01954nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260007300215300001200288490000700300520099000307653002501297653001801322653002501340653003301365100001901398700002501417700001701442700002201459700001301481700002101494700001701515700002701532856011701559       2005                        eng d  a0167-577X00aNovel polymer-inorganic solid-state reaction for the synthesis of CdS nanocrystallites0 aNovel polymerinorganic solidstate reaction for the synthesis of   aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcFEB  a554-5590 v593 a<p>We offer a novel polymer-inorganic solid-state reaction route for the in situ generation of nanochalcogenide semiconductor in the network of polymer which itself acts as a chalcogen source. We have exemplified feasibility of this route by reacting CdI2 with engineering thermoplastic polyphenylene sulphide (PPS). These two reactants in 1:1 and 10:1 molar ratios were simply heated at the crystalline melting temperature of PPS. The resultant products were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM, with selected area electron diffraction). The prima facie observations revealed the formation of cubic nanocrystallites of US with the particle size ranging from 6 to 20 nm entrapped in modified (cyclized) PPS matrix when the reactants were taken in 10:1 molar ratio. A tentative mechanism has been suggested for such hitherto unattempted solid-state reaction. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCdS nanocrystallites10aSemiconductor10asolid-state reaction10aThermoplastic polymer matrix1 aKanade, K., G.1 aHawaldar, Ranjit, R.1 aPasricha, R.1 aRadhakrishnan, S.1 aSeth, T.1 aMulik, Uttam, P.1 aKale, B., B.1 aAmalnerkar, Dinesh, P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-polymer-inorganic-solid-state-reaction-synthesis-cds-nanocrystallites-001625nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260006900222300001000291490000700301520079500308653002301103653002501126653001401151653001801165100001901183700001901202700001301221700001501234700001801249856011601267       2005                        eng d  a0254-058400aSynthesis of fine PbE (E = S, Se) powder from direct in situ reduction of sulphur or selenium0 aSynthesis of fine PbE E S Se powder from direct in situ reductio  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcSEP  a91-940 v933 a<p>Lead sulphide and lead selenide have been prepared for the first time, by in situ reduction of elemental S or Se by using aqueous DMF or aqueous SFS as reducing agents and their reaction with lead acetate. The grayish-black powder has been characterized by powder XRD measurement, XPS and SEM/EDAX analysis. Powder X-ray diffraction pattern revealed that cubic PbE (E = S, Se) is formed with a little impurities of lead in case of PbSe. Slightly broader peaks in XRD measurement suggest small particles diameter in the powder. The particle size by using Scheffer's formula is found to be about 100 nm. Peaks due to free lead particles are observed in XPS and EDS (in case of PbSe) analysis and SEM analysis indicates agglomerated particles. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aelectronic materials10areduction10aSemiconductor1 aKhanna, P., K.1 aSubbarao, VVVS1 aWagh, M.1 aJadhav, P.1 aPatil, K., R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-fine-pbe-e-s-se-powder-direct-situ-reduction-sulphur-or-selenium-002051nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260007300220300001000293490000800303520131700311653001801628653004401646653001801690653000801708100001801716856012301734       2006                        eng d  a0926-860X00aPhotocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in water by ZnO nanoparticles: revisited0 aPhotocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in water by Z  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAY  a55-610 v3043 a<p>Nanoscale photocatalysts have attracted much attention due to their high surface area to volume ratios. This work investigates the photodegradation of organic contaminants using the fluorescence emission characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-nano) in aqueous solutions. This is accomplished by preparing nanocrystalline ZnO; the presence of organic contaminants in water is readily detected from the quenching of fluorescence observed from ZnO semiconductor films. Photolysis of ZnO thin films immersed into an aqueous system containing organic contaminants results in the degradation of the contaminants. A comprehensive study has been done involving several organic contaminants in water (like aliphatic and aromatic chloro compounds as well as some commonly used aromatic solvents) to check the suitability of ZnO-nano as an efficient photocatalyst. The ZnO nanoparticles not only serve as a better catalytic system compared to bulk ZnO and commercially available Degussa TiO2 in achieving degradation of the added contaminants, but unlike other semiconductor systems can also act as a non-specific sensor for the presence of these common contaminants in water. A total cleanup of a cocktail of contaminants in water was also achieved using the ZnO-nano. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aNanoparticles10aorganic contaminants and photocatalysis10aSemiconductor10aZnO1 aHariharan, C.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/photocatalytic-degradation-organic-contaminants-water-zno-nanoparticles-revisited-001952nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245014000055210006900195260007300264300001400337490000700351520108200358653002301440653001601463653003001479653001801509100001901527700001401546700002001560700001801580856012401598       2006                        eng d  a0167-577X00aSynthesis of beta-Ag2Se from organo-selenium precursor and silver nitrate in DMF via simultaneous reduction of selenium and silver salt0 aSynthesis of betaAg2Se from organoselenium precursor and silver   aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAUG  a2080-20850 v603 a<p>Reaction of selenium powder and silver nitrate in aqueous N,N'-dimethylformamide (aq. DMF) leads to formation of silver selenide. Similar reaction with cycloalkeno-1,2,3-selenadiazole an organic compound of selenium upon thermolysis, also produces silver selenide. It is believed that DMF activates selenium and reduces silver salt via in-situ generated hydrogen ion simultaneously. Slightly broadened X-ray diffraction pattern for pure beta silver selenide (beta-Ag2Se) was observed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the agglomerated particles could be in the range of about 100 to 200 nm in dimension. EDAX analysis showed non-stoichiometric elemental ratio between silver and selenium. It is found that the weight percent of Ag is slightly higher than Se. However, free amorphous selenium is also detected by XPS analysis when the product is made by use of elemental selenium. Thermal analysis (TGA) revealed a small (4%) weight loss due to the presence of organics or the solvent from the reaction medium. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10anano powder10anoble metal chalcogenides10aSemiconductor1 aKhanna, P., K.1 aSingh, N.1 aCharan, Shobhit1 aPatil, K., R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-beta-ag2se-organo-selenium-precursor-and-silver-nitrate-dmf-simultaneous-002131nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245010800055210006900163260007300232300001400305490000700319520127900326653002301605653001801628653001801646653000801664100002001672700002001692700001801712700002201730700001901752856011801771       2006                        eng d  a0167-577X00aUnusual formation of nano-particles of CdO and Cd(OH)(2) from the reaction of dimethyl cadmium with DMF0 aUnusual formation of nanoparticles of CdO and CdOH2 from the rea  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcDEC  a3492-34980 v603 a<p>This paper presents generation of CdO and Cd(OH)(2) nano-particles from Dimethyl Cadmium in DMF. The CdO nano-particles were obtained instead of CdSe, even when the reaction was done in presence of 1,2,3-selenadiazole (the source of selenium) with Me2Cd in DMF (product-I). The direct reaction of Me2Cd in DMF also leads to formation of CdO (product-II). However, Cd(OH)(2) nano-particles were obtained when Me2Cd was refluxed in DMF for a few hours followed by reaction of H2S gas (product-III). The formation of Cd(OH)(2) was also established via decomposition Of Me2Cd:Et2O adduct (product-IV). Nano-particles of CdO and Cd(OH)(2) (product-I to product-IV) were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), TEM and SEM/EDS measurements, FTIR, thermal analysis (TGA) and XPS analysis. The particle size of all the products as calculated by XRD patterns were in the range of about 20 nm. TEM images showed that the products are agglomerated clusters with the particles in the nano-meter regime. The synthesis however, is understood to be unusual as the reactions with selenium source and sulfur source should have generated the CdSe and CdS however, the end products were always found to be the product-I to product-IV (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aNanoparticles10aSemiconductor10aXRD1 aSingh, Narendra1 aCharan, Shobhit1 aPatil, K., R.1 aViswanath, A., K.1 aKhanna, P., K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/unusual-formation-nano-particles-cdo-and-cdoh2-reaction-dimethyl-cadmium-dmf-001649nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245005200055210005200107260007300159300001400232490000700246520088100253653001701134653001801151653001801169653002101187100002201208700002201230700002901252700001901281700002101300856008601321       