01982nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260009900289300001400388490000800402520103100410653001801441653001201459653001801471653002601489653002501515100001801540700001801558700002101576700001401597856012901611 2010 eng d a0960-852400aBiocatalytic approach for the utilization of hemicellulose for ethanol production from agricultural residue using thermostable xylanase and thermotolerant yeast0 aBiocatalytic approach for the utilization of hemicellulose for e aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUL a5366-53730 v1013 a

A hydrolysis of 62% and 50% for OSX (Oat spelt xylan) and WBH (Wheat bran hemicellulose) were obtained in 36 h and 48 h using Accellerase(TM) 1000 at 50 degrees C wherein thermostable xylanase from alkalothermophilic Thermomonospora sp. yielded 67% (OSX) in 3 h and 58% (WBH) in 24 h at 60 degrees C, favouring a reduction in process time and enzyme dosage. The rate of hydrolysis with thermostable xylanase was increased by 20% with the addition of nonionic surfactant tween 80 or biosurfactant sophorolipid. The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of OSX and WBH using thermostable xylanase and D. hansenii in batch cultures produced 9.1 g/L and 9.5 g/L of ethanol, respectively and had a shorter overall process time than the separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). The immobilized yeast cells in Ca-alginate matrix produced ethanol with a yield of 0.46 g/g from hemicellulosic hydrolysates and were reused six times with 100% fermentation efficiency. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aBiosurfactant10aEthanol10aHemicellulose10aThermostable xylanase10aThermotolerant yeast1 aMenon, Vishnu1 aPrakash, Gyan1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aRao, Mala uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biocatalytic-approach-utilization-hemicellulose-ethanol-production-agricultural-residue-002367nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245016600055210006900221260007300290300001200363490000800375520144300383653001201826653002201838653001501860653002701875653002501902653001801927100001801945700001801963700001401981856013001995 2010 eng d a0168-165600aEnzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production using xyloglucanase and debaromyces hansenii from tamarind kernel powder: galactoxyloglucan predominant hemicellulose0 aEnzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production using xyloglucanase  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAUG a233-2390 v1483 a

The hydrolysis and ethanol production from tamarind kernel powder (TKP), a rich source of galactoxyloglucan (GXG) was investigated for the first time using xyloglucanase and thermotolerant Debaromyces hansenii. The acid hydrolysis of TKP with 2N H(2)SO(4) at 120 degrees C for 30 min yielded an overall saccharification of 94% based on the total available carbohydrate content and further fermentation at 40 degrees C with thermotolerant D hansenii produced an ethanol yield of 0.35 g/g. A maximum hydrolysis of 55 and 78% for GXG was obtained in 48 h at 50 degrees C using Thermomonospora xyloglucanase (TXy) and accellerase (TM) 1000, respectively. The synergistic effect of beta-galactosidase and xyloglucanase was demonstrated by the exogenous addition of beta-galactosidase to TXy which improved the overall hydrolysis of GXG by 30%. The rate of hydrolysis of GXG with TXy and accellerase was increased by 15-20% in the presence of chemical surfactants (tween 80 and toluene) or protein additive (BSA). The fermentation of enzymatic hydrolysates of GXG by TXy and accellerase with free cells at 40 degrees C produced an ethanol yield of 0.39 and 0.41 g/g whereas with immobilized cells produced 0.45 and 0.43 g/g, respectively, with a theoretical conversion efficiencies of 78-88%. The immobilized yeast cells were reused six times at 40 degrees C with 100% fermentation efficiency. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aEthanol10aGalactoxyloglucan10aHydrolysis10aTamarind kernel powder10aThermotolerant yeast10aXyloglucanase1 aMenon, Vishnu1 aPrakash, Gyan1 aRao, Mala uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enzymatic-hydrolysis-and-ethanol-production-using-xyloglucanase-and-debaromyces-hansenii-001491nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260007300246300001200319490000700331520068400338653001601022653001201038653001801050653001901068653002401087100002001111700002201131856012001153 2010 eng d a1003-995300aSynthesis of ethyl acetate by esterification of acetic acid with ethanol over a heteropolyacid on montmorillonite K100 aSynthesis of ethyl acetate by esterification of acetic acid with aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAR a161-1640 v193 a

In present work, liquid phase esterification of acetic acid with ethanol over dodecatungestophosphoric acid (DTPA) supported on K10 mommorillonite was systematically studied and optimization of process parameters was carried out The 20% m/m urpAtK tO was found to be the optimum catalyst with 90% acetic acid conversion and 100% ethyl acetate selectivity The study was also explored to see the feasibility of 20% m/m DTPA/K10 as a catalyst for the alkylation of acetic acid with other alcohols like methanol, iso-propanol and sr-butanol. The 20% m/m DTPA/K10 has shown increased activity with the increase in carbon number, at the same alcohol reflux The results are novel

