02324nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260007100233300001400304490000700318520141500325653001501740653001601755653002001771653002501791653001501816100002301831700002401854700002101878700002101899700002001920856013001940 2011 eng d a1535-389300aAssimilatory potential of helicoverpa armigera reared on host (chickpea) and nonhost (cassia tora) diets0 aAssimilatory potential of helicoverpa armigera reared on host ch a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcNOV a5128-51380 v103 a

Adaptation to plant allelochemicals is a crucial aspect of herbivore chemical ecology. To understand an insect ecology, we studied an effect of nonhost Cassia tora seed-based diet (Ct) on growth, development, and molecular responses in Helicoverpa armigera. We employed a comparative approach to investigate the proteomic differences in gut, hemolymph, and frass of H. armigera reared on a normal (chickpea seed-based, Cp) and Ct diet. In this study, a total of 46 proteins were identified by nano-LC-MS(E). Among them, 17 proteins were up-regulated and 29 proteins were down-regulated when larvae were exposed to the Ct diet. Database searches combined with GO analysis revealed that gut proteases engrossed in digestion, proteins crucial for immunity, adaptive responses to stress, and detoxification were down-regulated in the Ct fed larvae. Proteins identified in H. armigera hemolymph were found to be involved in defense mechanisms. Moreover, proteins found in frass of the Ct fed larvae were observed to participate in energy metabolism. Biochemical and quantitative real-time PCR analysis of selected candidate proteins showed differential gene expression patterns and corroborated with the proteomic data. Our results suggest that the Ct diet could alter expression of proteins related to digestion, absorption of nutrients, adaptation, defense mechanisms, and energy metabolism in H. armigera.

10aadaptation10aCassia tora10aGene expression10aHelicoverpa armigera10aproteomics1 aDawkar, Vishal, V.1 aChikate, Yojana, R.1 aGupta, Vidya, S.1 aSlade, Susan, E.1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/assimilatory-potential-helicoverpa-armigera-reared-host-chickpea-and-nonhost-cassia-tora-002593nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260007100221300001400292490000700306520162800313653001601941653001701957653001601974653001601990653001502006653002602021100002302047700002402070700002802094700002602122700002102148700002002169856012602189 2013 eng d a1535-389300aMolecular insights into resistance mechanisms of lepidopteran insect pests against toxicants0 aMolecular insights into resistance mechanisms of lepidopteran in a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcNOV a4727-47370 v123 a

Insect pests remain a major reason for crop loss worldwide despite extensive use of chemical insecticides. More than B 50% of all insecticides are organophosphates, followed by synthetic pyrethroids, organochlorines, carbamates, and biopesticides, and their continued use may have many environmental, agricultural, medical, and socioeconomic issues. Importantly, only a countable number of insects have acquired the status of crop pests, mostly due to monoculture of crop plants and polyphagous nature of the insects. We focus on A adaptations of Lepidopteran insects to phytochemicals and synthetic pesticides in native and modern agricultural systems. Because of heavy use of chemical insecticides, a strong selection pressure is imposed on insect populations, resulting in the emergence of resistance against candidate compound(s). Current knowledge suggests that insects generally implement a three-tier system to overcome the effect of toxic compounds at physiological, biochemical, and genetic levels. Furthermore, we have discussed whether the adaptation to phytochemicals provides an advantage to the insect while encountering synthetic insecticide molecules. Specific metabolic pathways employed by insects to convert deterrents into less toxic forms or their removal from the system are highlighted. Using the proteomics approach, insect proteins interacting with insecticides can be identified, and their modification in resistant insects can be characterized. Also, systems biology studies can offer useful cues to decipher the molecular networks participating in the metabolism of detrimental compounds.

10afield crops10ainsect-pests10ainsecticide10aLepidoptera10aproteomics10aresistance mechanisms1 aDawkar, Vishal, V.1 aChikate, Yojana, R.1 aLomate, Purushottam, R.1 aDholakia, Bhushan, B.1 aGupta, Vidya, S.1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/molecular-insights-resistance-mechanisms-lepidopteran-insect-pests-against-toxicants-001879nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260006300243300001200306490000600318520096300324653001401287653001001301653001501311100002501326700002301351700002401374700002101398700002201419700002701441700002501468856013201493 2013 eng d a1791-299700aProteomic study reveals downregulation of apolipoprotein A1 in plasma of poorly controlled diabetes: a pilot study0 aProteomic study reveals downregulation of apolipoprotein A1 in p aPOB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECEbSPANDIDOS PUBL LTDcFEB a495-4980 v73 a

