02499nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245016100055210006900216260006900285300001200354490000800366520146200374653003801836653003001874653001901904653002301923653003601946653002001982100001802002700002002020700002202040700002502062700002402087856012202111       2009                        eng d  a0254-058400aDoping-induced microstructural, textural and optical properties of In2Ti1-xVxO5+delta semiconductors and their role in the photocatalytic splitting of water0 aDopinginduced microstructural textural and optical properties of  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcOCT  a399-4070 v1173 a<p>The physicochemical properties of V-doped indium titanates (In2Ti1-xVxO5-delta, 0.0 &lt;= x &lt;= 0.2) were investigated by using XPS, powder XRD, UV-vis, SEM and luminescence spectroscopy techniques. The Rietveld refinement of XRD data revealed that even though the V-containing samples were isostructural with In2TiO5 (orthorhombic space group Pnma), a systematic x-dependent variation was noticeable in the Ti-O bond lengths in [TiO6] octahedral units, cell parameters and in the value of delta. XPS results confirmed the coexistence of V5+ and V4+ states, leading thereby to an enhancement in oxygen non-stoichiometry in the doped samples. A loading-dependent progressive shift from 400 to 750 nm was also observed in the onset of the absorption edge, indicating a significant narrowing of the band gap. Furthermore, the samples with higher V-content were comprised of the grain clusters having larger size and an irregular shape. The UV-vis. photoluminescence and thermoluminescence studies indicate that the doping-induced lattice defects may give rise to certain closely spaced acceptor/donor energy levels in between the band gap of host matrix. The indium titanates are found to serve as stable photocatalysts for water splitting under visible light, where oxygen was the major reaction product. The role of microstructural and morphological properties in the photocatalytic activity is discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aIn2Ti1-xVxO5+delta photocatalysts10aLuminescence spectroscopy10aMicrostructure10aOptical properties10aStructure-activity relationship10awater splitting1 aShah, Pallavi1 aBhange, Deu, S.1 aDeshpande, Aparna1 aKulkarni, Mukund, S.1 aGupta, Narendra, M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/doping-induced-microstructural-textural-and-optical-properties-in2ti1-xvxo5delta-002020nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245016600055210006900221260010600290300001400396490000700410520109600417653002501513653002401538653001901562653002701581653002001608100002201628700002401650856012801674       2010                        eng d  a0360-319900aCritical role of particle size and interfacial properties in the visible light induced splitting of water over the nanocrystallites of supported cadmium sulphide0 aCritical role of particle size and interfacial properties in the  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcAPR  a3287-32960 v353 a<p>CdS crystallites of varying size (1 to 5.0 nm) were successfully deposited on the surfaces of polyester and activated charcoal. The size and the texture of these crystallites depended on CdS loading and also on the substrate morphology. These highly dispersed photocatalysts displayed a pyramidal trend in activity for visible light induced splitting of water molecules, similar to that reported for the heterogeneous catalytic reactions over supported noble metals. Thus, the CdS particles of similar to 2.5 nm size gave rise to maximum rate of H(2) evolution as compared to the particles of either smaller or of larger size. The particles of &lt;1.5 nm diameter were of poor crystallinity and displayed a significant Q-size effect on the absorption edge. Our study provides direct evidence for the structure sensitivity of photocatalytic dissociation of water over supported semiconductor nanocrystallites, where the particle size and the interfacial microstructural defects played a vital role. (C) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCdS nanocrystallites10aInterfacial defects10aPhotocatalysis10aStructural sensitivity10awater splitting1 aDeshpande, Aparna1 aGupta, Narendra, M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/critical-role-particle-size-and-interfacial-properties-visible-light-induced-splitting-002206nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260010600219300001400325490000700339520123800346653001901584653001801603653001601621653002001637653002201657100002801679700001701707700002201724700002601746700001801772700002401790856012601814       2010                        eng d  a0360-319900aInfluence of zeolitic structure on photoreduction property and hydrogen evolution reaction0 aInfluence of zeolitic structure on photoreduction property and h  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcMAR  a1911-19200 v353 a<p>A new photocatalytic material developed by supporting TiO(2) in combination with transition metal ion like cobalt and heteropolyacid (HPA) on the surface is facilitating enhanced photoreduction of water and methyl orange Zeolites being a solid acid play an important role in the electron transfer reaction, facilitated by the Lewis acid sites in the form of aluminium ions In the present work, four different zeolite matrices namely, NaY zeolite, ultrastable zeolite Y, beta zeolite and titanium silicate-1 have been used for the synthesis of new photocatalytic materials These materials have been evaluated for water splitting by an initial screening procedure using methyl orange photoreduction The photocatalyst containing Na Y has emerged as a potential photocatalyst with hydrogen evolution rate of 2730 mu mol/h/g of TiO(2) Hydrogen evolution was not observed for the composite photocatalysts synthesized using the other zeolite matrices It has been observed that physicochemical properties like Si/Al ratio, acidity and basicity of the zeolite support have a tremendous influence on the photoreduction property of these zeolite matrices (C) 2010 Professor T Nejat Veziroglu Published by Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved</p>10aH(2) evolution10aLewis acidity10aSi/Al ratio10awater splitting10aZeolite structure1 aChatti, Ravikrishna, V.1 aDubey, Nidhi1 aJoshi, Meenal, V.1 aLabhsetwar, Nitin, K.1 aJoshi, P., N.1 aRayalu, Sadhana, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-zeolitic-structure-photoreduction-property-and-hydrogen-evolution-reaction-001906nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245011800055210006900173260010600242300001400348490000700362520106600369653001101435653002401446653001901470653001801489653002001507100002101527700001801548856012201566       2012                        