02931nas a2200169   4500008004100000245013500041210006900176260000800245300001200253490000600265520226300271100003002534700002202564700002502586700001802611856013202629       2014                        eng d00aFactors influence on growth, don and niv production by two species of fusarium isolated from finger millets [eleusine coracana l.]0 aFactors influence on growth don and niv production by two specie  cDEC  a312-3170 v63 aABSTRACT Objective: The present investigations (In vitro) on an influence of different synthetic and food based [flour] media, pH, temperature and microbial nutrients on growth, Deoxynivalenol [DON] and Nivalenol [NIV] production by Fusarium aethiopicum and F. culmorum was carried out. Methods: Fusarium species associated with the finger millets were isolated and identified phenotypically and further confirmed by molecular methods by Polymerase Chain Reaction [PCR]. Monosporic seven day old F. aethiopicum and F. culmorum were grown in CYA broth and incubated at 27±2°C on rotary shaker for 21 days at 120 rpm. At the end of 21 day incubation period, cultures were harvested for determination of fungal biomass. The resultant culture filtrates were extracted twice with ethyl acetate and concentrated to get and final concentration of 1 ml in methanol and employed for RP-HPLC analysis for detection of DON and NIV production. Results: Finger millets flour medium induced the highest amount of mycelial growth, DON and NIV production by F. aethiopicum. However, F. culmorum achieved highest amount of hyphal growth, DON and NIV production under the influence of yeast extract sucrose [YES] medium. Maize flour medium, rice flour medium and sorghum flour medium was next preffered substrates. Optimum pH of 5.5-6.5 and temperature of 20-35°C for growth, DON and NIV production was observed. Both the species of Fusarium failed to grow and produce toxins at pH 2.5-3.5 and temperature of 40°C. Yeast extract was most favorable for maximum DON and NIV production, which increased with an increase in its concentration. On the other hand, malt extract and beef extract induced good growth and mycotoxin production at comparatively higher concentration in both the species of Fusarium under study. Conclusion: Comparatively food based media were the better substrates than synthetic media for both growth and DOIN and NIV production by two species of Fusarium under investigation. A positive correlation coefficient [r] on growth [0.458], DON [0.744] and NIV [0.882] was recorded among the media and both the species of Fusarium. Keywords: Finger millets, F. aethiopicum, F. culmorum, Synthetic media, pH, Temperature, Microbial nutrients, DON, NIV, HPLC1 aVankudoth, Koteswara, Rao1 aPenugonda, Shilpa1 aSivadevuni, Girisham1 aReddy, S., M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/factors-influence-growth-don-and-niv-production-two-species-fusarium-isolated-finger-millets02350nas a2200181   4500008004100000245013400041210006900175260000800244300001200252490000600264520164200270100002201912700003001934700001901964700002501983700003302008856012702041       2015                        eng d00aInfluence of carbon and nitrogen source on growth, DON and NIV production by two species of fusarium isolated from finger millets0 aInfluence of carbon and nitrogen source on growth DON and NIV pr  cMAR  a136-1390 v73 a<p>Objective: Influence of different carbon [C] and nitrogen [N] source on the growth and Deoxynivalenol [DON] and Nivalenol [NIV] production by Fusarium aethiopicum and Fusarium culmorum was investigated. Methods: Seven days old monosporic cultures of F. aethiopicum strain GSKUMB [KJ21085] and F. culmorum strain GSKUMB [KJ190159] were grown in CYA broth and incubated at 27±2°C on the rotary shaker at 120 rpm for 21 days. At the end of incubation period, cultures were harvested for determination of fungal growth (biomass). The resultant culture filtrates were extracted twice with ethyl acetate and concentrated. One ml of final concentrate in methanol was employed for detection of DON and NIV with the help of RP-HPLC. Results: The highest amount of DON and NIV were produced by F. aethiopicum in the presence of D-mannose and D-galactose as C source, while the highest amount of biomass was recorded on maltose and succinic acid. F. culmorum produced maximum amount of toxins in the presence of D-glucose, D-mannitol and D-fructose. Sodium nitrate was most favorable nitrogen source as it induced maximum amount of toxins by F. aethiopicum, while L-methionine, L-asparatic acid and L-tryptophan were next preferred N source. In contrast, highest biomass of fungus was obtained with L-lysine, L-glutamine and L-tyrosine. F. culmorum produced maximum amount of toxin and biomass with potassium nitrate and L-tyrosine respectively. Conclusion: Present species of Fusarium differed varied both in toxins (DON, and NIV) and biomass production. Their response of fungi under investigation towards C and N sources is also varied.</p>1 aPenugonda, Shilpa1 aRao, Vankudoth, Koteswara1 aRao, Narasimha1 aSivadevuni, Girisham1 aReddy, Solipuram, Madhusudha  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-carbon-and-nitrogen-source-growth-don-and-niv-production-two-species-fusarium02252nas a2200169   4500008004100000245012500041210006900166260000800235300001000243490000700253520158400260100002201844700003001866700002501896700003301921856012801954       2015                        eng d00aInfluence of different fusarium species on seed germination and seedlings growth of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.)0 aInfluence of different fusarium species on seed germination and   cMAR  a81-890 v113 a<p>Effect of agriculturally important Fusariumspecies on the seed germination and seedling growth of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) was investigated. Species of Fusarium caused significant seed germination inhibition and seedling growth which varied with the species and age of the culture. Culture filtrates of F. moniliforme, F. proliferatum, F. chlamydosporum, F. aethiopicum, F. heterosporum and F. sporotrichoides were comparatively more toxic. The correlation coefficients between polished and unpolished variety of fingermillet seed germination inhibition (0.574, P=0.005), shoot elongation inhibition (0.893, P=0.0000) and root elongation inhibition (0.175, P=0.1770) with culture filtrates of different species of Fusarium was recorded. Pathogenicity studies revealed that F. roseum, F.sporotrichoides, F. proliferatum and F.oxysporum caused seedrot and seedling death. The maximumroot elongation inhibition (52.20%), mean (36.39%) andminimum(14.73%)were recorded toward the toxicity of different species of Fusarium. Significant and positive correlation (0.802, P=0.0026) between the root and shoot, (0.393, P=0.130) between shoot and leaf, (0.121, P=0.369) between root and leaf elongation inhibition of finger millet could be observed. The culture filtrates ofmajormycotoxigenic strains of Fusariumrevealed production of Zearalenone (ZEA), T2 toxin, nivalenol (NIV), Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Deoxyscripenol (DAS). Toxicity of Fusarium species to its seed germination and seedling growth may be attributed to their secondary metabolites including mycotoxins.</p>1 aPenugonda, Shilpa1 aRao, Vankudoth, Koteswara1 aSivadevuni, Girisham1 aReddy, Solipuram, Madhusudha  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-different-fusarium-species-seed-germination-and-seedlings-growth-finger-millet