Proteomic approaches aid in gaining a better understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic complications. In view of this, differential protein expression in diabetic plasma samples was studied by a combination of proteomic and western blot analyses. Diabetic plasma samples were categorized based on glycated haemoglobin levels as controlled diabetes (CD; 7-8%), poorly controlled diabetes (PCD; >8%) and non-diabetic control (ND;<6.4%). Two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed differential expression of proteins including upregulation of fibrinogen and haptoglobin and downregulation of vitamin D binding protein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, transthyretin and apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) in diabetic compared with non-diabetic plasma samples. Amongst these proteins, Apo A1 downregulation was prominent in PCD. Downregulation of Apo A1 may serve as an early predictive marker of diabetic complications.

10abiomarker10aHbA1c10aproteomics1 aBhonsle, Hemangi, S.1 aKorwar, Arvind, M.1 aChougale, Ashok, D.1 aKote, Sachin, S.1 aDhande, Nitin, L.1 aShelgikar, Kishore, M.1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, J. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/proteomic-study-reveals-downregulation-apolipoprotein-a1-plasma-poorly-controlled-diabetes-002477nas a2200325 4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260005700219300001400276490000700290520142400297653001201721653002001733653001501753653001101768653002001779100002001799700002001819700001701839700002501856700002101881700002001902700002201922700001901944700002501963700002101988700002202009856012002031 2014 eng d a0175-759800aProteomics of arsenic stress in the gram-positive organism Exiguobacterium sp PS NCIM 54630 aProteomics of arsenic stress in the grampositive organism Exiguo a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcAUG a6761-67730 v983 a

The general responses of microorganisms to environmental onslaughts are modulated by altering the gene expression pattern to reduce damage in the cell and produce compensating stress responses. The present study attempts to unravel the response of the Gram-positive Exiguobacterium sp. PS NCIM 5463 in the presence of [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] using comparative proteomics via two-dimension gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with identification of proteins using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI-TOF/MALDI-TOF/TOF). Out of 926 Coomassie-stained proteins, 45 were differentially expressed (p < 0.05). Considering the resolution and abundance level, 24 spots (peptides) were subjected to MALDI analysis, identified and categorised into several functional categories, viz., nitrogen metabolism, energy and stress regulators, carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis components and others. A functional role of each protein is discussed in Exiguobacterium sp. PS 5463 under arsenic stress and validated at their transcript level using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Unlike previous reports that unravel the responses toward arsenic stress in Gram-negative organisms, the present study identified new proteins under arsenic stress in a Gram-positive organism, Exiguobacterium sp. PS NCIM 5463, which could elucidate the physiology of organisms under arsenic stress.

10aArsenic10aExiguobacterium10aproteomics10aStress10aTranscriptomics1 aSacheti, Poonam1 aPatil, Rajendra1 aDube, Ankita1 aBhonsle, Hemangi, S.1 aThombre, Dipalee1 aMarathe, Sayali1 aVidhate, Ravindra1 aWagh, Priyanka1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, J.1 aRapole, Srikanth1 aGade, Wasudeo, N. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/proteomics-arsenic-stress-gram-positive-organism-exiguobacterium-sp-ps-ncim-546301971nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245010800055210006900163260008000232300002400312490000600336520115500342653001301497653002801510653001501538653001701553653001401570100002101584700001901605856012901624 2015 eng d a1664-302X00aQualitative and quantitative proteomic analysis of vitamin C induced changes in mycobacterium smegmatis0 aQualitative and quantitative proteomic analysis of vitamin C ind aPO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLANDbFRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATIONcMAY aArticle Number: 4510 v63 a

Vitamin C is a critical dietary nutrient in human which has a wide range of regulatory effects on gene expression and physiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that leads to a dormant drug-tolerant phenotype. In the presence of iron, vitamin C shows a high bactericidal activity even in the drug resistant phenotype of M. tuberculosis. The regulatory mechanisms underlying vitamin C induced adaptations are largely unknown due to lack of functional genomics data in this field. In this study, we attempt to characterize the direct effect of vitamin C treatment on the physiology of actively growing Mycobacterium smegmatis. The study chose M. smegmatis as it is a fast-growing bacterium and a non-pathogenic model system which shares many physiological features with the pathogenic M. tuberculosis including dormancy and its regulation. The proteomic adaptation of M. smegmatis on vitamin C treatment demonstrates the important changes in cellular and metabolic process such as reversal of tricarboxylic acid cycle, decrease in ATP synthesis, decrease in iron acquisition and storage, and induction of dormancy regulators WhiB3, PhoP, and Lsr2.