2008                        eng d  a0167-577X00aLow temperature synthesis of ZnSe nanoparticles0 aLow temperature synthesis of ZnSe nanoparticles  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAUG  a3803-38050 v623 a<p>Synthesis of thioglycerol capped zinc selenide nanoparticles with a relatively narrow size distribution by a simple and inexpensive low temperature (similar to 80 degrees C) wet chemical method is reported here. Main advantage of this method is the use of non-toxic precursors. The size of the nanoparticles can be varied easily by changing the concentration of the capping agent. The extracted nanoparticles remain stable under normal atmospheric conditions and can be redispersed in suitable solvents. The sharp absorption features obtained in the UV-Visible absorption spectra reveal the formation of monodispersed ZnSe nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence and transmission electron microscopy. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aLuminescence10aNanomaterials10aSemiconductor10aX-ray techniques1 aDeshpande, Aparna1 aSingh, Shashi, B.1 aAbyaneh, Majid, Kazemian1 aPasricha, Renu1 aKulkarni, S., K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/low-temperature-synthesis-znse-nanoparticles-002173nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260010600227300001200333490000700345520131000352653002301662653001801685100001801703700001801721700002001739700002101759700002201780700002001802856012101822       2008                        eng d  a0022-369700aSynthesis, characterization of chemically deposited indium selenide thin films at room temperature0 aSynthesis characterization of chemically deposited indium seleni  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJAN  a249-2540 v693 a<p>Polycrystalline In2Se3 semiconducting thin films were prepared by using relatively simple chemical bath deposition method at room temperature by the reaction between indium chloride, tartaric acid, hydrazine hydrate and sodium selenosulphate in an aqueous alkaline medium. Various preparative conditions of thin film deposition are outlined. The as grown films were found to be transparent, uniform, well adherent and red in color. The films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy and energy dispersive atomic X-ray diffraction (EDAX). The XRD analysis of the film showed the presence of polycrystalline nature with hexagonal crystal structure. SEM study revels that the grains are homogenous, without cracks or pinholes and well covers the glass substrate. The optical absorption and electrical conductivity was measured. The direct optical band gap value for the films was found to be of the order of 2.35eV at room temperature and have specific electrical conductivity of the order of 10(-2) (Omega cm)(-1) showing n-type conduction mechanism. The utility of the adapted technique is discussed from the view-point of applications considering the optoelectric and structural data. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aSemiconductor1 aAsabe, M., R.1 aChate, P., A.1 aDelekar, S., D.1 aGaradkar, K., M.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S.1 aHankare, P., P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-characterization-chemically-deposited-indium-selenide-thin-films-room-001991nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260010600239300001200345490000700357520109500364653002501459653001201484653001901496653002301515653001801538100002801556700002201584700002501606856013001631       2011                        eng d  a0025-540800aLow temperature pH dependent synthesis of flower-like ZnO nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic activity0 aLow temperature pH dependent synthesis of flowerlike ZnO nanostr  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcMAY  a771-7780 v463 a<p>In the present study we have synthesized flower-like ZnO nanostructures comprising of nanobelts of 20 nm width by template and surfactant free low-temperature (4 degrees C) aqueous solution route. The ZnO nanostructures exhibit flower-like morphology, having crystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure with (001) orientation. The flowers with size between 600 and 700 nm consist of ZnO units having crystallite size of similar to 40 nm. Chemical and structural characterization reveals a significant role of precursor: ligand molar ratio, pH, and temperature in the formation of single-step flower-like ZnO at low temperature. Plausible growth mechanism for the formation of flower-like structure has been discussed in detail. Photoluminescence studies confirm formation of ZnO with the defects in crystal structure. The flower-like ZnO nanostructures exhibit enhanced photochemical degradation of methylene blue (MB) with the increased concentration of ligand, indicating attribution of structural features in the photocatalytic properties. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCatalytic properties10aDefects10aNanostructures10aOptical properties10aSemiconductor1 aVaishampayan, Mukta, V.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S.1 aJoshi, Satyawati, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/low-temperature-ph-dependent-synthesis-flower-zno-nanostructures-enhanced-photocatalytic-001888nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245008900055210006900144260006900213300001200282490000800294520105600302653002301358653001501381653001801396653001501414100001801429700001801447700002501465700002201490700002401512856011001536       2015                        eng d  a0925-400500aEffect of Pd and Ce on the enhancement of ethanol vapor response of SnO2 thick films0 aEffect of Pd and Ce on the enhancement of ethanol vapor response  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcFEB  a383-3900 v2073 a<p>The undoped SnO2 and 4 wt% Ce-doped SnO2 were successfully synthesized by a facile co-precipitation route. The ternary systems were prepared by Pd-loading (0.5, 1.5 and 3.0 wt%) on the 4 wt% Ce-doped SnO2 nanoparticles. The structure and morphology of the nanocrystalline powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The nanocrystalline powders were screen printed on the alumina substrates to form thick films to investigate their gas response properties. The gas response studies reveal that 4 wt% Ce-doped SnO2 with the loading of 3.0 wt% Pd exhibits high response (88%) towards ethanol (100 ppm) at an operating temperature of 250 degrees C with quick response (6 s) and rapid recovery (20 s). The high ethanol vapor response at lower operating temperature of this sensor is attributed to the spill-over mechanism of Pd particles present on the SnO2 surface and enhancement in alkalescence of SnO2 due to Ce-doping. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCe-doped tin oxide10aGas sensor10aSemiconductor10aThick film1 aBagal, L., K.1 aPatil, J., Y.1 aVaishampayan, M., V.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S.1 aSuryavanshi, S., S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-pd-and-ce-enhancement-ethanol-vapor-response-sno2-thick-films-002506nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006800124260010200192300001000294490000800304520163300312653001301945653001701958653001901975653001601994653001802010653001802028653002002046100002502066700003302091700003002124856009802154       2015                        eng d  a0974-362600aRecent developments in solar H-2 generation from water splitting0 aRecent developments in solar H2 generation from water splitting  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJAN  a33-470 v1273 a<p>Hydrogen production from water and sunlight through photocatalysis could become one of the channels, in the not-so-distant future, to meet a part of ever growing energy demands. However, accomplishing solar water splitting through semiconductor particulate photocatalysis seems to be the `Holy Grail' problem of science. In the present mini-review, some of the critical strategies of semiconductor photocatalysis are focused with the aim of enumerating underlying critical factors such as visible light harvesting, charge carrier separation, conduction and their utilization that determine the quantum efficiency. We attempted to bring out the essential requirements expected in a material for facile water splitting by explaining important and new designs contributed in the last decade. The newly emerged designs in semiconductor architecture employing nanoscience towards meeting the critical factors of facile photocatalysis are elucidated. The importance of band gap engineering is emphasized to utilize potential wide band gap semiconductors. Assistance of metal nanostructures and quantum dots to semiconductors attains vital importance as they are exuberant visible light harvesters and charge carrier amplifiers. Benevolent use of quantum dots in solar water splitting and photoelectrochemical water splitting provides scope to revolutionize the quantum efficiency by its multiple exciton generation features. A list of drawbacks and issues that hamper the much needed breakthrough in photocatalysis of water splitting is provided to invite attention to address them and move towards sustainable water splitting.</p>10aHydrogen10ananomaterial10aPhotocatalysis10aquantum dot10aSemiconductor10avisible light10awater splitting1 aRajaambal, Sivaraman1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/recent-developments-solar-h-2-generation-water-splitting-0