10aAcetic acid10aEthanol10aethyl acetate10aHeteropolyacid10amontmorillonite K101 aGurav, Hanumant1 aBokade, Vijay, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-ethyl-acetate-esterification-acetic-acid-ethanol-over-heteropolyacid-002048nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200260007300269300001200342490000700354520117600361653001201537653001501549653001301564653001401577653001401591653002501605100001801630700001901648700001401667856012501681 2011 eng d a0378-382000aBioethanol production from renewable polymer lichenan using lichenase from an alkalothermophilic thermomonospora sp and thermotolerant yeast0 aBioethanol production from renewable polymer lichenan using lich aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAR a401-4060 v923 a

Biomass feedstocks available decentrally will be more commodious for localized biorefinery approach than the exhaustive large scale and centralized plants driven by cost intensive technology. Lichen is present in a wide range of habitats in a distributed manner. A maximum hydrolysis of 73%-76% for lichenan from Cetraria islandica, Usnea barbata and Parmelia sp. were obtained in 24 h using lichenase from an alkalothermophilic Thermomonospora sp. wherein the hydrolysis was 100% with commercial enzyme Accellerase (TM) 1000. The synergistic role of beta-glucosidase in lichenan hydrolysis was demonstrated by the exogenous addition of beta-glucosidase to Thermomonospora lichenase which resulted in complete hydrolysis. The hydrolysates of lichenan obtained using Accellerase or a cocktail of Thermomonospora lichenase and beta-glucosidase when fermented with free cells of Saccharomyces at 40 degrees C produced an ethanol yield of 0.45 g/g-0.48 g/g with theoretical conversion efficiencies of 93%-96%. The Ca-alginate immobilized yeast cells were reused eight times at 40 degrees C with 100% fermentation efficiency. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aEthanol10aHydrolysis10aLichenan10aLichenase10aSynergism10aThermotolerant yeast1 aMenon, Vishnu1 aDivate, Rupesh1 aRao, Mala uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bioethanol-production-renewable-polymer-lichenan-using-lichenase-alkalothermophilic-002036nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245009900055210006900154260009900223300001400322490000800336520113800344653002401482653002401506653001201530653001601542653002501558100002201583700002001605700002801625700002001653856012101673 2011 eng d a0960-852400aDevelopment of biocatalysts for production of commodity chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass0 aDevelopment of biocatalysts for production of commodity chemical aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcMAR a4304-43120 v1023 a

Lignocellulosic biomass is recognized as potential sustainable source for production of power, biofuels and variety of commodity chemicals which would potentially add economic value to biomass. Recalcitrance nature of biomass is largely responsible for the high cost of its conversion. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce some cost effective pretreatment processes to make the biomass polysaccharides easily amenable to enzymatic attack to release mixed fermentable sugars. Advancement in systemic biology can provide new tools for the development of such biocatalysts for sustainable production of commodity chemicals from biomass. Integration of functional genomics and system biology approaches may generate efficient microbial systems with new metabolic routes for production of commodity chemicals. This paper provides an overview of the challenges that are faced by the processes converting lignocellulosic biomass to commodity chemicals. The critical factors involved in engineering new microbial biocatalysts are also discussed with more emphasis on commodity chemicals. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aBiomass utilization10aCommodity chemicals10aEthanol10aLactic acid10aMicrobial cellulases1 aAdsul, Mukund, G.1 aSinghvi, M., S.1 aGaikaiwari, Shalaka, A.1 aGokhale, D., V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/development-biocatalysts-production-commodity-chemicals-lignocellulosic-biomass-002381nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245014900055210006900204260009900273300001000372490000700382520140800389653000601797653000801803653003301811653002301844653001201867653001501879653001401894653002501908100001901933700001801952700001401970856013101984 2013 eng d a0964-830500aApproach towards biocatalytic valorisation of barley beta-glucan for bioethanol production using 1,3-1,4 beta-glucanase and thermotolerant yeast0 aApproach towards biocatalytic valorisation of barley betaglucan  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAUG a81-860 v823 a

