02545nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245011400055210006900169260007400238300001000312490000800322520171700330653003002047653001802077653002702095653001402122653001502136100002102151700002402172856013102196       2012                        eng d  a0167-685700aEnhanced tolerance of transgenic grapevines expressing chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase genes to downy mildew0 aEnhanced tolerance of transgenic grapevines expressing chitinase  aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcOCT  a15-280 v1113 a<p>An Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for grapevine cv. Crimson Seedless using sonication and anti-necrotic agents has been optimized, and transgenic lines carrying wheat chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase genes have exhibited enhanced tolerance to downy mildew incited by Plasmopara viticola. cDNA clones encoding chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase have been isolated from a cDNA library, constructed from scab-infected Sumai-3 wheat, and introduced into a plant cloning vector to generate the plasmids pCAMBAR.chi.11 and pCAMBAR.638. Embryogenic cultures, established from in vitro-derived leaves, of Crimson Seedless were used as explants for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation studies. Sonication of somatic embryos in a bacterial suspension of A. tumefaciens and incorporation of anti-necrotic agents in the co-cultivation medium significantly enhanced transformation efficiency. Transformation efficiency of embryos with either chitinase or beta-1,3-glucanase gene was highest when embryos were suspended in a bacterial cell suspension at 0.5 OD600 and sonicated for 2 or 3 s at 60 kHz. Transformation efficiency with chitinase was highest on incorporation of 2 or 3 mg l(-1) phenylalanine, 1 or 2 mg l(-1) silver nitrate or 400 mg l(-1) l-cysteine in co-cultivation medium while incorporation of 20 mg l(-1) sodium thiosulphate produced highest transformation efficiency with beta-1,3-glucanase. Confirmed transgenic grapevine lines harboring anti-fungal genes exhibited higher levels of chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase transcripts as well as enzymatic activities. Moreover, transgenic lines showed enhanced tolerance to P. viticola infection following detached leaf assays.</p>10aAgrobacterium tumefaciens10aAnti-oxidants10aDowny mildew tolerance10aGrapevine10aSonication1 aNookaraju, Akula1 aAgrawal, Dinesh, C.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhanced-tolerance-transgenic-grapevines-expressing-chitinase-and-beta-13-glucanase-genes-001839nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260009200207300001400299490000700313520105400320653002301374653001101397653001301408653001501421653001001436100001301446700002101459700001701480856011201497       2015                        eng d  a1533-488000aSimple recovery of intracellular gold nanoparticles from peanut seedling roots0 aSimple recovery of intracellular gold nanoparticles from peanut   a26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USAbAMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERScFEB  a1575-15810 v153 a<p>Fabrication of inorganic nanomaterials via a biological route witnesses the formation either extracellularly, intracellulary or both. Whereas extracellular formation of these nanomaterials is cherished owing to their easy and economical extraction and purification processes; the intracellular formation of nanomaterials, due to the lack of a proper recovery protocol has always been dreaded, as the extraction processes used so far were tedious, costly, time consuming and often resulting in very low recovery. The aim of the present study was to overcome the problems related with the extraction and recovery of intracellularly synthesized inorganic nanoparticles, and to devise a method to increasing the output, the shape, size, composition and dispersal of nanoparticles is not altered. Water proved to be much better system as it provided well dispersed, stable gold nanoparticles and higher recovery. This is the first report, where intracellular nanoparticles have been recovered using a very cost-effective and eco-friendly approach.</p>10agold nanoparticles10aPeanut10aRecovery10aSonication10aWater1 aRaju, D.1 aMehta, Urmil, J.1 aAhmad, Absar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/simple-recovery-intracellular-gold-nanoparticles-peanut-seedling-roots-0