01800nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245007500055210006900130260008600199300001400285490000800299520101500307653001901322653002401341653002101365653002001386653001401406653001201420100001601432700001601448856010601464 2005 eng d a1060-132500aSynthesis and biodegradability of polyaspartic acid: a critical review0 aSynthesis and biodegradability of polyaspartic acid a critical r a325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USAbTAYLOR & FRANCIS INCcSEP a1299-13150 vA423 a

Poly(aspartic acid) (PAA) being biodegradable is suitable for various industrial medical and agricultural applications to replace many non-biodegradable polymers in use. Poly(aspartic acid) can be synthesized by different methods with and without catalyst in different forms such as polysuccinimide, either hydrolyzed to acid or salt. The polymer of (aspartic acid) is present in different forms such as alpha, beta and L, D isomers. The conformational analysis of poly(aspartic acid) was done by various analytical methods. Different combinations of these two isomer present in different percentage can be detected by various methods such as Hoffman degradation, IR, and NMR spectroscopic analysis. From the standard test for biodegrad ability, it was shown that the polymer is fully biodegradable. In this review, synthesis and characterization of homo and copolymer derivatives of PAA, along with the application and biodegradability in comparison with the other polymer in use, is discussed briefly.

10aBiodegradation10apoly(aspartic acid)10aPolycondensation10apolysuccinimide10asynthesis10athermal1 aThombre, SM1 aSarwade, BD uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-biodegradability-polyaspartic-acid-critical-review-002001nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260006800207300001200275490000700287520113000294653002201424653001601446653002201462653002101484653001501505100002501520700002001545700002201565700001801587700002501605856011701630 2005 eng d a0021-899500aThermal degradation kinetics of polyesters containing mesogenic aromatic diols0 aThermal degradation kinetics of polyesters containing mesogenic  a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcAUG a784-7920 v973 a

A series of polyesters were synthesized by reacting structurally differing aromatic diols with either saturated (flexible) or unsaturated (rigid) dicarboxylic acid halide by a stirred interfacial polycondensation technique. Thermal degradation kinetics of these polyesters were investigated by applying Coats-Redfern and Horowitz-Metzger nonisothermal procedures. The dynamic thermogravimetry experiments were conducted in nitrogen to obtain differential thermogravimetric plots. Thermal stability of these polyesters was discussed on the basis of semiquantitative methods such as differential procedural decomposition temperature, integral procedural decomposition temperature, and fraction decomposition temperature (e.g., 10 % DT). Degradation proceeded in multiple stages. The thermal degradation patterns and activation energies in these stages were discussed in relation to central bridging moieties of aromatic diol. The activation energies of these polyesters were found to be in the range of 100 to 200 kJ/mol. The effect of spacer type on activation energy was also reported. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10aActivation energy10aDegradation10akinetics (polym.)10aPolycondensation10apolyesters1 aMule, Smita, Atmaram1 aGhadage, R., S.1 aJacob, Nalini, E.1 aRajan, C., R.1 aPonrathnam, Surendra uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/thermal-degradation-kinetics-polyesters-containing-mesogenic-aromatic-diols-002179nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260006800239300001400307490000700321520131700328653001001645653002401655653001801679653002101697653001801718653002201736653001801758100001401776700001901790856012801809 2008 eng d a0887-624X00aSolvent-free and nonisocyanate melt transurethane reaction for aliphatic polyurethanes and mechanistic aspects0 aSolventfree and nonisocyanate melt transurethane reaction for al a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcAPR a2445-24580 v463 a