The exploitation of renewable resource containing polymers other than cellulose and hemicellulose are critically important for the feasibility of biofuel production. The potential of 1,3-1,4 glucan 4-gluconohydrolyase mediated saccharification of barley beta-glucan (BG) was investigated for ethanol production using thermotolerant Saccharomyces sp. A maximum hydrolysis of 71% was obtained in 24 h using in-house produced 1,3-1,4 beta-glucanase from an alkalothermophilic Thermomonospora sp. whereas the hydrolysis was 100% with Accellerase (TM) 1000. The synergistic effect of beta-glucosidase and 1,3-1,4 beta-glucanase was demonstrated by the exogenous addition of beta-glucosidase to Thermomonospora 1,3-1,4 beta-glucanase which resulted in complete hydrolysis of BG. The hydrolysates of BG obtained using Accellerase or a cocktail of Thermomonospora 1,3-1,4 beta-glucanase and beta-glucosidase when fermented with free cells of Saccharomyces at 40 degrees C produced an ethanol yield of 0.44 g g(-1) and 0.46 g g(-1) respectively and when fermented with immobilized cells produced a yield of 0.49 g g(-1). The Ca-alginate immobilized yeast cells were reused nine times at 40 degrees C with 100% fermentation efficiency. The economics of barley-to-fuel ethanol program will ameliorate if in addition to barley starch, beta-glucan is also utilized. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10a110a3-110a4 Glucan 4-gluconohydrolyase10aBarley beta-glucan10aEthanol10aHydrolysis10aSynergism10aThermotolerant yeast1 aDivate, Rupesh1 aMenon, Vishnu1 aRao, Mala uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/approach-towards-biocatalytic-valorisation-barley-beta-glucan-bioethanol-production-using-002314nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245015200055210006900207260005700276300001000333490000700343520147800350653001301828653001201841653001101853653003601864100001801900700002701918700002101945856013001966 2013 eng d a1590-426100aEvaluation of ethanol production by a new isolate of yeast during fermentation in synthetic medium and sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate0 aEvaluation of ethanol production by a new isolate of yeast durin a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcMAR a63-700 v633 a

A new xylose fermenting yeast was isolated from over-ripe banana by enrichment in xylose-containing medium. The phylogenetic analysis of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region sequences of ribosomal RNA of isolate BY2 revealed that it shows affiliation to genus Pichia and clades with Pichia caribbica. In batch fermentation, Pichia strain BY2 fermented xylose, producing 15 g l(-1) ethanol from 30 g l(-1) xylose under shaking conditions at 28A degrees C, with ethanol yield of 0.5 g g(-1) and volumetric productivity of 0.31 g l(-1) h(-1). The optimum pH range for ethanol production from xylose by Pichia strain BY2 was 5-7. Pichia strain BY2 also produced 6.08 g l(-1) ethanol from 30 g l(-1) arabinose. Pichia strain BY2 can utilize sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose acid hydrolysate for alcohol production, efficiency of fermentation was improved by neutralization, and sequential use of activated charcoal adsorption method. Percent total sugar utilized and ethanol yield for the untreated hydrolysate was 17.14% w/v and 0.33 g g(-1), respectively, compared with 66.79% w/v and 0.45 g g(-1), respectively, for treated hemicellulose acid hydrolysate. This new yeast isolate showed ethanol yield of 0.45 g g(-1) and volumetric productivity of 0.33 g l(-1) h(-1) from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate detoxified by neutralization and activated charcoal treatment, and has potential application in practical process of ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysate.

10aD-xylose10aEthanol10aPichia10aSugarcane bagasse hemicellulose1 aHande, Aparna1 aMahajan, Siddharth, A.1 aPrabhune, Asmita uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/evaluation-ethanol-production-new-isolate-yeast-during-fermentation-synthetic-medium-and-002771nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245013200055210006900187260007300256300001200329490000800341520173600349653001202085653001302097653002302110653001702133653002002150100001702170700002002187700002002207700002402227700002802251700002302279700002202302700003102324856012602355 2015 eng d a0926-337300aHighly loaded well dispersed stable Ni species in NiXMg2AlOY nanocomposites: application to hydrogen production from bioethanol0 aHighly loaded well dispersed stable Ni species in NiXMg2AlOY nan aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAY a485-4960 v1663 a

