02110nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260006800230300001400298490000700312520123700319653001701556653001401573653001501587653002001602653001001622653001401632100001901646700002501665700002401690700001901714856012301733 2005 eng d a0887-626600aPoly(acrylonitrile) ultrafiltration membranes. II. membrane morphology and permeation characteristics0 aPolyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membranes II membrane morpholo a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcAUG a2074-20850 v433 a

The rheology and phase-boundary characteristics of various solutions comprising three polyacrylonitrile (PAN) grades dissolved in solutions of N,N-dimethylformamide + salt (LiCl, ZnCl2, or AICl(3)) additives were correlated with the resulting membrane morphology as determined by microscopy and permeability measurements. The phase separation characteristics of the dope solution were not markedly affected by the PAN molecular weight (MW); however, they were affected by the salt additive. For higher MW grades, the effect of salt addition can also be masked by the increased self-association tendency of the polymer chains. PAN-B and -C membranes were clearly less asymmetric in structure than the lower MW PAN-Abased membranes. This is attributed to the higher viscosity/lower diffusivity of the PAN-13 and -C solutions, which results in slower solvent-nonsolvent exchange during the phase inversion process. Two factors reduce the incidence of surface defects (increased bubble points): (a) higher solution viscosity dampens surface perturbations during phase inversion, and (b) phase inversion pathways resulting in more homogenous morphology lead to membranes with higher bubble points. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10abubble point10amembranes10aMorphology10aphase inversion10asalts10aviscosity1 aPhadke, M., A.1 aKulkarni, Sudhir, S.1 aKarode, Sandeep, K.1 aMusale, D., A. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/polyacrylonitrile-ultrafiltration-membranes-ii-membrane-morphology-and-permeation-002067nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210006900157260006800226300001400294490000800308520117400316653003201490653001301522653001401535653002701549653002401576100002401600700002101624700002401645700002501669856013101694 2007 eng d a0021-899500aSwelling and mechanical behavior of modified poly(vinyl alcohol)/laponite nanocomposite membranes0 aSwelling and mechanical behavior of modified polyvinyl alcoholla a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcMAR a2896-29030 v1033 a

Nanocomposite (NC) membranes based on hydrophobically modified PVA and laponite were synthesized with varying laponite content in the feed. The incorporation of laponite in NC membranes was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The swelling ratio of membranes was determined as a function of temperature and laponite content. Swelling studies of NC membranes exhibited the decrease in swelling with an increase in laponite content in the NC membranes. The swelling ratio of NC membrane with 20% laponite slightly increased with an increase in temperature. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed the systematic increase in storage modulus with laponite content, which indicates the enhancement of mechanical property upon laponite addition. There was also a decrease in the tan 6 peak values of NC membranes with an increase in laponite content in NCs. The permeabilities through NC membranes as a function of solute size and laponite content were studied and the results showed molecular screening based on size. The permeability of solute reduced due to the presence of well-dispersed laponite in the NC. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10aDynamic mechanical analysis10alaponite10amembranes10ananocomposite hydrogel10apoly(vinyl alcohol)1 aNair, Shubhangi, H.1 aPawar, Kiran, C.1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash1 aBadiger, Manohar, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/swelling-and-mechanical-behavior-modified-polyvinyl-alcohollaponite-nanocomposite-membranes00833nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245011100055210006900166260007700235300001400312490000700326653001500333653001400348653001400362653001300376653002100389100002100410700002800431700003000459856012600489 2008 eng d a1433-785100aPolymer electrolyte fuel cells using nafion-based composite membranes with functionalized carbon nanotubes0 aPolymer electrolyte fuel cells using nafionbased composite membr aPO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcFEB a2653-26560 v4710afuel cells10amembranes10ananotubes10aPolymers10aproton transport1 aKannan, Ramaiyan1 aKakade, Bhalchandra, A.1 aPillai, Vijayamohanan, K. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/polymer-electrolyte-fuel-cells-using-nafion-based-composite-membranes-functionalized-002232nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245011000055210006900165260006800234300001400302490000800316520130500324653001901629653001401648653001501662653001601677653003301693100002701726700002501753700002201778700002401800700002601824856012801850 2008 eng d a0021-899500aSynthesis, characterization, and gas permeability of aromatic polyimides containing pendant phenoxy group0 aSynthesis characterization and gas permeability of aromatic poly a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcJUN a3881-38890 v1083 a