eng d  a0360-319900aFactors affecting the production of H-2 by water splitting over a novel visible-light-driven photocatalyst GaFeO30 aFactors affecting the production of H2 by water splitting over a  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcMAR  a4897-49070 v373 a<p>A d(10) photocatalyst, GaFeO3 having a band gap of similar to 2.7 eV, exhibits significant activity for the overall splitting of water under visible light (&gt;395 nm) irradiation, in the absence of sacrificial reagent or a noble metal co-catalyst. The doping of an anion led to considerable enhancement in activity, the S-doped catalysts displaying better activity compared to the samples containing nitrogen. Even though the H-2/O-2 yields were affected by preparation-dependent grain morphology, no direct relationship was observed between the photoactivity of a sample and its specific surface area. The techniques of HRTEM, SEM, XPS, Laser Raman, UV-visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy have enabled to demonstrate that, besides the grain morphology, certain lattice imperfections and microstructure may also play a crucial role in water splitting activity of a photocatalyst. The factors responsible for catalyst deactivation are examined. Copyright (C) 2011, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aGaFeO310ahydrogen production10aMicrostructure10aPhotocatalyst10awater splitting1 aDhanasekaran, P.1 aGupta, N., M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/factors-affecting-production-h-2-water-splitting-over-novel-visible-light-driven-002674nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245011200055210006900167260007700236300001200313490000600325520169700331653002802028653001302056653002502069653001902094653002002113100003302133700002502166700001602191700001502207700002702222700003002249856012902279       2014                        eng d  a1867-388000aDisordered mesoporous TiO2-xNx+Nano-Au: an electronically integrated nanocomposite for solar H-2 generation0 aDisordered mesoporous TiO2xNxNanoAu an electronically integrated  aBOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcFEB  a522-5300 v63 a<p>We report on H-2 generation by photocatalysis driven by simulated white light by electronically integrated Au nanoparticles with multifunctional, disordered mesoporous TiO2-xNx (Au-NT) nanocomposites. Solar H-2 generation (1.5 mmolh(-1)g(-1)) from aqueous methanol has been demonstrated with Au-NT nanocomposites. The water splitting activity of Au-NT is attributed to the 21.1 ps lifetime of charge carriers observed from fluorescence lifetime measurements, which indicates a high electron-injection efficiency from nano-Au to the conduction band of TiO2, and hence charge separation as well as utilization. This is directly supported by the observation of a high photoluminescence emission intensity with Au-NT that highlights the energy transfer from nano-Au to TiO2. The p-n heterojunction observed between the Au (001) and TiO2 (101) facets helps to-wards the higher charge separation and their utilization. A low mesochannel depth (&lt; 10 nm) associated with disordered mesoporous TiO2-xNx helps the charge carriers to move towards the surface for redox reactions and hence charge utilization. Visible-light absorption, as a result of the surface plasmon resonance of nano-Au, is observed in a broad range between 500 and 750 nm, which helps in harvesting visible-light photons. Finally, electronically integrated nano-Au with TiO2-xNx in Au-NT is evident from Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. All of these factors help to achieve a high rate of H-2 production. It is likely that a higher rate of H-2 production than that reported here is feasible by strategically locating Au clusters in porous TiO2 to generate hot spots through electronic integration.</p>10aheterogeneous catalysis10aHydrogen10amesoporous materials10aphotochemistry10awater splitting1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aRajaambal, Sivaraman1 aDas, Tanmay1 aRoy, Kanak1 aBhattacharyya, Somnath1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/disordered-mesoporous-tio2-xnxnano-au-electronically-integrated-nanocomposite-solar-h-2-002431nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260010600233300001600339490000700355520143700362653002801799653003001827653002701857653002301884653002701907653002001934100001601954700002401970700002601994700002502020856013202045       2014                        eng d  a0360-319900aGenesis of enhanced photoactivity of CdS/Ni-x nanocomposites for visible-light-driven splitting of water0 aGenesis of enhanced photoactivity of CdSNix nanocomposites for v  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcNOV  a19424-194330 v393 a<p>A series of CdS/Ni-x nanocomposite photocatalysts, containing ca. 0.6-15 wt% Ni, were synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method and characterized for their crystallographic, morphological, interfacial, and optical properties. Rietveld refinement of powder XRD data revealed the coexistence of wurtzite (hexagonal) and zinc blende (cubic) phases of CdS in ratios dependent on Ni content. Only a fraction of Ni existed as a secondary phase of NiS while the majority occupied the lattice positions of hexagonal CdS. Whereas up to 10-fold enhancement in H-2 evolution compared with pure CdS was observed for samples containing similar to 1.5-4.5 wt% Ni, samples with smaller or larger Ni content displayed poor activity for visible-light-induced splitting of water in presence of sulfide-sulphite ions as sacrificial electron donors. In contrary to recent findings, our study reveals that the enhanced CdS photoactivity is not a result of charge transfer between p-type NiS and n-type CdS, Ni-induced visible-region absorbance, or the coating of CdS particles by non-photoactive NiS. Instead, the preparation-dependent hexagonal/cubic CdS phase boundaries and particle morphology may play a crucial role. Additionally, certain Ni-doping-induced sub-bandgap shallow energy levels contribute to charge carrier separation. Copyright (C) 2014, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCdS/Ni-x nanocomposites10aDominant hexagonal facets10aEnhanced photoactivity10aHydrogen evolution10aPhase boundary effects10awater splitting1 aDevi, Suman1 aKorake, Prakash, V.1 aAchary, Srungarpu, N.1 aGupta, Narencira, M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/genesis-enhanced-photoactivity-cdsni-x-nanocomposites-visible-light-driven-splitting-water-002506nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006800124260010200192300001000294490000800304520163300312653001301945653001701958653001901975653001601994653001802010653001802028653002002046100002502066700003302091700003002124856009802154       