01809nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245010000055210006900155260006700224300001400291490000700305520102000312653001401332653001501346653003001361653001901391653001001410100002701420700002301447856012101470       2015                        eng d  a0001-154100aEffect of interfacial mass transfer on the dispersion in segmented flow in straight capillaries0 aEffect of interfacial mass transfer on the dispersion in segment  a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcDEC  a4294-43080 v613 a<p>The effect of interfacial mass transfer on the extent of dispersion in liquid-liquid segmented flow in straight capillaries is studied. In the absence of interfacial mass transfer, dispersion coefficient was seen to go through a minimum with increasing flow rates. In the presence of mass transfer, physicochemical properties of both the phases and slug lengths were seen to vary along the capillary length. The extent of dispersion was always higher in the presence of interfacial mass transfer. The predictions using axial dispersion model deviated noticeably for larger capillaries as the model does not account for varying buoyancy, dynamic contacting, and Marangoni convection. Simulations of a first-order interfacial reaction considering varying slug lengths showed a significant change in optimum operating parameters than the conventional approach. A special case of drop-on-demand type of controlled two-phase flow in capillaries was also studied. (c) 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.</p>10acapillary10adispersion10ainterfacial mass transfer10asegmented flow10aslugs1 aDeshpande, Jaydeep, B.1 aKulkarni, Amol, A.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-interfacial-mass-transfer-dispersion-segmented-flow-straight-capillaries-002366nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245008600055210006900141260000800210300001200218490000700230520135200237653002901589653001801618653002001636653002101656653001901677100002201696700002701718700002101745700003201766700001601798700001501814700003001829700002301859700002801882700002601910856011601936       2021                        eng d  a2062-249X00aContinuous citrate-capped gold nanoparticle synthesis in a two-phase flow reactor0 aContinuous citratecapped gold nanoparticle synthesis in a twopha  cSEP  a553-5670 v113 aA continuous manufacturing platform was developed for the synthesis of aqueous colloidal 10-20 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in a flow reactor using chloroauric acid, sodium citrate and citric acid at 95 degrees C and 2.3 bar(a) pressure. The use of a twophase flow system - using heptane as the continuous phase - prevented fouling on the reactor walls, while improving the residence time distribution. Continuous syntheses for up to 2 h demonstrated its potential application for continuous manufacturing, while live quality control was established using online UV-Vis photospectrometry that monitored the particle size and process yield. The synthesis was stable and reproducible over time for gold precursor concentration above 0.23 mM (after mixing), resulting in average particle size between 12 and 15 nm. A hydrophobic membrane separator provided successful separation of the aqueous and organic phases and collection of colloidal Au NPs in flow. Process yield increased at higher inlet flow rates (from 70% to almost 100 %), due to lower residence time of the colloidal solution in the separator resulting in less fouling in the PTFE membrane. This study addresses the challenges for the translation of the synthesis from batch to flow and provides tools for the development of a continuous manufacturing platform for gold nanoparticles.10aContinuous manufacturing10aNanomaterials10aOnline analysis10aphase separation10asegmented flow1 aDamilos, Spyridon1 aAlissandratos, Ioannis1 aPanariello, Luca1 aRadhakrishnan, Anand, N. P.1 aCao, Enhong1 aWu, Gaowei1 aBesenhard, Maximilian, O.1 aKulkarni, Amol, A.1 aMakatsoris, Charalampos1 aGavriilidis, Asterios  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/continuous-citrate-capped-gold-nanoparticle-synthesis-two-phase-flow-reactor02149nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260000800219300001100227490000800238520134100246653003001587653002301617653001801640653001901658653002201677100001901699700001901718700002601737700002301763856012101786       2023                        eng d  a1385-894700aTransient response to perturbations in flow synthesis of citrate capped gold nanoparticles0 aTransient response to perturbations in flow synthesis of citrate  cAUG  a1438900 v4703 a<p>
	This work reports the transient behavior of continuous flow synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) when subjected to perturbations in operating conditions using controlled experiments. The intricacies are captured through a detailed mathematical model. Reversed Turkevich protocol was used for synthesis of Au NPs. The synthesis was first studied in batch mode to investigate the reaction kinetics and reproducibility of the process. The optimal set of operating conditions viz., residence time, flow rate, temperature was then used for flow synthesis in a 2 m, 1/16 &amp; DPRIME;Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) reactor with micromixer. Reactor clogging was avoided by using segmented flow. Inline UV measurement was used for real time monitoring of the process. Transient experiments were performed by abruptly changing the operating conditions. A mathematical model was found to be accurate in predicting the transient behavior of the exit precursor concentration and the particle size for unsteady state synthesis. Even a small change in process variables for short duration was found to disturb the quality of Au NPs for a significantly longer duration. Of the three operating parameters, the effect of temperature variation was seen to have a prolonged effect where the system remained in unsteady state for long time.</p>
10acontinuous flow synthesis10agold nanoparticles10aParticle size10asegmented flow10aUnsteady behavior1 aBari, Atul, H.1 aShukla, Neerja1 aGavriilidis, Asterios1 aKulkarni, Amol, A.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/transient-response-perturbations-flow-synthesis-citrate-capped-gold-nanoparticles