A diamine containing a pendant phenoxy group, 1-phenoxy-2,4-diaminobenzene, was synthesized and condensed with different aromatic dianhydrides [4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride, 3,3',4,4-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracorboxylic dianhydride, and pyromellitic dianhydride] by one-step synthesis at a high temperature in m-cresol to obtain polyimides in high yields. Most of the polyimides exhibited good solvent solubility and could be readily dissolved in chloroform, sym-tetrachloroethane, N,N-dimethylformamide, NN-dimethylacetamide, and nitrobenzene. Their inherent viscosities were in the range of 0.33-1.16 dL/g. Wide-angle X-ray spectra revealed that these polymers were amorphous in nature. All these polyimides were thermally stable, having initial decomposition temperatures above 500 degrees C and glass-transition temperatures in the range of 248-281 degrees C. The gas permeability of 4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride based polyimides was investigated with pure gases: He, H-2, O-2, Ar, N-2, CH4, and CO2. A polyimide containing a -C(CF3)(2)- linkage showed a good combination of permeability and selectivity. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10aGas permeation10amembranes10apolyimides10aselectivity10astructure-property relations1 aKothawade, Sandeep, S.1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, P.1 aKharul, Ulhas, K.1 aPatil, Anandrao, S.1 aVernekar, Subhash, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-characterization-and-gas-permeability-aromatic-polyimides-containing-pendant-002154nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245012500055210006900180260006800249300001400317490000800331520122500339653002101564653001401585653003101599653002301630653002401653653001401677100002101691700002301712700002101735700002101756856012301777 2010 eng d a0021-899500aNitrophenoxy groups containing polybenzimidazoles as polymer electrolytes for fuel cells: synthesis and characterization0 aNitrophenoxy groups containing polybenzimidazoles as polymer ele a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcSEP a3282-32920 v1173 a

Polybenzimidazoles containing different contents of pendant nitrophenoxy groups were prepared by condensation of 3,3'-diamino-benzidine with a mixture of 3,5-dicarboxyl-4'-nitro diphenyl ether and isophthalic acid (IPA) in different ratios in polyphosphoric acid. The polymers are soluble in polar aprotic solvents, they have inherent viscosities in the range of 0.75-1.10 dL g(-1) and they form tough and transparent films on solution casting. They have good thermal stability with initial decomposition temperature ranging from 380 to 416 degrees C in nitrogen, good tensile strength ranging from 56 to 65 MPa and reasonably good oxidative stability. Phosphoric acid uptake of these polymers is low compared with PBI and membranes doped with phosphoric acid exhibit good proton conductivity in the range of 6.6x 10(-3) to 1.9x 10(-2) S/cm at 25 degrees C and 1.2x 10(-2) to 4.9x 10(-2) S/cm at 175 degrees C, compared with 3.9x 10(-3) S/cm at 25 degrees C and 3.2x 10(-2) S/cm at 175 degrees C for PBI. These membranes are suitable for applications as polymer electrolyte for fuel cell and presumably for gas separation at high temperature. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 3282-3292, 2010

10aCharacterization10amembranes10apendant nitrophenoxy group10apolybenzimidazoles10aproton conductivity10asynthesis1 aKulkarni, Mahesh1 aPotrekar, Ravindra1 aKulkarni, R., A.1 aVernekar, S., P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/nitrophenoxy-groups-containing-polybenzimidazoles-polymer-electrolytes-fuel-cells-002267nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245022700055210006900282260006700351300001400418490000800432520115200440653001901592653002601611653001401637653002401651653002301675100002401698700002301722700002201745700002501767700002201792700002401814700002201838856012901860 2011 eng d a0021-899500aPolybenzimidazoles based on 3,3 `-diaminobenzidine and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids: synthesis and evaluation of physicochemical properties toward their applicability as proton exchange and gas separation membrane material0 aPolybenzimidazoles based on 33 diaminobenzidine and aliphatic di a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcAPR a1090-10990 v1203 a