2015                        eng d  a0974-362600aRecent developments in solar H-2 generation from water splitting0 aRecent developments in solar H2 generation from water splitting  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJAN  a33-470 v1273 a<p>Hydrogen production from water and sunlight through photocatalysis could become one of the channels, in the not-so-distant future, to meet a part of ever growing energy demands. However, accomplishing solar water splitting through semiconductor particulate photocatalysis seems to be the `Holy Grail' problem of science. In the present mini-review, some of the critical strategies of semiconductor photocatalysis are focused with the aim of enumerating underlying critical factors such as visible light harvesting, charge carrier separation, conduction and their utilization that determine the quantum efficiency. We attempted to bring out the essential requirements expected in a material for facile water splitting by explaining important and new designs contributed in the last decade. The newly emerged designs in semiconductor architecture employing nanoscience towards meeting the critical factors of facile photocatalysis are elucidated. The importance of band gap engineering is emphasized to utilize potential wide band gap semiconductors. Assistance of metal nanostructures and quantum dots to semiconductors attains vital importance as they are exuberant visible light harvesters and charge carrier amplifiers. Benevolent use of quantum dots in solar water splitting and photoelectrochemical water splitting provides scope to revolutionize the quantum efficiency by its multiple exciton generation features. A list of drawbacks and issues that hamper the much needed breakthrough in photocatalysis of water splitting is provided to invite attention to address them and move towards sustainable water splitting.</p>10aHydrogen10ananomaterial10aPhotocatalysis10aquantum dot10aSemiconductor10avisible light10awater splitting1 aRajaambal, Sivaraman1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/recent-developments-solar-h-2-generation-water-splitting-002123nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260007300288300001000361490000800371520109900379653001901478653002301497653001401520653002401534653001801558653002001576100002001596700002201616700001501638700002701653700001801680700001801698856012901716       2016                        eng d  a0167-577X00aSynthesis of Sn-containing anatase (TiO2) by sol-gel method and their performance in catalytic water splitting under visible light as a function of tin content0 aSynthesis of Sncontaining anatase TiO2 by solgel method and thei  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAY  a50-540 v1713 a<p>Sol-gel route was employed to prepare a series of Sn-containing anatase with different molar (Ti/Sn) ratios ranging from 49 to 1. Samples were characterized by powder XRD, UV-vis, XPS, SEM, EDAX, low temperature N-2 sorption technique and Raman Spectroscopy. Except anatase phase, no other crystalline phase was observed when Ti/Sn molar ratio was varied from 49 to 9 and for Sn free sample. However, further decrease in the ratio lead to the appearance of additional SnO2 phase whose peak intensities were increased with the increase in the tin content. Irrespective of tin content, all samples showed red-shift in UV-vis spectra. Moreover, samples showed Raman shift to higher vibration side from 143 cm(-1) to 147 cm(-1) indicating the doping of Sn2+ into TiO2. By virtue of low band gap, anatase crystallite size and an absence of XRD visible SnO2, ST (19) has shown maximum photocatalytic activity upon 1 wt% Pt loading. It has exhibited the highest rate (0.1264 mmole/g/h) for visible light induced hydrogen evolution by water splitting. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aSemiconductors10aSn2+ doped titania10aSnO2/TiO210aSol-gel preparation10avisible light10awater splitting1 aTangale, N., P.1 aNiphadkar, P., S.1 aSamuel, V.1 aDeshpande, Suvarna, S.1 aJoshi, P., N.1 aAwate, S., V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-sn-containing-anatase-tio2-sol-gel-method-and-their-performance-catalytic-water02017nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245014700055210006900202260000900271300001400280490000600294520116500300653001701465653001701482653003001499653002201529653002001551100002901571700003101600700002501631856013101656       2017                        eng d  a2365-654900aCo-catalytic metal oxide nanoparticles decorated silicon/hematite core shell nanowire arrays as efficient photo electrodes for water splitting0 aCocatalytic metal oxide nanoparticles decorated siliconhematite   cMAR   a2544-25510 v23 a<p>By looking global energy demands, development of highly efficient stable semiconductor photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is highly desirable. Herein, we have fabricated co-catalytic nanoparticles decorated Silicon nanowire (SiNWs)/Hematite(Fe2O3) core sell structures as photo anodes and studied the PEC water oxidation properties. As, Fe2O3 possess weak oxidation kinetics, decoration of NiO and Co3O4 nanoparticles on SiNW/Fe2O3 by hydrothermal method, which acts as co-catalysts to improves the water oxidation reactions. It was found that decoration of Co3O4 nanoparticles enhances the photocurrent up to 2.6 times, whereas for NiO nanoparticles improvement is of 1.5 times when compared to the undecorated electrodes. Along with enhancement of photocurrents, it also shows shift of onset potentials. The effect of the co-catalytic nanoparticles on the enhancement of photocurrent and charge transfer resistance at the interface of electrode-electrolyte have been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Further, flat band potentials of the photo electrodes have been measured by using Mott-schottky analysis.