A novel melt transurethane polycondensation route for polyurethanes under solvent-free and nonisocyanate condition was developed for soluble and thermally stable aliphatic or aromatic polyurethanes. The new transurethane process was investigated for A + 13, A-A + B, and A-A + B-B (A-urethane and B-hydroxyl) type condensation reactions, and also monomers bearing primary and secondary urethane or hydroxyl functionalities. The transurethane process was confirmed by H-1 and C-13 NMR, and molecular weight of the polymers were obtained as M-n = 10-15 X 10(3) and M-w = 15-45 X 10(3) g/mol. The mechanistic aspects of the melt transurethane process and role of the catalyst were investigated using model reactions, H-1 NMR, and MALDI-TOF-MS. The model reactions indicated the occurrence of 97% reaction in the presence of catalyst, whereas its absence gave only less than 2% of the product. The polymer samples were subjected for end-group analysis using MALDI-TOF-MS, which confirms the Ti-catalyst mediated nonisocyanate pathway in the melt transurethane process. Almost all the polyurethanes were stable up to 280 degrees C, and the T-g of the polyurethanes can be easily fine-tuned from -30 to 120 degrees C by using appropriate diols in the melt transurethane process. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10aMALDI10amelt polymerization10anonisocyanate10aPolycondensation10apolyurethanes10athermal stability10atransurethane1 aDeepa, P.1 aJayakannan, M. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/solvent-free-and-nonisocyanate-melt-transurethane-reaction-aliphatic-polyurethanes-and-002698nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245014400055210006900199260007600268300001400344490000800358520162000366653001401986653003102000653003702031653003002068653002102098653002302119100002902142700002302171700003002194700002402224700002702248700002802275856011702303 2011 eng d a0021-899500aPoly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s containing cardo decahydronaphthalene groups: synthesis and characterization0 aPolyether ether ketones and polyether ether ketone ketones conta aCOMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcNOV a1607-16130 v1223 a

New poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly (ether ether ketone ketone) s were synthesized by polycondensation of each of the three bisphenols, viz., 4,4'-(octahydro-2(1H)-naphthylidene) bisphenol, 4,4'-(octa-hydro-2(1H)-naphthylidene) bis-3-methylphenol, and 4,4'(octahydro-2(1H)-naphthylidene) bis-3,5-dimethylphenol with 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone and 1,3-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl) benzene in a mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide and toluene [1 : 1 (v/v)] in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate. Inherent viscosities of poly(ether ether ketone) s and poly (ether ether ketone ketone) s were in the range 0.32-0.80 dL/g and number-average molecular weights were in the range 16,100-55,900 g/mol. Poly(ether ether ketone) s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone) s were soluble in organic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, meta-cresol, pyridine, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone at room temperature and could be cast into tough, transparent, and flexible films from their chloroform solutions. Wide angle x-ray diffraction measurements revealed the amorphous nature of poly(ether ether ketone) s and poly (ether ether ketone ketone) s. The glass transition temperature poly(ether ether ketone) s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone) s were in the range 185-251 degrees C. The temperature at 10% weight loss, determined from thermogravimetric analysis, of poly(ether ether ketone) s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone) s in nitrogen atmosphere was in the range 462-493 degrees C indicating their good thermal stability. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 1607-1613, 2011

10abisphenol10acardo decahydronaphthalene10apoly(ether ether ketone ketone)s10apoly(ether ether ketone)s10aPolycondensation10aThermal properties1 aHonkhambe, Pandurang, N.1 aPasale, Sharad, K.1 aBhairamadgi, Nagendra, S.1 aKumbhar, Kishor, P.1 aSalunkhe, Manikrao, M.1 aWadgaonkar, Prakash, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/polyether-ether-ketones-and-polyether-ether-ketone-ketones-containing-cardo-002333nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245011800055210006900173260008700242300001200329490000700341520139100348653003001739653002101769653001401790653002601804653003101830100002801861700002201889700002101911700002801932856013101960 2013 eng d a0954-008300aNew organosoluble aromatic poly(esterimide)s containing pendent pentadecyl chains: synthesis and characterization0 aNew organosoluble aromatic polyesterimides containing pendent pe a1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLANDbSAGE PUBLICATIONS LTDcNOV a735-7430 v253 a