A series of aromatic-aliphatic polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) based on 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with incremental -CH2- groups were synthesized. Optimization of synthesis parameters and evaluation of physicochemical properties are requisite for PBI applicability as the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and gas separation membrane materials are reported. It was found that though all these PBIs exhibited high thermal, mechanical, and oxidative stability, effect of added flexibility on physical properties is not monotonous. Membranes were prepared by solution casting as well as phase-inversion method. The later types of membranes exhibited much higher H3PO4 content than its doping achieved in the solution casted membranes. These PBIs possess low hydrogen and helium permeability than that of conventional PBI. This low permeability, along with their excellent oxidative stability indicated that they can be promising PEM materials. Their CO2-sorption analysis revealed that PBI6 based on suberic acid possesses appreciable CO2 sorption. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 1090-1099, 2011

10aGas permeation10amechanical properties10amembranes10aoxidative stability10apolybenzimidazoles1 aBhavsar, Rupesh, S.1 aNahire, Sandip, B.1 aKale, Mrunali, S.1 aPatil, Shubhangi, G.1 aAher, Pradnya, P.1 aBhavsar, Ritesh, A.1 aKharul, Ulhas, K. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/polybenzimidazoles-based-33-diaminobenzidine-and-aliphatic-dicarboxylic-acids-synthesis-001447nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245013900055210006900194260007500263300001400338490000700352520051100359653003200870653001900902653001400921653002600935653002000961100002300981700002701004700002001031700002201051856013201073 2016 eng d a0947-653900aChemically stable covalent organic framework (COF)-polybenzimidazole hybrid membranes: enhanced gas separation through pore modulation0 aChemically stable covalent organic framework COFpolybenzimidazol aPOSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcMAR a4695-46990 v223 a

Highly flexible, TpPa-1@PBI-BuI and TpBD@PBI-BuI hybrid membranes based on chemically stable covalent organic frameworks (COFs) could be obtained with the polymer. The loading obtained was substantially higher (50%) than generally observed with MOFs. These hybrid membranes show an exciting enhancement in permeability (about sevenfold) with appreciable separation factors for CO2/N-2 and CO2/CH4. Further, we found that with COF pore modulation, the gas permeability can be systematically enhanced.

10acovalent organic frameworks10aGas separation10amembranes10amicroporous materials10apore modulation1 aBiswal, Bishnu, P.1 aChaudhari, Harshal, D.1 aBanerjee, Rahul1 aKharul, Ulhas, K. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/chemically-stable-covalent-organic-framework-cof-polybenzimidazole-hybrid-membranes-enhanced01966nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245014600055210006900201260009900270300001000369490000700379520107700386653001901463653001401482653002801496100002601524700002101550700002801571700002201599856012701621 2016 eng d a0032-386100aIncorporation of rigid polyaromatic groups in polybenzimidazole-based polymeric ionic liquids: assertive effects on gas permeation properties0 aIncorporation of rigid polyaromatic groups in polybenzimidazoleb aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUN a30-360 v933 a

Polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) have emerged as promising membrane materials for CO2 separation. The present work is aimed at investigating the effects of incorporation of rigid polyaromatic hydrocarbons, viz., pyrene and anthracene, in polybenzimidazole-based PILs. The effects of substituent and anion variation on the gas permeation properties of PILs using pure gases were examined at 20 atm upstream pressure. The results were correlated with physical properties of PILs. The pyrene substituted PIL exhibited similar to 10 fold increase in CO2 permeability as compared to its precursor polymer PBI-BuI. The combination of a CO2 specific anion and bulky group substitution offered higher CO2 permeability as well as appreciable permselectivity than their structural analogue that was devoid of IL functionality. The permeation properties of present PILs were superior to those of conventional glassy polymers such as polysulfone, matrimid and polycarbonate which are widely studied for their gas permeation properties. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aGas permeation10amembranes10aPolymeric ionic liquids1 aShaligram, Sayali, V.1 aRewar, Anita, S.1 aWadgaonkar, Prakash, P.1 aKharul, Ulhas, K. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/incorporation-rigid-polyaromatic-groups-polybenzimidazole-based-polymeric-ionic-liquids02571nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260000900248300001000257490000700267520172200274653001501996653001902011653002802030653001402058653003302072100002102105700002602126700002202152700002802174856012702202 2018 eng d a0887-624X00aSynthesis, characterization, and gas permeation properties of adamantane-containing polymers of intrinsic microporosity0 aSynthesis characterization and gas permeation properties of adam cJAN  a16-240 v563 a