</p>10aCo-catalysts10aphoto anodes10aPhotoelectrochemical cell10asilicon nanowires10awater splitting1 aDevarapalli, Rami, Reddy1 aKamaja, Chaitanya, Krishna1 aShelke, Manjusha, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/co-catalytic-metal-oxide-nanoparticles-decorated-siliconhematite-core-shell-nanowire-arrays02085nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260000800243300001200251490000600263520126900269653002001538653001201558653001801570653001201588653002001600100002601620700001701646700002001663700003001683856013001713       2018                        eng d  a2194-428800aMarginally hydrogenated triphasic titania nanotubes for effective visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen generation0 aMarginally hydrogenated triphasic titania nanotubes for effectiv  cFEB  a280-2880 v63 a<p>We report the first demonstration of hydrogen-annealed triphase TiO nanotubes (anatase-rutile-brookite) (T-ARB) as a visible-light-active photocatalyst for water splitting with high quantum efficiency. As-synthesized T-ARB was annealed under hydrogen atmosphere at 250 and 4508 degrees C for 2 h. We found that the tubular structures were retained in the hydrogenated TiO2 samples. It was observed that the concentrations of Ti3+ and the oxygen vacancies and their distribution significantly increased with respect to the hydrogen annealing temperature. Such changes in defects were found to be critical in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of the hydrogen-annealed triphase TiO2 nanotubes. The triphase TiO2 nanotubes hydrogen annealed at 450 degrees C were 16 times more efficient than pristine TiO2. Such an increase in the photocatalytic activity was explained by a triphase band diagram with defect states below the conduction band of each phase, which facilitated visible-light activity and easy transfer of charge carriers from one phase to another. Our study showed that the well-designed multiphase construction with oxygen vacancies enhanced the photocatalytic activity tremendously owing to the presence of a higher number of phase junctions.</p>10acharge transfer10aDefects10aHydrogenation10atitania10awater splitting1 aPreethi, Laguduva, K.1 aMathews, Tom1 aWalczak, Lukasz1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/marginally-hydrogenated-triphasic-titania-nanotubes-effective-visible-light-photocatalytic02416nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245009900055210006900154260000800223300001200231490000700243520166800250653002701918653001901945653002101964653001901985653002002004100002202024700003002046856012202076       2018                        eng d  a0360-319900aPt - g-C3N4 - (Au/TiO2): electronically integrated nanocomposite for solar hydrogen generation0 aPt gC3N4 AuTiO2 electronically integrated nanocomposite for sola  cJAN  a601-6130 v433 a<p>A potential nanocomposite photocatalyst was designed by integrating Pt nanoclusters (co catalyst and electron sink) with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4 (gcn)) (charge diffusion) and 0.5 wt % Au containing Au-TiO2 (AuT) (plasmonic on semiconductor) for solar water splitting (SWS). Variety of Pt-gcn-AuTiO2 compositions has been evaluated for SWS under one sun conditions. Complexity of the photocatalyst was increased systematically from Au-TiO2, gcn-TiO2 to Pt-gcn-Au-TiO2 to explore the influence of different combinations. Electronic integration of charge separation/diffusion component (gcn) with light absorbing sensitizer components (Au and gcn), and co-catalyst (Pt) seems to be the critical factor to improve hydrogen yield (HY) or overall efficiency. Although addition of gcn increase the HY of composites, there is no SWS activity observed on bare TiO2 or gcn. Au or Pt on gcn enhances the charge separation effectively and interface between Au and/or Pt with gcn works as the Schottky barrier. A monodispersion of Au over TiO2 and Pt nanoclusters over gcn/AuTiO2 composite lead to the maximum solar hydrogen yield (1.52 mmol/h g) with an apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 7.5%. Photoelectron and photoluminescence spectral studies confirm the electron transfer from Au to gcn, and Au and/or gcn to titania. A thorough physico-chemical investigation of various composites underscores the electronic integration aspects of the nanocomposite towards storage of electrons in the Pt co-catalyst and hence an effective charge separation and an increase in AQY. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aElectronic integration10aPhotocatalysis10aSchottky barrier10aSolar hydrogen10awater splitting1 aDevaraji, Perumal1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/pt-g-c3n4-autio2-electronically-integrated-nanocomposite-solar-hydrogen-generation02443nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260000900288300001400297490000600311520153400317653001101851653002301862653001501885653001801900653001901918653002001937100001701957700001901974700001801993700002102011700001802032856012702050       2019                        eng d  a2168-048500aDirect thermal polymerization approach to N-rich holey carbon nitride nanosheets and their promising photocatalytic H-2 evolution and charge-storage activities0 aDirect thermal polymerization approach to Nrich holey carbon nit  cMAY   a9428-94380 v73 a<p>Energy conversion and energy storage are two crucial challenges in green chemistry that have attracted tremendous attention for the last several decades. In this work, we have addressed both issues by synthesizing nitrogen-rich, few-layer-thick holey graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets by a simple, novel, direct thermal polymerization method, which is found to be very good in photocatalytic H-2 evolution reaction (energy-conversion) and charge-storage supercapacitor (energy-storage) applications. This as-synthesized conjugated polymer semiconductor (obtained stoichiometry C3N4.8) with unique structural and morphological advantages exhibits superior photocatalytic water splitting activity to H-2 evolution (2 620 mu mol h(-1) g(-1)) without the help of any cocatalysts under visible light in the presence of 20% triethanolamine (TEOA). The calculated apparent quantum yield is 8.5% at 427 nm, and the rate of photocatalytic hydrogen generation remained constant for nine consecutive catalytic cycles (9 h photocatalysis). The present material also shows electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) behavior in alkaline electrolyte, where a symmetric coin cell device consisting of this electrode material without any large area support or conductive filler delivers high specific capacitance (275 F g(-1)), energy density (30 Wh kg(-1)), and power density (6651 W kg(-1)), and the supercapacitor cell can retain &gt;98% capacitance efficiency up to 10 000 measured cycles at various current densities.</p>