A new diimide dicarboxylic acid, namely 2,2-(4-pentadecyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1,3-dioxoisoindoline-5-carboxylic acid), containing preformed imide rings and pentadecyl chain, was synthesized by the reaction of 4-pentadecylbenzene-1,3-diamine with trimellitic anhydride. A series of new aromatic poly(esterimide)s (PEIs) was synthesized using diphenylchlorophosphate-activated direct polycondensation of 2,2-(4-pentadecyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1,3-dioxoisoindoline-5-carboxylic acid), with five commercially available bisphenols, namely 4,4-isopropylidenediphenol (I), 4,4-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol (II), 4,4-oxydiphenol (III), 4,4-biphenol (IV), and 4,4-(9-fluorenylidene)diphenol (V) in the presence of pyridine and lithium chloride. Inherent viscosities of PEIs were in the range 0.54-0.83dLg(-1) in chloroform (CHCl3) at 30 +/- 0.1 degrees C. PEIs containing pendent pentadecyl chains were soluble in organic solvents such as CHCl3, m-cresol, N, N-dimethylacetamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, pyridine, and nitrobenzene. Tough, transparent, and flexible films of PEIs could be cast from their CHCl3 solutions. PEIs exhibited glass transition temperature in the range 145-198 degrees C. The temperature at 10% weight loss of PEIs, determined by thermogravimetric analysis under the nitrogen atmosphere, was in the range of 450-470 degrees C indicating good thermal stability.

10apendent pentadecyl chains10aPolycondensation10aPolyimide10aPreformed imide rings10aThermogravimetric analysis1 aSadavarte, Nilakshi, V.1 aPatil, Sachin, S.1 aAvadhani, C., V.1 aWadgaonkar, Prakash, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/new-organosoluble-aromatic-polyesterimides-containing-pendent-pentadecyl-chains-synthesis-002286nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245015000055210006900205260008700274300001200361490000700373520120900380653001301589653001401602653001301616653003701629653003001666653002101696653002301717100002901740700002601769700002601795700002701821700002801848856013201876 2013 eng d a0954-008300aSynthesis and characterization of poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone) s containing pendant biphenyl and naphthyl groups0 aSynthesis and characterization of polyether ether ketones and po a1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLANDbSAGE PUBLICATIONS LTDcMAY a260-2670 v253 a

New poly(ether ether ketone)s (PEEKs) and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s (PEEKKs) containing pendant biphenyl and naphthyl groups were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of each of the four bisphenols viz., 1-(4- biphenylyl)- 1,1- bis(4- hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1-(4- biphenylyl)- 1,1- bis(3- methyl, 4- hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 4,4'-[1-(2- naphthalenyl) ethylidene] bis-phenol and 4,4'-[1-(2- naphthalenyl) ethylidene] bis-3-methylphenol with 4,4'- difluorobenzophenone and 1,3- bis(4- fluorobenzoyl) benzene in a solvent mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide and toluene in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate. Inherent viscosities and number-average molecular weights of polymers were in the range of 0.42-0.86 dl/g and 2.40-7.55 x 10(4), respectively. PEEKs and PEEKKs were amorphous in nature and were readily soluble in a wide range of organic solvents and could be cast into flexible and tough films from chloroform solution. Glass transition temperature of PEEKs and PEEKKs were in the range of 180 degrees C -200 degrees C. T-10 values of PEEKs and PEEKKs were in the range of 424 degrees C-512 degrees C in nitrogen atmosphere, indicating their good thermal stability.

10abiphenyl10abisphenol10anaphthyl10apoly(ether ether ketone ketone)s10apoly(ether ether ketone)s10aPolycondensation10aThermal properties1 aHonkhambe, Pandurang, N.1 aDhamdhere, Neelam, A.1 aTawade, Bhausaheb, V.1 aSalunkhe, Manikrao, M.1 aWadgaonkar, Prakash, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-characterization-polyether-ether-ketones-and-polyether-ether-ketone-ketone-s-002168nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260007400248300000800322490000700330520121400337653002401551653002801575653001501603653002101618653001901639653002301658100002601681700002601707700002201733700002801755856013101783 2014 eng d a1022-976000aProcessable aromatic polyesters based on bisphenol derived from cashew nut shell liquid: synthesis and characterization0 aProcessable aromatic polyesters based on bisphenol derived from  aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcNOV a6170 v213 a

