01831nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245006500055210006500120260009500185300001400280490000600294520104900300653001701349653001701366653002301383100002101406700002101427700001401448700002101462700001901483856009901502 2007 eng d a1533-488000aBacterial enzyme mediated biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles0 aBacterial enzyme mediated biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles a25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USAbAMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERScDEC a4369-43770 v73 a

Development of synthesis methods for anisotropic metal nanoparticles is of considerable interest due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties. Various shapes ranging from rods to cubes to tetrapods and prisms may be obtained by chemical methods. Here we show that anisotropic gold nanoparticles can be synthesized biologically by the bacterium Actinobacter spp. when challenged with gold chloride in the presence of Bovine serum albumin (BSA). We also observed that synthesis of gold nanoparticles occur with simultaneous induction of the protease enzyme secreted by the bacterium in the presence of BSA. The presence of BSA helps to enhance the rate of gold nanoparticles biosynthesis and may also impart some shape control. Controlling simple experimental conditions like incubation temperature and presence or absence of oxygen have drastic effect on the reaction rate and the morphology of the particles. Various assay experiments show that the presence of enzyme protease can act as a reducing as well as shape directing agent.

10aBiosynthesis10abovine serum10agold nanoparticles1 aBharde, Atul, A.1 aKulkarni, Aarohi1 aRao, Mala1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aSastry, Murali uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bacterial-enzyme-mediated-biosynthesis-gold-nanoparticles-001541nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245009200055210006900147260007900216300001200295490000800307520072400315653002401039653002101063653001701084653002601101653001601127653001601143100001601159700002101175856011501196 2009 eng d a0273-228900aBrevibacillus sp: a novel thermophilic source for the production of bile salt hydrolase0 aBrevibacillus sp a novel thermophilic source for the production  a999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USAbHUMANA PRESS INCcMAY a254-2620 v1573 a

A thermophilic microorganism growing within the temperature range of 40-65 A degrees C (optimum at 55 A degrees C) was isolated from hot water springs near Konkan, Maharashtra, India. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, it was concluded that the isolate belongs to the genus Brevibacillus. The present paper reports the isolation, identification, and standardization of fermentation conditions for the production of enzyme, bile salt hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.24) which is produced intracellularly at high temperatures. This is the first report regarding the production of bile salt hydrolase from a thermophilic source. Optimization of fermentation conditions resulted in a 2.9-fold enhancement in enzyme production.

10aBile salt hydrolase10aBrevibacillus sp10aFermentation10aGlycodeoxycholic acid10aHot springs10aThermophile1 aSridevi, N.1 aPrabhune, Asmita uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/brevibacillus-sp-novel-thermophilic-source-production-bile-salt-hydrolase-001982nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260009900289300001400388490000800402520103100410653001801441653001201459653001801471653002601489653002501515100001801540700001801558700002101576700001401597856012901611 2010 eng d a0960-852400aBiocatalytic approach for the utilization of hemicellulose for ethanol production from agricultural residue using thermostable xylanase and thermotolerant yeast0 aBiocatalytic approach for the utilization of hemicellulose for e aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUL a5366-53730 v1013 a

A hydrolysis of 62% and 50% for OSX (Oat spelt xylan) and WBH (Wheat bran hemicellulose) were obtained in 36 h and 48 h using Accellerase(TM) 1000 at 50 degrees C wherein thermostable xylanase from alkalothermophilic Thermomonospora sp. yielded 67% (OSX) in 3 h and 58% (WBH) in 24 h at 60 degrees C, favouring a reduction in process time and enzyme dosage. The rate of hydrolysis with thermostable xylanase was increased by 20% with the addition of nonionic surfactant tween 80 or biosurfactant sophorolipid. The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of OSX and WBH using thermostable xylanase and D. hansenii in batch cultures produced 9.1 g/L and 9.5 g/L of ethanol, respectively and had a shorter overall process time than the separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). The immobilized yeast cells in Ca-alginate matrix produced ethanol with a yield of 0.46 g/g from hemicellulosic hydrolysates and were reused six times with 100% fermentation efficiency. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aBiosurfactant10aEthanol10aHemicellulose10aThermostable xylanase10aThermotolerant yeast1 aMenon, Vishnu1 aPrakash, Gyan1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aRao, Mala uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biocatalytic-approach-utilization-hemicellulose-ethanol-production-agricultural-residue-001829nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245009200055210006900147260010400216300001100320520118700331100002601518700002101544856011801565 2013 eng d a2314-613300aBiosurfactant-sophorolipid acts in synergy with antibiotics to enhance their efficiency0 aBiosurfactantsophorolipid acts in synergy with antibiotics to en a410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, \#287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USAbHINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATIONcAPR a5124953 a