10ag-C3N410aHydrogen evolution10ananosheets10aPhotocatalyst10asupercapacitor10awater splitting1 aAntil, Bindu1 aKumar, Lakshya1 aReddy, K., P.1 aGopinath, C., S.1 aDeka, Sasanka  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/direct-thermal-polymerization-approach-n-rich-holey-carbon-nitride-nanosheets-and-their02821nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260000800230300001600238490000700254520197500261653001202236653001902248653003002267653000902297653002002306100001602326700002102342700002202363700002002385700003002405856013202435       2019                        eng d  a1944-824400aElectronic integration and thin film aspects of Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 for improved solar hydrogen generation0 aElectronic integration and thin film aspects of AuPdrGOTiO2 for   cSEP  a32869-328780 v113 a<p>In the present work, we have synthesized noble bimetallic nanoparticles (Au-Pd NPs) on a carbon-based support and integrated with titania to obtain Au-Pd/C/TiO2 and Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 nanocomposites using an ecofriendly hydrothermal method. Here, a 1:1 (w/w) Au-Pd bimetallic composition was dispersed on (a) high-surface-area (3000 m(2) g(-1)) activated carbon (Au-Pd/C), prepared from a locally available plant source (in Assam, India), and (b) reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (Au-Pd/rGO); subsequently, they were integrated with TiO2. The shift observed in Raman spectroscopy demonstrates the electronic integration of the bimetal with titania. The photocatalytic activity of the above materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction was studied under 1 sun conditions using methanol as a sacrificial agent in a powder form. The photocatalysts were also employed to prepare a thin film by the drop-casting method. Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 exhibits 43 times higher hydrogen (H-2) yield in the thin film form (21.50 mmol h(-1) g(-1)) compared to the powder form (0.50 mmol h(-1) g(-1)). On the other hand, Au-Pd/C/TiO2 shows 13 times higher hydrogen (H-2) yield in the thin film form (6.42 mmol h(-1) g(-1)) compared to the powder form (0.48 mmol h(-1) g(-1)). While powder forms of both catalysts show comparable activity, the Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 thin film shows 3.4 times higher activity than that of Au-Pd/C/TiO2. This can be ascribed to (a) an effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs at the interface of Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 and (b) the better field effect due to plasmon resonance of the bimetal in the thin film form. The catalytic influence of the carbon-based support is highly pronounced due to synergistic binding interaction of bimetallic nanoparticles. Further, a large amount of hydrogen evolution in the film form with both catalysts (Au-Pd/C/TiO2 and Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2) reiterates that charge utilization should be better compared to that in powder catalysts.</p>
10abimetal10aPhotocatalysis10asurface plasmon resonance10aTiO210awater splitting1 aTudu, Bijoy1 aNalajala, Naresh1 aReddy, Kasala, P.1 aSaikia, Pranjal1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/electronic-integration-and-thin-film-aspects-au-pdrgotio2-improved-solar-hydrogen-generation01993nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245012600055210006900181260000800250520124400258653001101502653002101513653002801534653001301562653002001575100002101595700002001616700002401636856012701660       2019                        eng d  a1864-563100aGlycine-induced electrodeposition of nanostructured cobalt hydroxide: a bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting0 aGlycineinduced electrodeposition of nanostructured cobalt hydrox  cNOV3 a<p>Herein, an interconnected alpha-Co(OH)(2) structure with a network-like architecture was used as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the overall water splitting reaction in alkaline medium. The complexing ability of glycine with a transition metal was exploited to form [Co(gly)(3)](-) dispersion at pH 10, which was used for the electrodeposition. High-resolution TEM, UV/Vis-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to confirm that the as-synthesized materials had an alpha-Co(OH)(2) phase. The electrocatalytic oxygen and hydrogen evolution activity of the glycine-coordinated alpha-Co(OH)(2) was found to be approximately 320 and 145 mV, respectively, at 10 mA cm(-2). The material required approximately 1.60 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode; RHE) to achieve the benchmark of 10 mA cm(-2) for overall water splitting with a mass activity of approximately 63.7 A g(-1) at 1.60 V (vs. RHE). The chronoamperometric response was measured to evidence the stability of the material for overall water splitting for up to 24 h. Characterization of the catalyst after the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions was performed by XPS and showed the presence of a Co-II/Co-III oxidation state.</p>
10acobalt10aElectrochemistry10aheterogeneous catalysis10aHydrogen10awater splitting1 aShilpa, Nagaraju1 aNadeema, Ayasha1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/glycine-induced-electrodeposition-nanostructured-cobalt-hydroxide-bifunctional-catalyst01630nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245013100055210006900186260000800255300001400263490000600277520070900283653002500992653003201017653003001049653001501079653002001094100001901114700001901133700001801152700001801170700002001188700002501208856013101233       2020                        eng d  a2574-096200aStress-induced electronic structure modulation of manganese-incorporated Ni2P leading to enhanced activity for water splitting0 aStressinduced electronic structure modulation of manganeseincorp  cFEB  a1271-12780 v33 a<p>The cornerstone of the emerging hydrogen economy is hydrogen production by water electrolysis with concomitant oxygen generation. Incorporating a third element in metal phosphides can tune the crystalline and electronic structure, hence improving the electrocatalytic properties. In this work, Mn-doped Ni2P with varying ratios of Mn and Ni has been explored as excellent catalysts for water splitting. A complete cell made of the best catalyst Ni1.5Mn0.5P electrodes showed low voltage of 1.75 V at a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) due to enhanced electrical conductivity, induction of tensile stress, enhanced electrochemical surface area, and increased electric dipole upon Mn incorporation.</p>
10aElectronic Structure10ahydrogen evolution reaction10aOxygen Evolution Reaction10aphosphides10awater splitting1 aSarkar, Shreya1 aDheer, Lakshay1 aVinod, C., P.1 aThapa, Ranjit1 aWaghmare, Umesh1 aPeter, Sebastian, C.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/stress-induced-electronic-structure-modulation-manganese-incorporated-ni2p-leading-enhanced01964nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260000800239300001400247490000700261520109300268653001501361653001801376653001401394653001801408653002001426100003801446700001801484700002201502700002601524700003001550856013001580       2021                        eng d  a1867-388000aDurable metalloporphyrin 2D-polymer for photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen evolution from river and sea waters0 aDurable metalloporphyrin 2Dpolymer for photocatalytic hydrogen a  cAPR  a1717-17210 v133 a<p>It is highly imaginary that the outcome of a combination of two complementary resources leads to answer an alarming global issue. One such possible example is the solar seawater splitting for `clean fuel' H-2 generation. Since the catalytic activity and stability of the photocatalysts are substantially challenged in seawater, the design of an efficient and stable photocatalyst is highly desirable. Herein, we demonstrate the solar seawater splitting by a two-dimensional polymer catalyst derived from metalloporphyrin bearing multi-hydroxyl groups. A bimetallic (Co and Ni) porphyrin 2D-polymer exhibits excellent long-term durability of 15 cycles of H-2 and O-2 generation in 200 days from pure water without a considerable decrease in efficiency. Detailed studies using river and seawaters also show the reliable performance of the catalyst over repeated cycles. Here the deactivation modes of catalytic activity have been nullified by the layered metalloporphyrin polymer structure through stable pi-pi stacking, signifying the molecular design of 2D-polymer photocatalyst.</p>