10adormancy10aMycobacterium smegmatis10aproteomics10atuberculosis10avitamin C1 aMishra, Abhishek1 aSarkar, Dhiman uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/qualitative-and-quantitative-proteomic-analysis-vitamin-c-induced-changes-mycobacterium-102747nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245014700055210006900202260006700271300001000338490000700348520180200355653001702157653002502174653002702199653001502226653001802241100002302259700002402282700002102306700002102327700002002348856012502368 2016 eng d a1672-960900aExpression of proteins involved in digestion and detoxification are regulated in helicoverpa armigera to cope up with chlorpyrifos insecticide0 aExpression of proteins involved in digestion and detoxification  a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcFEB a68-770 v233 a

Helicoverpa armigera is a key pest in many vital crops, which is mainly controlled by chemical strategies. To manage this pest is becoming challenging due to its ability and evolution of resistance against insecticides. Further, its subsequent spread on nonhost plant is remarkable in recent times. Hence, decoding resistance mechanism against phytochemicals and synthetic insecticides is a major challenge. The present work describes that the digestion, defense and immunity related enzymes are associated with chlorpyrifos resistance in H. armigera. Proteomic analysis of H. armigera gut tissue upon feeding on chlorpyrifos containing diet (CH) and artificial diet (AD) using nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified upregulated 23-proteins in CH fed larvae. Database searches combined with gene ontology analysis revealed that the identified gut proteins engrossed in digestion, proteins crucial for immunity, adaptive responses to stress, and detoxification. Biochemical and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of candidate proteins indicated that insects were struggling to get nutrients and energy in presence of CH, while at the same time endeavoring to metabolize chlorpyrifos. Moreover, we proposed a potential processing pathway of chlorpyrifos in H. armigera gut by examining the metabolites using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. H. armigera exhibit a range of intriguing behavioral, morphological adaptations and resistance to insecticides by regulating expression of proteins involved in digestion and detoxification mechanisms to cope up with chlorpyrifos. In these contexts, as gut is a rich repository of biological information; profound analysis of gut tissues can give clues of detoxification and resistance mechanism in insects.

10achlorpyrifos10aHelicoverpa armigera10ainsecticide resistance10aproteomics10areal-time PCR1 aDawkar, Vishal, V.1 aChikate, Yojana, R.1 aMore, Tushar, H.1 aGupta, Vidya, S.1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/expression-proteins-involved-digestion-and-detoxification-are-regulated-helicoverpa-002652nas a2200373 4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260006700266300001400333490000700347520139300354653001301747653002301760653001701783653000801800653003101808653001501839100002001854700001701874700002601891700002601917700002001943700002301963700002501986700001602011700001302027700003402040700002402074700002002098700001602118700002102134856012302155 2016 eng d a1467-764400aFusarium oxysporum mediates systems metabolic reprogramming of chickpea roots as revealed by a combination of proteomics and metabolomics0 aFusarium oxysporum mediates systems metabolic reprogramming of c a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcJUL a1589-16030 v143 a

Molecular changes elicited by plants in response to fungal attack and how this affects plant-pathogen interaction, including susceptibility or resistance, remain elusive. We studied the dynamics in root metabolism during compatible and incompatible interactions between chickpea and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (Foc), using quantitative label-free proteomics and NMR-based metabolomics. Results demonstrated differential expression of proteins and metabolites upon Foc inoculations in the resistant plants compared with the susceptible ones. Additionally, expression analysis of candidate genes supported the proteomic and metabolic variations in the chickpea roots upon Foc inoculation. In particular, we found that the resistant plants revealed significant increase in the carbon and nitrogen metabolism; generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lignification and phytoalexins. The levels of some of the pathogenesis-related proteins were significantly higher upon Foc inoculation in the resistant plant. Interestingly, results also exhibited the crucial role of altered Yang cycle, which contributed in different methylation reactions and unfolded protein response in the chickpea roots against Foc. Overall, the observed modulations in the metabolic flux as outcome of several orchestrated molecular events are determinant of plant's role in chickpea-Foc interactions.