Inexpensive NiXMg2AlOY nanocomposites with high Ni content (Ni wt% > 40%) are developed as efficient catalysts for the sustainable hydrogen production from a mixture of ethanol and water at low temperature. The NiXMg2AlOY nanocomposites are composed of small and uniform nanoparticles (4-6 nm) of NiO, Ni-Mg-(Al)-O and/or MgO. The strong interactions existing between Ni2+ cations and Mg2+ and/or Al3+ cations either in the Ni-Mg-(Al)-O solid solution and/or at the interface of nanoparticles of NiO and/or Ni-Mg-(Al)-O make the catalyst highly active and stable. The behavior of the solids is analyzed in the presence of low and high concentrations of ethanol while maintaining a H2O/EtOH molar ratio of 3. The NiXMg2AlOY catalysts are shown to be efficient toward H-2 production between 250 and 650 degrees C. In the presence of low concentration of ethanol, on the highly loaded Ni compound (Ni12Mg2AlOY), total conversion of ethanol is obtained at 250 degrees C without formation of CO and carbon, and at 300 degrees C a H-2 yield of 3 mol moletEtOH(-1) is obtained without the formation of CO, exhibiting a remarkable stability with the time on stream even if some carbon is formed. In high concentration of ethanol, total conversion of ethanol is obtained at 450 degrees C on the highly loaded Ni compound (Ni12Mg2AlOY). In such conditions, a stable co-generation of carbon nanofibrous materials which amount increases with Ni content is also obtained. The catalytic stability is related to the type and morphology of the carbon species formed. The correlations among the catalyst properties, the catalytic performances and the characterizations are thoroughly discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aEthanol10aHydrogen10aNanofibrous carbon10anickel oxide10aSteam reforming1 aFang, Wenhao1 aPaul, Sebastien1 aCapron, Mickael1 aBiradar, Ankush, V.1 aUmbarkar, Shubhangi, B.1 aDongare, Mohan, K.1 aDumeignil, Franck1 aJalowiecki-Duhamel, Louise uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/highly-loaded-well-dispersed-stable-ni-species-nixmg2aloy-nanocomposites-application-002089nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245015400055210006900209260000800278300000800286490000600294520125200300653000901552653001201561653001201573653002701585653003401612100002301646700001601669700001601685700002201701856012401723 2019 eng d a2190-572X00aUse of Plackett-Burman design for enhanced phytase production by Williopsis saturnus NCIM 3298 for applications in animal feed and ethanol production0 aUse of PlackettBurman design for enhanced phytase production by  cJUN a2370 v93 a

Distiller-dried grain solid (DDGS), a co-product of alcohol production, contains cereal grain residues, proteins, and yeast metabolites, which make it suitable in poultry feeding. However, high phytate content of DDGS limits its applicability in poultry feed. In this study, Plackett-Burman design was used to improve cell-bound phytase production by Williopsis saturnus NCIM 3298, and we achieved an enzyme activity of 269IU/g of dry-wet biomass. The effect of this enhanced phytase-displaying yeast strain on hydrolysis of corn phytate and subsequently on ethanol production and DDGS quality was then investigated. Results of saccharification in the presence of phytase showed that reducing sugar content of liquefied mash increased by 11%, which subsequently improved the ethanol production by 18% (w/v) (p<0.01) compared with the control. Notably, phytase treatment decreased the phytate content of corn by 70% (p<0.01) compared with the control, thereby improving the availability of free phosphate in fermentation broth and DDGS. Thus, the results obtained suggest that the addition of W. saturnus NCIM 3298 strain has the potential of providing a new source of phytase that would be useful in the feed and ethanol industries.

10aDDGS10aEthanol10aPhytase10aPlackett-Burman Design10aWilliopsis saturnus NCIM 32981 aPable, Anupama, A.1 aShah, Sarah1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKhire, Jayant, M. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/use-plackett-burman-design-enhanced-phytase-production-williopsis-saturnus-ncim-329802103nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245013500055210006900190260000900259300001100268490000800279520129300287653001401580653001001594653001201604653001001616653002901626653001001655100002201665700002101687700002101708856013201729 2021 eng d a0378-381200aEffect of CaCl2 and ZnCl2 salts on isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium in separation of the azeotropic mixture of ethanol plus water0 aEffect of CaCl2 and ZnCl2 salts on isobaric vaporliquid equilibr cJUN  a1130000 v5373 a

Present work analyzes potential of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and zinc chloride (ZaCl(2)) salts as entrainer for breaking the minimum boiling azeotrope of ethanol and water. Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the binary systems of water + ethanol and ternary system of water + ethanol + calcium chloride, and water + ethanol + zinc chloride were measured at a constant pressure of 94.5 kPa. The effect of salts on the relative volatility of ethanol to water as well as on the vapor phase mole fractions of ethanol were also studied experimentally. From the experimental results, it is observed that with addition of salts, the azeotropic point of the ethanol and water system can be eliminated. Salting out effects in case of calcium chloride was more than that zinc chloride salt. The results obtained in this work showed that calcium chloride could be a better choice for separation of the water + ethanol azeotrope. Electrolyte nonrandom two-liquid (eNRTL) model was used to correlate the experimental VLE data. The model prediction with the regressed parameters was found in well agreement with the experimental data. The experimental data obtained in this work was found thermodynamically consistent using van Ness test. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aAzeotrope10aeNRTL10aEthanol10asalts10aVapor-liquid equilibrium10aWater1 aGhuge, Pravin, D.1 aMali, Nilesh, A.1 aJoshi, Sunil, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-cacl2-and-zncl2-salts-isobaric-vapor-liquid-equilibrium-separation-azeotropic-mixture02564nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245013800055210006900193260000800262490000700270520158500277653001701862653002401879653001801903653001201921653001901933100001601952700001501968700001601983700001601999700002202015700002702037700002702064700002802091700002502119856013002144 2023 eng d a0935-964800aIntrinsic charge polarization in Bi19S27Cl3 nanorods promotes selective C-C coupling reaction during photoreduction of CO2 to ethanol0 aIntrinsic charge polarization in Bi19S27Cl3 nanorods promotes se cFEB0 v353 a