10a2D-polymer10aPhotocatalyst10aporphyrin10aSelf-assembly10awater splitting1 aRanjeesh, Kayaramkodath, Chandran1 aGeorge, Leena1 aMaibam, Ashakiran1 aKrishnamurty, Sailaja1 aBabu, Sukumaran, Santhosh  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/durable-metalloporphyrin-2d-polymer-photocatalytic-hydrogen-and-oxygen-evolution-river-and02522nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260000900227300001600236490000600252520166000258653001501918653001301933653001601946653001701962653000901979653002001988100001602008700002102024700002902045700002002074700003002094856013202124       2021                        eng d  a2168-048500aRationally designed, efficient, and earth-abundant Ni-Fe cocatalysts for solar hydrogen generation0 aRationally designed efficient and earthabundant NiFe cocatalysts  cOCT   a13915-139250 v93 aDeveloping highly efficient and affordable catalysts for solar hydrogen (H-2) generation is crucial, and employing a cocatalyst from earth-abundant elements has a critical role to play. In this context, different compositions of earth-abundant Ni-Fe alloy (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) have been prepared by hydrothermal method; subsequently, 1 wt % of these Ni-Fe cocatalysts were integrated with TiO2-P25 and thoroughly characterized. The resultant catalysts have been evaluated for solar H-2 production, in powder and thin film forms, under one sun condition and in direct sunlight. Interestingly, all the catalysts in the thin film form exhibit superior hydrogen yield (HY), up to 27 times higher activity than its powder counterpart. Among the photocatalysts, Ni-Fe/TiO2 (3:1 = Ni/Fe; NFT31) composition exhibits the best HY in thin film (8.27 mmol.h(-1).g(-1)) and exceeds all other compositions of catalyst. It is also to be reported that HY measured for the powder form with 1 mg shows 3-17 times higher activity than that measured with 25 mg. This is mainly attributed to effective solar light absorption with a smaller amount of photocatalyst either spread over large area in a thin film form or well-dispersed in suspension forms. Furthermore, the enhanced activity obtained with Ni-Fe/TiO2 photocatalysts is also ascribed to strong electronic integration of Ni-Fe cocatalyst with TiO2 and higher performance obtained with a thin film is attributed to increased charge carrier generation and subsequent charge separation and effective utilization. A decrease in work function of TiO2 by 0.6 eV was observed after its integration with cocatalyst in NFT31.10aCocatalyst10aHydrogen10aNi-Fe alloy10asolar energy10aTiO210awater splitting1 aTudu, Bijoy1 aNalajala, Naresh1 aReddy, Kasala, Prabhakar1 aSaikia, Pranjal1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/rationally-designed-efficient-and-earth-abundant-ni-fe-cocatalysts-solar-hydrogen-generation02600nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245017300055210006900228260000800297300001600305490000700321520162900328653003101957653002201988653002302010653002202033653002002055100002102075700002402096700002402120700002402144700001802168700002402186856012402210       2022                        eng d  a1944-824400aCo-Ni layered double hydroxide for the electrocatalytic oxidation of organic molecules: an approach to lowering the overall cell voltage for the water splitting process0 aCoNi layered double hydroxide for the electrocatalytic oxidation  cAPR  a16222-162320 v143 a<p>
	Electrocatalytic oxidation of simple organic molecules oilers a promising strategy to combat the sluggish kinetics of the water oxidation reaction (WOR). The low potential requirement, inhibition of the crossover of gases, and formation of value-added products at the anode are benefits of the electrocatalytic oxidation of organic molecules. Herein, we developed cobalt-nickel-based layered double hydroxide (LDH) as a robust material for the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols and urea at the anode, replacing the WOR. A facile synthesis protocol to form LDHs with different ratios of Co and Ni is adapted. It demonstrates that the reactants could be efficiently oxidized to concomitant chemical products at the anode. The half-cell study shows an onset potential of 1.30 V for benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction (BAOR), 1.36 V for glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR), 1.33 V for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), and 1.32 V for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) compared with 1.53 V for WOR. Notably, the hybrid electrolyzer in a full-cell configuration significantly reduces the overall cell voltage at a 20 mA cm(-2) current density by similar to 15% while coupling with the BAOR, EOR, and GOR and similar to 12% with the UOR as the anodic half-cell reaction. Furthermore, the efficiency of hydrogen generation remains unhampered with the types of oxidation reactions (alcohols and urea) occurring at the anode. This work demonstrates the prospects of lowering the overall cell voltage in the case of a water electrolyzer by integrating the hydrogen evolution reaction with suitable organic molecule oxidation.</p>
10aelectrocatalytic oxidation10aenergy conversion10aimidazole mediated10aLayered compounds10awater splitting1 aShilpa, Nagaraju1 aPandikassala, Ajmal1 aKrishnaraj, Perayil1 aWalko, Priyanka, S.1 aDevi, Nandini1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/co-ni-layered-double-hydroxide-electrocatalytic-oxidation-organic-molecules-approach02036nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245016600055210006900221260000800290300001500298490000600313520119300319653002201512653001901534653002201553653000901575653002301584653002001607100002201627700002701649856013001676       2022                        eng d  a2365-654900aElectrochemically tuned synergistic nano-interface of a tertiary Ni(OH)(2)-NiO(OH)/NixP heterojunction material for enhanced and durable alkaline water splitting0 aElectrochemically tuned synergistic nanointerface of a tertiary   cAUG  ae2022011710 v73 a<p>