A new bisphenol viz., 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3-pentadecylphenol (HPPDP) was synthesized starting from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). Aromatic (co)polyesters containing ether linkages in the main chain and pendent pentadecyl chains were synthesized by the interfacial polycondensation of HPPDP with terephthalic acid chloride (TPC), isophthalic acid chloride (IPC) and a mixture of TPC and IPC (50: 50 mol %) and by polycondenation of varying composition of HPPDP and bisphenol-A (BPA) with TPC. The resultant (co) polyesters exhibited inherent viscosities in the range 0.70-1.21 dL g(-1) and number-average molecular weights in the range 16,000-48,200 (GPC, polystyrene standard). Polyesters were soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform and dichloromethane and could be cast into films from chloroform solution. Polyesters exhibited T-10 values in the range 430-455 degrees C and Tg values were in the range 29-202 degrees C. Dynamic mechanical storage modulus and maximum on transition of tan delta curve decreased with increased content of HPPDP in copolyesters. Importantly, the large difference between Tg and T-10 values offers the possibility to process these polyesters in the melt.

10aAromatic polyesters10aCashew nut shell liquid10apentadecyl10aPolycondensation10aprocessability10aThermal properties1 aTawade, Bhausaheb, V.1 aSalunke, Jagadish, K.1 aSane, Prakash, S.1 aWadgaonkar, Prakash, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/processable-aromatic-polyesters-based-bisphenol-derived-cashew-nut-shell-liquid-synthesis-002343nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245015600055210006900211260000900280300001400289490000700303520134000310653005801650653002101708653002801729653002601757653001701783100001701800700002001817700001901837700001801856700001801874700003101892700002001923856012201943 2025 eng d a1060-132500aAn improved one-pot synthesis of polydichlorophosphazene from ammonium sulfate and phosphorus pentachloride and assessment of its stability in solution0 aimproved onepot synthesis of polydichlorophosphazene from ammoni cNOV  a1016-10260 v623 a

Polyphosphazenes, with their synthetic flexibilities, can be tailored to achieve various desirable properties. The synthesis of basic linear polymer polydichlorophosphazene (PDCP) free of branching and crosslinking is the most challenging step, and its extreme sensitivity to moisture makes storage and handling difficult. In the reaction of (NH4)2SO4and PCl5 (1:4.5 mole ratio) via one-pot two-step method, the monomer [Cl3PNP(O)Cl2] synthesized from the 1st step directly undergoes bulk polycondensation (2nd step) to produce PDCP. Due to impurities, the produced PDCP is afflicted by frequent branching, cyclic oligomers, and crosslinking. We are reporting an improved one-pot synthesis coupled with an in-situ purification step of the monomer (as confirmed by 31P NMR) with little excess PCl5 in mole ratio (1:4.6-1:4.8). Further, the stability of PDCP and its solutions in toluene and THF have been examined under an inert atmosphere at three different temperatures: room temperature, 0 degrees C-4 degrees C, and -25 degrees C. These stored samples were monitored for cross-linking, gelling, or any other degradation by characterizing through 31P NMR for the appearance of additional peaks. The PDCP can be stored at -25 degrees C for 2 months (pure) and 4 months (toluene) without any deterioration in its structure.

10aP-trichloro-N-(dichloromonophosphoryl)monophosphazene10aPolycondensation10aPolydichlorophosphazene10astability in solution10astorage life1 aYadav, Abhay1 aYadav, Prashant1 aNewale, S., P.1 aSrivastav, V.1 aSingh, A., P.1 aShanmuganathan, Kadhiravan1 aSikder, Nirmala uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/improved-one-pot-synthesis-polydichlorophosphazene-ammonium-sulfate-and-phosphorus