01994nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260000800220300001200228490000700240520121800247653002701465653003901492653002401531653001501555653002801570100002101598700003001619856012701649       2022                        eng d  a0141-549200aBiosynthetic process and strain improvement approaches for industrial penicillin production0 aBiosynthetic process and strain improvement approaches for indus  cFEB  a179-1920 v443 a<p>
	Penicillins and cephalosporins are the most important class of beta (beta) lactam antibiotics, accounting for 65% total antibiotic market. Penicillins are produced by Penicillium rubens (popularly known as P. chrysogenum) were used to synthesize the active pharmaceutical intermediate (API), 6-aminopenicillinic acid (6-APA) employed in semisynthetic antibiotic production. The wild strains produce a negligible amount of penicillin (Pen). High antibiotic titre-producing P. chrysogenum strains are necessitating for industrial Pen production to meet global demand at lower prices. Classical strain improvement (CSI) approaches such as random mutagenesis, medium engineering, and fermentation are the cornerstones for high-titer Pen production. Since, Sir Alexander Fleming Discovery of Pen, great efforts are expanded to develop at a commercial scale antibiotics producing strains. Breakthroughs in genetic engineering, heterologous expression and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools opened a new window for Pen production at a commercial scale to assure health crisis. The current state of knowledge, limitations of CSI and genetic engineering approaches to Pen production are discussed in this review.</p>
10abeta-lactam antibiotic10aClassical strain improvement (CSI)10aGenetic engineering10aPenicillin10aPenicillium chrysogenum1 aSawant, Amol, M.1 aVamkudoth, Koteswara, Rao  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biosynthetic-process-and-strain-improvement-approaches-industrial-penicillin-production03068nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245014600055210006900201260000800270300001100278490000800289520210100297653002402398653002402422653001802446653002502464653002702489653002202516100002002538700002502558700001702583700001702600700002302617700002002640856013002660       2024                        eng d  a0008-621500aMicrobial production of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) for versatile applications: biotechnological strategies for green process development0 aMicrobial production of NacetylDglucosamine GlcNAc for versatile  cFEB  a1090390 v5363 a<p>
	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is a commercially important amino sugar for its wide range of applications in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics and biofuel industries. In nature, GlcNAc is polymerised into chitin biopolymer, which is one of the major constituents of fungal cell wall and outer shells of crustaceans. Sea food processing industries generate a large volume of chitin as biopolymeric waste. Because of its high abundance, chitinaceous shellfish wastes have been exploited as one of the major precursor substrates of GlcNAc production, both in chemical and enzymatic means. Nevertheless, the current process of GlcNAc extraction from shellfish wastes generates poor turnover and attracts environmental hazards. Moreover, GlcNAc isolated from shellfish could not be prescribed to certain groups of people because of the allergic nature of shell components. Therefore, an alternative route of GlcNAc production is advocated. With the advancement of metabolic construction and synthetic biology, microbial synthesis of GlcNAc is gaining much attention nowadays. Several new and cuttingedge technologies like substrate co-utilization strategy, promoter engineering, and CRISPR interference system were proposed in this fascinating area. The study would put forward the potential application of microbial engineering in the production of important pharmaceuticals. Very recently, autotrophic fermentation of GlcNAc synthesis has been proposed. The metabolic engineering approaches would offer great promise to mitigate the issues of low yield and high production cost, which are major challenges in microbial bio-processes industries. Further process optimization, optimising metabolic flux, and efficient recovery of GlcNAc from culture broth, should be investigated in order to achieve a high product titer. The current study presents a comprehensive review on microbe-based eco-friendly green methods that would pave the way towards the development of future research directions in this field for the designing of a cost-effective fermentation process on an industrial setup.</p>
10aGenetic engineering10aGlcNAc applications10aMarket status10aMicrobial bioprocess10aN-acetyl-D-glucosamine10asynthetic biology1 aDas, Sancharini1 aChowdhury, Chiranjit1 aKumar, Pavan1 aRoy, Debasis1 aGosavi, Suresh, W.1 aSen, Ramkrishna  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/microbial-production-n-acetyl-d-glucosamine-glcnac-versatile-applications-biotechnological