Sophorolipids (SLs), biosurfactants with antimicrobial properties, have been tried to address the problem of antibiotic resistance. The synergistic action of SL and antibiotics was checked using standard microdilution and spread plate methods. With Staphylococcus aureus, SL-tetracycline combination achieved total inhibition before 4 h of exposure while tetracycline alone couldnot achieve total inhibition till the end of 6 h. The inhibition caused by exposure of bacterium to SL-tetracycline mixture was similar to 25% more as compared to SL alone. In spite of known robustness of gram-negative bacteria, SL-cefaclor mixture proved to be efficient against Escherichia coli which showed similar to 48% more inhibition within 2 h of exposure as compared to cefaclor alone. Scanning electron microscopy of the cells treated with mixture revealed bacterial cell membrane damage and pore formation. Moreover, SLs being a type of asymmetric bola, they are expected to form self-assemblies with unique functionality. This led to the speculation that SLs being amphiphilic in nature can span through the structurally alike cell membrane and facilitate the entry of drug molecules.

1 aJoshi-Navare, Kasturi1 aPrabhune, Asmita uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biosurfactant-sophorolipid-acts-synergy-antibiotics-enhance-their-efficiency-002469nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001400041245014300055210006900198260011000267300001600377490000600393520167100399100002102070700002102091700002402112700002102136856013002157 2016 eng d a2046-206900aBioavailability studies of curcumin-sophorolipid nano-conjugates in the aqueous phase: role in the synthesis of uniform gold nanoparticles0 aBioavailability studies of curcuminsophorolipid nanoconjugates i aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJUL a68504-685140 v63 a

The major limiting factors for curcumin to be accepted as a modern drug, despite its widespread applications, are its low aqueous solubility, low retention time and poor bioavailability. When subjected to a mild physical stress, curcumin is observed to internalize within the micellar hydrophobic core of oleic acid sophorolipid resulting in the formation of curcumin-sophorolipid nanoconjugates (CurSL). These bio-composites show enhanced retention time and increased bioavailability of curcumin in rat models. In the presence of gold salts, CurSL act as potent reducing and capping agents, resulting in the synthesis of monodispersed, spherical gold nanoparticles (CurSL-GNPs) of 8-10 nm in size. Physicochemical, morphological and optical characteristics of both the nanoparticles are discussed based on spectroscopic absorption, photoluminescence (PL), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, SEM and TEM measurements. FTIR spectroscopy signatures of these nanoparticles confirm the retention of functional groups in the end products. A retention time of 2 hours in blood plasma and an increase in curcumin recovery by about 150 times that previously reported were observed in the pharmacokinetic (pK(a)) studies performed on Wistar rats. The bio-distribution of gold nanoparticles in rats was studied using EDX, which revealed their presence in different vital organs. The absence of unusual legions or necrosis in histopathological analysis of vital organs in all the rat models suggests the use of curcuminsophorolipid nano-conjugates enhances curcumin bioavailability and the Cur-SL based nano-gold formulation is a good drug delivery carrier.