10aChickpea10afusarium oxysporum10aMetabolomics10aNMR10aplant-pathogen interaction10aproteomics1 aKumar, Yashwant1 aZhang, Limin1 aPanigrahi, Priyabrata1 aDholakia, Bhushan, B.1 aDewangan, Veena1 aChavan, Sachin, G.1 aKunjir, Shrikant, M.1 aWu, Xiangyu1 aLi, Ning1 aRajmohanan, Pattuparambil, R.1 aKadoo, Narendra, Y.1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aTang, Huiru1 aGupta, Vidya, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/fusarium-oxysporum-mediates-systems-metabolic-reprogramming-chickpea-roots-revealed03089nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245013700055210006900192260000800261300001400269490000700283520219600290653001602486653001102502653001502513653001502528653002202543653001502565100002302580700002302603700002302626700002102649700002402670856012902694 2018 eng d a0022-114700aNutritional quality and antioxidant activity of wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) unwrap by proteome profiling and DPPH and FRAP assays0 aNutritional quality and antioxidant activity of wheatgrass Triti cAUG a2127-21390 v833 a

Precious contribution of plants in the field of medicine is very well known. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds and seedlings are an important source of food and feed due to the presence of various health-promoting compounds. Proteomic analysis of three seed developmental stages (0, 8, and 16 days after germination [DAG]) of wheat was carried out using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 297 proteins were identified and their functional annotation revealed that a majority of them were involved in preventing many diseases, oxidative stress, primary metabolism, storage, and energy related mechanisms. Particularly to mention, peroxidases, superoxide dismutases, and cytochromes are abundantly present in wheatgrass. In the ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay, antioxidant activity was increased by 1.55 times after 16 DAG as compared to 0 DAG, however it was decreased after 8 DAG. The antioxidant activity of the plant extracts by DPPH had an increasing trend after all the three time points. The percent radical scavenging activity of extract by DPPH was 15, 22, and 30 after 0, 8, and 16 DAG, respectively. Observations obtained revealed that antioxidant power of the plants is directly proportional to the age of seedlings. Data attained on wheatgrass showing that it can be a strong antioxidant agent due to its free radical scavenging activity and could be used in stress and nourishing human health. Practical ApplicationWheatgrass contains minerals, phytochemicals, active enzymes, and vitamins that can be easily absorbed. The consumption of wheatgrass juice can give better health benefits. Information about beneficial properties of wheat grass juice is clearly mentioned in this work.Proteins found in wheatgrass are known to be involved in preventing many diseases, oxidative stress, primary metabolism, storage, and energy-related mechanisms. Results of this work revealed that Triticum aestivum seedlings can act as an antioxidant agent due to their free radical scavenging activity and can be constructive to control or treat many health complications. From all these results we believed that wheatgrass can be used for the nourishment of humans.

10aAntioxidant10aLC-MSE10aperoxidase10aproteomics10aTriticum aestivum10awheatgrass1 aParit, Santosh, B.1 aDawkar, Vishal, V.1 aTanpure, Rahul, S.1 aPai, Sandeep, R.1 aChougale, Ashok, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/nutritional-quality-and-antioxidant-activity-wheatgrass-triticum-aestivum-unwrap-proteome03594nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245015600055210006900211260000800280300000800288490000700296520260300303653002102906653001102927653002102938653001502959653002102974653001802995100002503013700002003038700001903058700002703077700002603104700002703130700002203157856012503179 2019 eng d a1471-222900aFlower bud proteome reveals modulation of sex-biased proteins potentially associated with sex expression and modification in dioecious Coccinia grandis0 aFlower bud proteome reveals modulation of sexbiased proteins pot cJUL a3300 v193 a