A new bis(catechol) monomer, namely, 4,4-((1r,3r)-adamantane-2,2-diyl)bis(benzene-1,2diol) (THADM) was synthesized by condensation of 2-adamantanone with veratrole followed by demethylation of the formed (1r,3r)-2,2-bis(3,4 dimethoxyphenyl)adamantane. Polycondensation of THADM and various compositions of THADM and 5,5,6,6-tetrahydroxy-3,3,3,3-tetramethylspirobisindane was performed with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFTPN) to obtain the homopolymer and copolymers. These polymers demonstrated good solubility in common organic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, and tetrahydrofuran and could be cast into tough films from their chloroform solutions. GPC analysis revealed that number average molecular weights of polymers were in the range 48,100-61,700 gmol(-1), suggesting the formation of reasonably high molecular weight polymers. They possessed intrinsic microporosity with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area in the range 703-741 m(2)g(-1). Thermogravimetric analysis of polymers indicated that 10% weight loss temperature was in the range 513-518 degrees C demonstrating their excellent thermal stability. THADM-based polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) showed P(CO2)=1080, P(O-2)=232 and appreciable selectivity [(CO2/CH4)=22.6, (CO2/N-2)=26.7, and (O-2/N-2)= 5.7]. The gas permeability measurements revealed that with increase in the content of adamantane units in PIMs, selectivity increased and permeability decreased, following the trade-off relationship. The gas separation properties of PIMs containing adamantane units were located close to 2008 Robeson upper bound for gas pairs such as CO2/CH4, CO2/N-2, H-2/N-2, and O-2/N-2. (c) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10aadamantane10aGas permeation10aintrinsic microporosity10amembranes10astructure-property relations1 aShrimant, Bharat1 aShaligram, Sayali, V.1 aKharul, Ulhas, K.1 aWadgaonkar, Prakash, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-characterization-and-gas-permeation-properties-adamantane-containing-polymers02158nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245011300055210006900168260000900237490000800246520143500254653001401689653002601703653004001729100002001769700002101789700002201810856013201832 2025 eng d a0021-899500aPoly(2,5-Benzimidazole) as a membrane material for solvent dehydration: effect of bound methanesulfonic acid0 aPoly25Benzimidazole as a membrane material for solvent dehydrati cNOV 0 v1423 a

Towards addressing issues of solvent stability of polymeric membrane materials for pervaporation (PV), this work investigates thermochemically robust poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI) bound with methane sulfonic acid (MSA) for solvent dehydration, for the first time to our knowledge. Phase inversion membranes with and without bound-MSA were prepared, thermally treated at different temperatures up to 350 degrees C, and analyzed for physical and pervaporation properties. The physical characterizations (FTIR, WAXD, TGA, XPS, SEM, and EDX) and sorption analysis were performed using flat sheet membranes, whereas hollow fiber membranes were used for the pervaporation analysis with chosen solvents (alcohols and two polar aprotic solvents). Physical characterizations established the presence of MSA and the nonporous, dense nature of membranes, irrespective of their treatment temperatures. The sorption of pure solvents in the membrane is primarily affected by thermal treatment of the membranes. The pervaporation analysis was performed using different solvent: Water feed compositions. Using 85:15 as the feed, the average separation factors for dehydration of isopropanol, acetonitrile, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were 393, 213, and 185, respectively, with an appreciable ``pervaporation separation index.'' The long-term membrane performance till 360 h was analyzed to shed light on practical applicability.