	Making water splitting cheaper is the need of the hour.The present work reports a nickel-based, non-precious catalytic system, synthesized by a two-step electrodeposition (ED) process followed by a short-term heat treatment. The Ni(OH)(2)-NiO(OH)/NixP heterojunction has been synthesized and optimized through an unprecedented, energy-conserving method to achieve its best OER performance. Further, it has been carefully tuned for the first time by thoroughly optimizing the ED parameters to exhibit Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER). At high current regimes, the performance surpassed that of the Ru/C and Pt/C (&gt;= 500 mA and &gt;= 600 mA) respectively. The full cell electrolyzer configuring NOPO||NOPH further establishes the supremacy of the present electrocatalysts over the benchmark Ru/C||Pt/C. Moreover, the present electrocatalyst displayed 60 and 70 hours of HER and OER performances at -100 mA and 100 mA currents respectively. In short, this work is an example that illustrates how a single chemical system gets to exhibit two complementary catalytic behaviors that is, water oxidation and reduction when certain synthetic parameters are meticulously optimized.</p>
10aElectrodeposition10aheterojunction10aNi(OH)(2)-NiO(OH)10aNixP10anon-precious metal10awater splitting1 aManappadan, Zinoy1 aSelvaraj, Kaliaperumal  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/electrochemically-tuned-synergistic-nano-interface-tertiary-nioh2-nioohnixp-heterojunction02229nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245010800055210006900163260000800232300000700240490000800247520142000255653001001675653002701685653001901712653001401731653002001745100001801765700002601783700002401809700003001833856012401863       2022                        eng d  a0974-362600aFacile, sustainable and unassisted plain water oxidation on Au/Ce0.9Ti0.1O2 nanorods in direct sunlight0 aFacile sustainable and unassisted plain water oxidation on AuCe0  cJUN  a610 v1343 a<p>
	Impressive rate of solar water oxidation to molecular oxygen (O-2) has been demonstrated on nanorods (NRs) of Ce0.9Ti0.1O2 (CT-NR) and Au-deposited CT-NR (Au-CT-NR) photocatalysts with a sacrificial agent (Fe3+) and in plain water in one sun condition, direct sunlight and with lambda &gt;= 455 nm. Probably the highest 0 2 yield of 11 mmol/h.g was observed with Au-CT-NR thin film in plain water in direct sunlight, with no sacrificial agent or applied potential. Photoelectrochemical measurements demonstrate a marked reduction in oxidation onset potential of Au-CT-NR by 150 mV with stable photocurrent (0.75 mA/cm(2)), compared to CT-NR (0.23 mA/cm(2)), indicating the operative of plasmon-induced resonant energy transfer (PIRET) process. Effective electron quenching by nanogold and hence low recombination in the depletion region is a critical step for the observation of a high rate of oxygen evolution. In addition to this, a predominant change in the nature of the valence band from O-2p dominated on CeO2 to Ce-4f dominated with CT-NR (due to Ti4+ introduction in CeO2), the efficient light absorption of photocatalysts in thin-film form, functional and effective PIRET process, and facile E-F alignment, enhances the oxygen evolution with Au-CT-NR in direct sunlight and make it highly sustainable. A possible mechanism of water oxidation is proposed from the observed experimental findings.</p>
10aceria10aElectronic integration10aPhotocatalysis10athin film10awater splitting1 aDubey, Anjani1 aMishra, Abhaya, Kumar1 aNegi, Sanjay, Singh1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/facile-sustainable-and-unassisted-plain-water-oxidation-auce09ti01o2-nanorods-direct02809nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245016300055210006900218260000800287300001600295490000700311520183300318653002202151653002702173653002202200653002402222653002002246100002902266700002102295700002902316700002002345700002302365700003002388856012502418       2024                        eng d  a2168-048500aAqueous glycerol to glyceric acid and green hydrogen by visible-light-driven photocatalysis with Ni/Co(PO4)2-TiO2: parallel utilization of holes and electrons0 aAqueous glycerol to glyceric acid and green hydrogen by visiblel  cSEP  a14841-148530 v123 a<p>
	Replacing the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with the oxidation of an abundantly available organic molecule to value-added product(s) (VAPs) at low voltage along with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a big challenge in water splitting, either by electrolysis or sunlight-driven photocatalysis. Glycerol oxidation to a VAP is kinetically fast, compared to an OER, and offers hope to enhance sunlight-driven water splitting to hydrogen by the concurrent utilization of holes and electrons. Mixed bimetal phosphates of Co and Ni (CoxNiy(PO4)(2) (CoNiP)) with different Co:Ni ratios (10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 0:10) were integrated with TiO2 to generate final photocatalyst composites (x wt % CoNiP with TiO2) and employed for concurrent photocatalytic HER and glycerol oxidation. Irrespective of the weight ratios of CoNiP and TiO2, any TiO2-CoNiP composite showed better photocatalytic activity for the HER and glycerol oxidation compared to virgin TiO2. The highest HER as well as selectively generated glyceric acid yield was observed to be 54 and 67 mmol/g, respectively, after 25 h of reaction under 1 sun conditions with TiO2-CoNiP-5:5. An increase in catalytic activity can be attributed to the formation of p-n heterojunctions of the constituent component along with uniform distribution of CoNiP to effectively utilize the charge carriers for redox reactions. Highly selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid (85%), along with other minor products, is also demonstrated, which offers further scope to use solar light to generate VAPs in a sustainable manner. A simple comparison of H-2 yield and all oxidized products together indicates the better utilization of holes for the latter, and hence, there is scope to increase HER and possibly the whole photocatalytic activity.</p>
