01778nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245014900055210006900204260007300273300001200346490000800358520084100366653002101207653001401228653003701242653002201279653002501301653001901326100002101345700001601366700002201382856013201404       2005                        eng d  a0378-775300aPreparation and characterization of composite electrodes of coconut-shell-based activated carbon and hydrous ruthenium oxide for supercapacitors0 aPreparation and characterization of composite electrodes of coco  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcFEB  a198-2030 v1413 a<p>The relationship between the structure-specific capacitance (F g(-1)) of a composite electrode consisting of activated coconut-shell carbon and hydrous ruthenium oxide (RuOx(OH)(y)) has been evaluated by impregnating various amounts of RuOx(OH)(y) into activated carbon that is specially prepared with optimum pore-size distribution. The composite electrode shows an enhanced specific capacitance of 250 F g(-1) in 1 M H2SO4 with 9 wt.% ruthenium incorporated. Chemical and structural characterization of the composites reveals a homogeneous distribution of amorphous RuOx(OH)(y) throughout the porous network of the activated carbon. Electrochemical characterization indicates an almost linear dependence of capacitance on the amount of ruthenium owing to its pseudocapacitive nature. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aactivated carbon10aComposite10aElectrochemical characterization10apseudocapacitance10aspecific capacitance10asupercapacitor1 aDandekar, M., S.1 aArabale, G.1 aVijayamohanan, K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-and-characterization-composite-electrodes-coconut-shell-based-activated-carbon-001897nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260007400241300001400315490000700329520085600336653003701192653003501229653002601264653002001290653002801310100002001338700001701358700002301375700002101398700002201419700002401441700002601465856012801491       2009                        eng d  a0021-891X00aDesign of an "allsolid-state'' supercapacitor based on phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) electrolyte0 aDesign of an allsolidstate supercapacitor based on phosphoric ac  aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcJUL  a1097-11030 v393 a<p>The effectiveness of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole as a polymer electrolyte membrane to fabricate an all solid-state super capacitor has been explored using hydrous RuO(2)/carbon composite electrodes (20 wt.%) of surface area 250 m(2) g(-1) with many intrinsic advantages. The electrochemical evaluation of these super capacitors through cyclic voltammetry, charge/discharge and impedance measurements demonstrate the utility of this type of thin, compact and flexible supercapacitor capable of functioning at 150 degrees C to yield a maximum capacitance of about 290 F g(-1) along with a life of more than 1,000 cycles. A power density of 300 W kg(-1) and energy density of 10 Wh kg(-1) have been accomplished although the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of about 3.7 Omega needs to be reduced further for high rated applications.</p>10aElectrochemical characterization10aElectrochemical supercapacitor10aEnergy storage device10aPBI electrolyte10aRuO(2)/carbon composite1 aRathod, Dhanraj1 aVijay, Meenu1 aIslam, Md., Nazrul1 aKannan, Ramaiyan1 aKharul, Ulhas, K.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aPillai, Vijayamohanan  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/design-allsolid-state-supercapacitor-based-phosphoric-acid-doped-polybenzimidazole-pbi-0