BackgroundDioecy is an important sexual system wherein, male and female flowers are borne on separate unisexual plants. Knowledge of sex-related differences can enhance our understanding in molecular and developmental processes leading to unisexual flower development. Coccinia grandis is a dioecious species belonging to Cucurbitaceae, a family well-known for diverse sexual forms. Male and female plants have 22A+XY and 22A+XX chromosomes, respectively. Previously, we have reported a gynomonoecious form (22A+XX) of C. grandis bearing morphologically hermaphrodite flowers (GyM-H) and female flowers (GyM-F). Also, we have showed that foliar spray of AgNO3 on female plant induces morphologically hermaphrodite bud development (Ag-H) despite the absence of Y-chromosome.ResultsTo identify sex-related differences, total proteomes from male, female, GyM-H and Ag-H flower buds at early and middle stages of development were analysed by label-free proteomics. Protein search against the cucumber protein sequences (Phytozome) as well as in silico translated C. grandis flower bud transcriptome database, resulted in the identification of 2426 and 3385 proteins (FDR <= 1%), respectively. The latter database was chosen for further analysis as it led to the detection of higher number of proteins. Identified proteins were annotated using BLAST2GO pipeline. SWATH-MS-based comparative abundance analysis between Female_Early_vs_Male_Early, Ag_Early_vs_Female_Early, GyM-H_Middle_vs_Male_Middle and Ag_Middle_vs_ Male_Middle led to the identification of 650, 1108, 905 and 805 differentially expressed proteins, respectively, at fold change >= 1.5 and P <= 0.05. Ethylene biosynthesis-related candidates as highlighted in protein interaction network were upregulated in female buds compared to male buds. AgNO3 treatment on female plant induced proteins related to pollen development in Ag-H buds. Additionally, a few proteins governing pollen germination and tube growth were highly enriched in male buds compared to Ag-H and GyM-H buds.ConclusionOverall, current proteomic analysis provides insights in the identification of key proteins governing dioecy and unisexual flower development in cucurbitaceae, the second largest horticultural family in terms of economic importance. Also, our results suggest that the ethylene-mediated stamen inhibition might be conserved in dioecious C. grandis similar to its monoecious cucurbit relatives. Further, male-biased proteins associated with pollen germination and tube growth identified here can help in understanding pollen fertility.

10aCoccinia grandis10aDioecy10aPollen fertility10aproteomics10aSex modification10aStamen arrest1 aDevani, Ravi, Suresh1 aChirmade, Tejas1 aSinha, Sangram1 aBendahmane, Abdelhafid1 aDholakia, Bhushan, B.1 aBanerjee, Anjan, Kumar1 aBanerjee, Jayeeta uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/flower-bud-proteome-reveals-modulation-sex-biased-proteins-potentially-associated-sex03094nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245008000055210006900135260000800204300001200212490000700224520220800231653001402439653001602453653002002469653001302489653001502502653001202517100002002529700002302549700001702572700001902589700002002608700001802628700001802646700002202664856010602686 2021 eng d a1369-378600aOxidative stress induced by piperine leads to apoptosis in Candida albicans0 aOxidative stress induced by piperine leads to apoptosis in Candi cAPR a366-3780 v593 a

Candida albicans is a member of pathogens with potential drug resistance threat that needs novel chemotherapeutic strategies. Considering the multifarious biological activities including bioenhancer activity, anti-Candida potential of piperine was evaluated against planktonic/biofilm and hyphal growth of C. albicans alone or in combination as a synergistic agent with fluconazole. Piperine inhibits planktonic growth at or less than 15 mu g/ml, hyphae induction at 5 mu g/ml concentration, and exhibits stage-dependent activity against biofilm growth of a fluconazole-resistant strain of C. albicans (ATCC10231). Though piperine couldn't kill inoculum completely at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), it is fungicidal at higher concentrations, as shown in apoptosis assay. FIC index values indicate that piperine exhibits excellent synergistic activity with fluconazole against planktonic (0.123) and biofilm (0.215) growth of an FLC resistant strain. Mode of anti-Candida activity was studied by identifying piperine responsive proteins wherein the abundance of 25 proteins involved in stress response, signal transduction and cell cycle were modulated (22 up and 3 downregulated) significantly in response to piperine (MIC50). Modulation of the proteins involved suggests that piperine affectsmembrane integrity leading to oxidative stress followed by cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in C. albicans. Flow cytometry-basedmitochondrialmembrane potential (MMP), cell cycle and apoptosis assay, as well as real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of selected genes, confirms piperine induced oxidative stress (TRR1), cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (CaMCA1). Based on our results, we conclude that piperine inhibits planktonic and difficult-to treat-biofilm growth of C. albicans by affecting membrane integrity thereby inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Lay Abstract Piperine inhibit Candida albicans growth (planktonic and biofilm) significantly in our study. Piperine exhibits excellent synergistic potential with fluconazole The proteome analysis suggests that piperine induced membrane damage leads to oxidative stress followed by cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