10amembranes10aseparation techniques10asynthesis and processing techniques1 aAlladi, Lavanya1 aLele, Ashish, K.1 aKharul, Ulhas, K. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/poly25-benzimidazole-membrane-material-solvent-dehydration-effect-bound-methanesulfonic-acid02205nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260000800221490000800229520133700237653002901574653003401603653000901637653001401646653002101660100002801681700002701709700001701736700002201753700002401775700002501799856012701824 2026 eng d a0021-899500aHigh-performance sultone-modified PVA/PAMPS semi-IPN hydrogels for proton exchange membranes0 aHighperformance sultonemodified PVAPAMPS semiIPN hydrogels for p cAPR0 v1433 a

Hydrogel membranes composed of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) and sultone-modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were successfully synthesized and evaluated as promising proton-conducting materials. A key advantage involves the premodification of PVA with 1,3-propane sultone to introduce sulfonic acid groups, thereby imparting proton conductivity to the PVA backbone. This sultone-modified PVA was then physically entangled within a PAMPS cross-linked network to form novel semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) hydrogels. This synergistic design leverages the excellent film-forming and mechanical properties of PVA with the high proton conductivity inherent to PAMPS. The synthesized membranes exhibited robust mechanical properties, with tensile strengths ranging from 5 to 30 MPa and percentage elongations between 200% and 400%, depending on their humidity content. These hydrogel membranes demonstrated proton conductivities ranging from 0.6 to 4.3 x 10-2 S cm-1. The activation energy for proton conduction was found to be as low as 3.5 kJ mol-1, significantly lower than that of the commercial benchmark membrane, Nafion 117 (12 kJ mol-1). These findings underscore the potential of these novel PAMPS/sultone-modified PVA semi-IPN hydrogel membranes for advanced fuel cell applications.

10abatteries and fuel cells10afunctionalization of polymers10aGels10amembranes10apolyelectrolytes1 aPatwadkar, Manjusha, V.1 aIllathvalappil, Rajith1 aTorris, Arun1 aFrancis, Sifa, C.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aBadiger, Manohar, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/high-performance-sultone-modified-pvapamps-semi-ipn-hydrogels-proton-exchange-membranes02201nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245017400055210006900229260000900298490000800307520140700315653001701722653001401739653002601753100002401779700002201803700002201825700002201847856012601869 2026 eng d a0021-899500aPoly(2,5-Benzimidazole)-based flat sheet membranes: investigating effects of dope solvent and membrane heat treatment on forward osmosis and acid enrichment performances0 aPoly25Benzimidazolebased flat sheet membranes investigating effe cMAR 0 v1433 a

The present work investigates two methods for preparing defect-free, symmetric membranes of the thermochemically robust polymer, poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (commonly known as ABPBI) for forward osmosis (FO), a growing technology for niche separations. The obtained polymer and membranes were analyzed for physical properties of significance. The FO analysis was performed using three salt solutions, viz., sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and sodium sulfate (Na2SO4). The effects of casting methodology (solvents present in the dope), membrane heat treatment, draw solution concentration, long-duration analysis, and FO-assisted enrichment of organic acids were evaluated. Some of the membranes exhibited extremely low reverse salt flux (RSF), which conveys the novelty of these membranes. Some of these membranes were analyzed using a high draw solution (DS) concentration (4 mol L-1) to enhance water flux and further employed to enrich organic acids. The aqueous acetic and methacrylic acid concentrations were enriched from 4.89 and 2.93 mol L-1 to 11.88 and 10.01 mol L-1, respectively. These results demonstrate an unmet need of concentrating methacrylic acid (a temperature-sensitive compound possessing a double bond). The present work demonstrates the potentials of ABPBI-based symmetric, thin membranes for FO and their industrial applicability for the first time.

10aApplications10amembranes10aseparation techniques1 aSomkuwar, Nitin, C.1 aThorat, Nitin, M.1 aAmbade, Ashootosh1 aKharul, Ulhas, K. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/poly25-benzimidazole-based-flat-sheet-membranes-investigating-effects-dope-solvent-and