10abiomass component10aearth-abundantmaterial10aenergy conversion10aorganicvalorisation10awater splitting1 aNivedhitha, Thazhath, R.1 aBajpai, Himanshu1 aOommen, Jiffin, Varghese1 aAbraham, Athira1 aChauhan, Inderjeet1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/aqueous-glycerol-glyceric-acid-and-green-hydrogen-visible-light-driven-photocatalysis02582nas a2200349   4500008004100000022001400041245016100055210006900216260000800285490000700293520135800300653003501658653002201693653003401715653002101749653002201770653001501792653002001807100001801827700002001845700001901865700002001884700002201904700002301926700001901949700004001968700002702008700002802035700001902063700002002082856013002102       2024                        eng d  a0935-964800aMorphology tuning via linker modulation: metal-free covalent organic nanostructures with exceptional chemical stability for electrocatalytic water splitting0 aMorphology tuning via linker modulation metalfree covalent organ  cMAR0 v363 a<p>
	The development of synthetic routes for the formation of robust porous organic polymers (POPs) with well-defined nanoscale morphology is fundamentally significant for their practical applications. The thermodynamic characteristics that arise from reversible covalent bonding impart intrinsic chemical instability in the polymers, thereby impeding their overall potential. Herein, a unique strategy is reported to overcome the stability issue by designing robust imidazole-linked POPs via tandem reversible/irreversible bond formation. Incorporating inherent rigidity into the secondary building units leads to robust microporous polymeric nanostructures with hollow-spherical morphologies. An in-depth analysis by extensive solid-state NMR (1D and 2D) study on H-1, C-13, and N-14 nuclei elucidates the bonding and reveals the high purity of the newly designed imidazole-based POPs. The nitrogen-rich polymeric nanostructures are further used as metal-free electrocatalysts for water splitting. In particular, the rigid POPs show excellent catalytic activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with long-term durability. Among them, the most efficient OER electrocatalyst (TAT-TFBE) requires 314 mV of overpotential to drive 10 mA cm(-2) current density, demonstrating its superiority over state-of-the-art catalysts (RuO2 and IrO2).</p>
10abi-functional electrocatalysts10achemically robust10ahollow-spherical morphologies10aimidazole-linked10ainherent rigidity10ametal-free10awater splitting1 aKarak, Shayan1 aKoner, Kalipada1 aKarmakar, Arun1 aMohata, Shibani1 aNishiyama, Yusuke1 aDuong, Nghia, Tuan1 aThomas, Neethu1 aAjithkumar, Thalasseril, Govindanku1 aHossain, Munshi, Sahid1 aBandyopadhyay, Subhajit1 aKundu, Subrata1 aBanerjee, Rahul  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/morphology-tuning-linker-modulation-metal-free-covalent-organic-nanostructures-exceptional02213nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260000800265300001600273490000700289520133700296653001401633653001001647653002001657653000801677653001801685653000801703653002001711100001501731700002601746700001901772700003101791856012501822       2025                        eng d  a1944-824400aBifunctional nanoelectrocatalyst: semi-amorphous cobalt tungstate-based nanocomposites surpassing amorphous and crystalline counterparts0 aBifunctional nanoelectrocatalyst semiamorphous cobalt tungstateb  cFEB  a15319-153320 v173 a<p>
	Electrocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen and oxygen is considered to be one of the significant routes for future renewable energy conversion. Therefore, the development of unique, efficient, and cost-effective bifunctional electrocatalysts, which can perform both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), is critical for the accessible utilization of renewable energy. The increasing overall efficiency of the water-splitting reaction is pivotal for sustainable energy conversion and hydrogen production. Herein, we present a facile solution-based synthesis route to control the crystallinity of the cobalt tungstate (CoWO4) nanomaterials to amorphous, semiamorphous, and crystalline phases and further exploit these nanomaterials as bifunctional electrocatalysts for the HER, OER, and overall electrochemical water splitting reaction. Notably, the semiamorphous cobalt tungstate nanomaterials show a remarkable surface area of approximately 150 m(2)/g, the highest reported for CoWO4-based materials, and demonstrated superior activity for both the OER and HER and outstanding stability over the amorphous and crystalline counterparts. Notably, the SemiAmp||SemiAmp electrolyzer demonstrated a better performance for overall water splitting than the commercial RuO2||Pt/C electrolyzer.</p>
10aamorphous10aCoWO410aelectrocatalyst10aHER10aNanocomposite10aOER10awater splitting1 aDev, Sahil1 aNagappan, Sreenivasan1 aKundu, Subrata1 aMukherjee, Shatabdi, Porel  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bifunctional-nanoelectrocatalyst-semi-amorphous-cobalt-tungstate-based-nanocomposites02217nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210006900157260000800226490000700234520136300241653002201604653001901626653001901645653002101664653002001685100002101705700002301726700001501749700002201764700001901786700003001805856012801835       2025                        eng d  a1861-472800aMesoporous Fe2O3-TiO2 integrated with plasmonic Ag nanoparticles for enhanced solar H2 production0 aMesoporous Fe2O3TiO2 integrated with plasmonic Ag nanoparticles   cMAY0 v203 a<p>
	Present work describes a sol-gel assisted one-pot synthesis of mesoporous Fe2O3-TiO2 nanocomposites (TiFe) with different Ti : Fe ratios, and fabrication of Ag-integrated with TiFe nanocomposites (TiFeAg) by a chemical reduction method and demonstrated for high solar H2 generation activity in direct sunlight. Enhanced solar H2 production is attributed to the light absorption from entire UV+Visible region of solar spectrum combined with Schottky (Ag-semiconductor) and heterojunctions (TiO2-Fe2O3), as evidenced from HRTEM and various characterization studies. TiFeAg-2 thin film (1 wt % Ag-loaded TiFe-4) displayed the highest activity with a solar H2 yield of 7.64 mmol h-1g-1, which is 48 times higher than that of bare TiO2 and 5 times higher in thin film form compared to its powder counterpart. Schottky and heterojunctions formed at the interface efficiently separate the charge carriers and increase the hydrogen production activity. The highest H2 production activity of TiFeAg-2 is partly attributed to the heterogeneous distribution of Fe3+ and metallic Ag-species with relatively high Ag/Ti surface atomic ratio. A plausible photocatalytic reaction mechanism on TiFeAg nanocomposite may involve the direct electron transfer from both Fe2O3 and TiO2 to Ag nanoparticles which are subsequently utilized for the reduction of H+ to H2.</p>
10aenergy conversion10agreen hydrogen10aPhotocatalysis10aSolar harvesting10awater splitting1 aMani, Sunesh, S.1 aRajendran, Sivaraj1 aSaju, Simi1 aBabu, Bindhya, M.1 aMathew, Thomas1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/mesoporous-fe2o3-tio2-integrated-plasmonic-ag-nanoparticles-enhanced-solar-h2-production