Obtaining multi-carbon products via CO2 photoreduction is a major catalytic challenge involving multielectron-mediated C-C bond formation. Complex design of multicomponent interfaces that are exploited to achieve this chemical transformation, often leads to untraceable deleterious changes in the interfacial chemical environment affecting CO2 conversion efficiency and product selectivity. Alternatively, robust metal centers having asymmetric charge distribution can effectuate C-C coupling reaction through the stabilization of intermediates, for desired product selectivity. However, generating inherent charge distribution in a single component catalyst is a difficult material design challenge. Here, a novel photocatalyst, Bi19S27Cl3, is presented which selectively converts CO2 to a C-2 product, ethanol, in high yield under visible light irradiation. Structural analysis through transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the presence of charge polarized bismuth centers in Bi19S27Cl3. The intrinsic electric field induced by charge polarized bismuth centers renders better separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pair. Furthermore, charge polarized centers yield better adsorption of CO* intermediate and accelerate the rate determining C-C coupling step through the formation of OCCOH intermediate. Formation of these intermediates is experimentally mapped by in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and further confirmed by theoretical calculation.

10aC-C coupling10acharge polarization10aCO2 reduction10aEthanol10aPhotocatalysis1 aDas, Kousik1 aDas, Risov1 aRiyaz, Mohd1 aParui, Arko1 aBagchi, Debabrata1 aSingh, Ashutosh, Kumar1 aSingh, Abhishek, Kumar1 aVinod, Chathakudath, P.1 aPeter, Sebastian, C. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/intrinsic-charge-polarization-bi19s27cl3-nanorods-promotes-selective-c-c-coupling-reaction02207nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245013600055210006900191260000800260300001100268490000800279520114300287653002701430653002201457653002401479653001201503653002201515653001301537100002101550700002601571700002401597700002601621700002201647700002501669700001801694700002701712700002601739856012801765 2025 eng d a1385-894700aDeciphering the intricate mechanisms behind the selective oxidation of methane to C1 and C2 oxygenates over FeAu/γ-Al2O3 catalysts0 aDeciphering the intricate mechanisms behind the selective oxidat cMAY a1625100 v5123 a

In this work, we demonstrate an eco-benign synthesis protocol for preparing gold nanoparticles and the role of the strong interaction between gold nanoparticles and iron oxide in FeAu/gamma-Al2O3 catalysts that render it an anionic (Au delta-) character while tailoring them in a smaller size. The multifunctional FeAu/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst selectively produces ethanol (95 % selectivity, similar to 240 mu mol(-1) cat) at a mild temperature of 75 degrees C without the addition of co-reactants during liquid phase methane oxidation with molecular oxygen. Conversely, Au/gamma-Al2O3 and Fe/gamma-Al2O3 catalysts exhibited high selectivity for CH3OH and HCHO. A high dispersion accompanied by strong electronic interaction between the Au delta–FeOx, as corroborated by diverse techniques, enables methane activation across the interface and coupling on the gold nanoparticles, which are responsible for the markedly improved formation of ethanol. Furthermore, in situ DRIFTS studies and DFT investigations point to a reaction mechanism of coupling of CH2OH and CH3 intermediates as the most likely route for ethanol formation.

10aAnionic gold catalysts10aAu-FeOx synergism10aC-H bond activation10aEthanol10aMethane oxidation10aMethanol1 aPrabu, Marimuthu1 aManikandan, Marimuthu1 aRengam, Sathya, Sai1 aRamakrishnan, Archana1 aRaja, Abhishekram1 aUrkude, Rajashri, R.1 aGhosh, Biplab1 aVarghese, Jithin, John1 aRaja, Thirumalaiswamy uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/deciphering-intricate-mechanisms-behind-selective-oxidation-methane-c1-and-c2-oxygenates