10aApoptosis10aC. albicans10adrug resistance10apiperine10aproteomics10asynergy1 aThakre, Archana1 aJadhav, Vyankatesh1 aKazi, Rubina1 aShelar, Amruta1 aPatil, Rajendra1 aKharat, Kiran1 aZore, Gajanan1 aKaruppayil, Mohan uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/oxidative-stress-induced-piperine-leads-apoptosis-candida-albicans01874nas a2200337 4500008004100000022001400041245012900055210006900184260001100253300001100264490000700275520074300282653002601025653002001051653003101071653004201102653001501144100001701159700001901176700001901195700002101214700002001235700001701255700002701272700002001299700002401319700001801343700001701361700002701378856013101405 2021 eng d a2234-943X00aPlasma-derived extracellular vesicles reveal galectin-3 binding protein as potential biomarker for early detection of glioma0 aPlasmaderived extracellular vesicles reveal galectin3 binding pr cNOV 26 a7787540 v113 a{Gliomas are the most common type of the malignant brain tumor, which arise from glial cells. They make up about 40% of all primary brain tumors and around 70% of all primary malignant brain tumors. They can occur anywhere in the central nervous system (CNS) and have a poor prognosis. The average survival of glioma patients is approximately 6-15 months with poor aspects of life. In this edge, identification of proteins secreted by cancer cells is of special interest because it may provide a better understanding of tumor progression and provide early diagnosis of the diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from pooled plasma of healthy controls (n=03) and patients with different grades of glioma (Grade I or II or III10ablood-based biomarker10aearly detection10agalectin-3 binding protein10aplasma-derived extracellular vesicles10aproteomics1 aRana, Rashmi1 aChauhan, Kirti1 aGautam, Poonam1 aKulkarni, Mahesh1 aBanarjee, Reema1 aChugh, Parul1 aChhabra, Satnam, Singh1 aAcharya, Rajesh1 aKalra, Samir, Kumar1 aGupta, Anshul1 aJain, Sunila1 aGanguly, Nirmal, Kumar uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/plasma-derived-extracellular-vesicles-reveal-galectin-3-binding-protein-potential-biomarker02906nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245005000055210005000105260000900155300001100164490000800175520208100183653001202264653002102276653001402297653001002311653001502321653000702336653001502343100002202358700001802380700002102398700001802419700001702437700002002454700001802474700001802492856008202510 2022 eng d a1874-391900aProteomic profile of candida albicans biofilm0 aProteomic profile of candida albicans biofilm cAUG  a1046610 v2653 a

Candida albicans biofilms are characterized by structural and cellular heterogeneity that confers antifungal resistance and immune evasion. Despite this, biofilm formation remains poorly understood. In this study, we used proteomic analysis to understand biofilm formation in C. albicans related to morphophysiological and architectural features. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that 64 proteins were significantly modulated, of which 31 were upregulated and 33 were downregulated. The results indicate that metabolism (25 proteins), gene expression (13 proteins), stress response (7 proteins), and cell wall (5 proteins) composition are modulated. The rate of oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and biosynthesis of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, vitamin B6, and thiamine increased, while the rate of methionine biosynthesis decreased. There was a significant modification of the cell wall architecture due to higher levels of Sun41, Pir1 and Csh1 and increased glycosylation of proteins. It was observed that C. albicans induces hyphal growth by upregulating the expression of genes involved in cAMP-PKA and MAPK pathways. This study is significant in that it suggests an increase in OxPhos and alteration of cell wall architecture that could be contributing to the recalcitrance of C. albicans cells growing in biofilms. Nevertheless, a deeper investigation is needed to explore it further.Significance: Candida sps is included in the list of pathogens with potential drug resistance threat due to the increased frequency especially colonization of medical devices, and tissues among the patients, in recent years. Significance of our study is that we are reporting traits like modulation in cell wall composition, amino acid and vitamin biosynthesis and importantly energy generation (OxPhos) etc. These traits could be conferring antifungal resistance, host immune evasion etc. and thus survival, in addition to facilitating biofilm formation. These findings are expected to prime the further studies on devising potent strategy against biofilm growth among the patients.

10aBiofilm10aCandida albicans10aCell wall10aLC-MS10aMetabolism10aMS10aproteomics1 aAbdulghani, Mazen1 aIram, Rasiqua1 aChidrawar, Priti1 aBhosle, Kajal1 aKazi, Rubina1 aPatil, Rajendra1 aKharat, Kiran1 aZore, Gajanan uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/proteomic-profile-candida-albicans-biofilm