated form as a plasticizer as well as a biodegradable additive for cellulose acetates made from slightly impure cellulose produced from non-wood origin. Our results therefore show how lignocellulosic agricultural wastes can be utilized to produce high value plastics. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aBagasse cellulose10aCellulose acetate10aHemicellulose10aPlasticizer10aSugarcane bagasse10aXylan acetate1 aShaikh, Hamid, M.1 aPandare, Kiran, V.1 aNair, Greeshma1 aVarma, Anjanikumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/utilization-sugarcane-bagasse-cellulose-producing-cellulose-acetates-novel-use-residual-001982nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260009900289300001400388490000800402520103100410653001801441653001201459653001801471653002601489653002501515100001801540700001801558700002101576700001401597856012901611       2010                        eng d  a0960-852400aBiocatalytic approach for the utilization of hemicellulose for ethanol production from agricultural residue using thermostable xylanase and thermotolerant yeast0 aBiocatalytic approach for the utilization of hemicellulose for e  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUL  a5366-53730 v1013 a<p>A hydrolysis of 62% and 50% for OSX (Oat spelt xylan) and WBH (Wheat bran hemicellulose) were obtained in 36 h and 48 h using Accellerase(TM) 1000 at 50 degrees C wherein thermostable xylanase from alkalothermophilic Thermomonospora sp. yielded 67% (OSX) in 3 h and 58% (WBH) in 24 h at 60 degrees C, favouring a reduction in process time and enzyme dosage. The rate of hydrolysis with thermostable xylanase was increased by 20% with the addition of nonionic surfactant tween 80 or biosurfactant sophorolipid. The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of OSX and WBH using thermostable xylanase and D. hansenii in batch cultures produced 9.1 g/L and 9.5 g/L of ethanol, respectively and had a shorter overall process time than the separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). The immobilized yeast cells in Ca-alginate matrix produced ethanol with a yield of 0.46 g/g from hemicellulosic hydrolysates and were reused six times with 100% fermentation efficiency. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aBiosurfactant10aEthanol10aHemicellulose10aThermostable xylanase10aThermotolerant yeast1 aMenon, Vishnu1 aPrakash, Gyan1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aRao, Mala  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biocatalytic-approach-utilization-hemicellulose-ethanol-production-agricultural-residue-001567nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260007100241300001400312490000600326520073200332653001301064653001801077653001901095653000901114653002801123653001201151100002301163700002901186856012201215       2013                        eng d  a2155-543500aEfficient, stable, and reusable silicoaluminophosphate for the one-pot production of furfural from hemicellulose0 aEfficient stable and reusable silicoaluminophosphate for the one  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcOCT  a2299-23030 v33 a<p>Development of stable, reusable, and water tolerant solid acid catalysts in the conversion of polysaccharides to give value-added chemicals is vital because catalysts are prone to undergo morphological changes during the reactions With the anticipation that silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) catalysts will have higher hydrothermal stability, those were synthesized, characterized, and employed in a one-pot conversion of hemicellulose. SAPO-44 catalyst at 170 degrees C within 8 h could give 63% furfural yield with 88% mass balance and showed similar activity up to at least 8 catalytic cycles. The morphological studies revealed that SAPO catalysts having hydrophilic characteristics are stable under reaction conditions.</p>10afurfural10aHemicellulose10ahydrophilicity10aSAPO10awater-tolerant catalyst10azeolite1 aBhaumik, Prasenjit1 aDhepe, Paresh, Laxmikant  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/efficient-stable-and-reusable-silicoaluminophosphate-one-pot-production-furfural-002356nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245011800055210006900173260010100242300001200343490000800355520142000363653002201783653001201805653001101817653001801828653001101846653002401857100002301881700002401904700002001928700002901948856012501977       2014                        eng d  a0974-362600aValue addition to lignocellulosics and biomass-derived sugars: an insight into solid acid-based catalytic methods0 aValue addition to lignocellulosics and biomassderived sugars an   aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbCatalysis Soc IndiacMAR  a373-3850 v1263 a<p>For the synthesis of important platform chemicals such as sugars (xylose and arabinose) and furans (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)) from carbohydrates (hemicellulose and fructose) solid acid catalysts are employed. Similarly, over solid acid catalysts, conversion of lignin into aromatic monomers is performed. It is observed that in the dehydration of fructose, because of higher hydrothermal stability, silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) catalysts give better activity (78% HMF yield) compared with other solid acid catalysts (&lt;63% HMF yield) at 175 degrees C. Particularly, SAPO-44 catalyst can be reused at least 5 times with marginal decrease in the activity. Zeolite, BUSY (Si/Al = 15) is active in the conversion of isolated (pure) hemicellulose to produce 41% C-5 sugars in water. The catalyst is also active in the selective conversion of hemicellulose from bagasse to yield 59% C-5 sugars. It is possible to obtain high yields of furfural (54%) directly from bagasse if instead of water, Water+toluene solvent system is used. Depolymerization of lignin using HUSY catalyst produced aromatic monomers with 60% yield at 250 degrees C. A detailed catalyst characterization study is performed to understand the correlation between catalyst activity and morphology. To understand the effect of impurities present in the substrate over solid acid catalysts, metal-exchange study is carried out.</p>10aaromatic monomers10aBiomass10afurans10aHemicellulose10alignin10asolid acid catalyst1 aBhaumik, Prasenjit1 aDeepa, Ayillath, K.1 aKane, Tanushree1 aDhepe, Paresh, Laxmikant  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/value-addition-lignocellulosics-and-biomass-derived-sugars-insight-solid-acid-based-001902nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245009300055210006900148260007300217300001000290490000800300520114400308653001201452653001301464653001801477653001201495653001101507100002301518700002901541856011401570       2015                        eng d  a0920-586100aEffects of careful designing of SAPO-44 catalysts on the efficient synthesis of furfural0 aEffects of careful designing of SAPO44 catalysts on the efficien  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAUG  a66-720 v2513 a<p>Considering the growing importance of furfural, it is necessary to develop a robust solid acid catalyst for the conversion of xylan (hemicelluloses) into furfural in a one-pot method. In this study, the effects of various components (Si, Al and P) and crystallization time on the preparation of acidic materials and their properties are extensively described. It is seen that with the increase in crystallization time (0, 48, 96, 176 h) during the synthesis of silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-44), materials morphology changes from amorphous to AFI to CHA and the best activity for furfural synthesis (82%) from xylan was observed with SAPO-44 catalyst aged for 176 h. Since, acidity in the SAPO-44 is guided by the incorporation of Si in the ALPO framework, study on Si molar concentration (0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 and 1.6) in SAPO-44 was carried out and it was observed that SAPO-44 having 1.0 mole of Si content is the best catalyst for the xylan/xylose conversion to furfural. Catalyst structure-activity correlation is thoroughly defined with the help of several physico-chemical properties. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aBiomass10afurfural10aHemicellulose10aSAPO-4410aXylose1 aBhaumik, Prasenjit1 aDhepe, Paresh, Laxmikant  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effects-careful-designing-sapo-44-catalysts-efficient-synthesis-furfural-0