1 aDarne, Priti, A.1 aMehta, Mihir, R.1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.1 aPrabhune, Asmita uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bioavailability-studies-curcumin-sophorolipid-nano-conjugates-aqueous-phase-role-synthesis01813nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245008400055210006900139260007400208300001000282490000700292520109600299100002301395700001801418700002201436700002101458700002501479856011501504 2016 eng d a0015-563200aBiological activity of sophorolipids and their possible use as antiviral agents0 aBiological activity of sophorolipids and their possible use as a aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcJAN a85-890 v613 a

Sophorolipids are surface active glycolipids consisting of a hydrophilic sophorose unit and a hydrophobic portion composed of a fatty acid tail. Crude sophorolipid sample contains both acidic and lactonic forms of sophorolipid with different degrees of acetylation and varying lengths of the fatty acid chains depending on the substrates used in the production process. Carboxylic end in the acidic form of the fatty acid is free, whereas in the lactonic form, it is internally esterified. Sophorolipids show different physicochemical properties with wide range of applications for each structural compound. Lactonic form of sophorolipids shows surface tension reducing ability and biological activity, whereas the acidic form possesses better foam forming ability and higher solubility. Presence of acetyl groups gives hydrophilic nature to the sophorolipids which promotes its antiviral and cytokine-stimulating properties. The aim of this review is to explore and suggest the plausibility of sophorolipids as therapeutic and prophylactic agents for the treatment of viral diseases.

1 aBorsanyiova, Maria1 aPatil, Amrita1 aMukherji, Ruchira1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aBopegamage, Shubhada uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biological-activity-sophorolipids-and-their-possible-use-antiviral-agents-002026nas a2200169 4500008004100000245009900041210006900140260000800209300001400217490000900231520140500240100001801645700002501663700002201688700002101710856012501731 2017 eng d00aBiosynthesis of glycomonoterpenes to attenuate quorum sensing associated virulence in bacteria0 aBiosynthesis of glycomonoterpenes to attenuate quorum sensing as cAPR a1533-15480 v181 3 aThe acquisition of multidrug resistance in bacteria has become a bigger threat of late, mainly due to the bacterial signaling phenomenon, quorum sensing (QS). QS, among a population of bacteria, initiates the formation of biofilms and offers myriad advantages to bacteria. Burgeoning antibiotic resistance in biofilm-producing bacteria has motivated efforts toward finding new alternatives to these traditional antimicrobials. In the present study, we report the increased solubility and additional quorum quenching as well as biofilm disruption activity of glyco-derivatives of monoterpenes (citral and citronellal). Glycomonoterpenes of citral and citronellal were synthesized via conjugation of the monoterpenes with glucose by the non-pathogenic yeast Candida bombicola (ATCC 22214). Structural elucidation of newly synthesized glycomonoterpenes showed that one synthesized using citronellal contains three major lactonic forms with molecular weight 492.43, 473.47, and 330.39 Da whereas the one produced using citral has an acidic form with molecular weight 389.33 and 346.23 Da. The glycomonoterpenes were able to individually inhibit QS, mediated through various medium-chain and long-chain N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). These new compounds are interesting additions to the known range of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) and could be further explored for potential clinical applications.1 aPatil, Amrita1 aJoshi-Navre, Kasturi1 aMukherji, Ruchira1 aPrabhune, Asmita uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biosynthesis-glycomonoterpenes-attenuate-quorum-sensing-associated-virulence-bacteria02246nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001400041245007300055210006900128260000800197300001100205490000700216520166400223100002001887700002201907700002101929700001701950856009701967 2024 eng d a1359-029400aBridging the gap: an investigation of biosurfactants-polymer systems0 aBridging the gap an investigation of biosurfactantspolymer syste cAUG a1018060 v723 a

Biosurfactants (BSs) have been extensively researched due to their potential applications in various fields, including textiles, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and oil remediation. These BSs possess a diverse range of physical, chemical, and biological properties. In recent years, researchers have combined these biosurfactants with both natural and synthetic polymers, resulting in the development of advanced material systems that exhibit a unique combination of properties. This review focuses on highlighting the recent advancements in these biosurfactant-polymer material systems and identifies existing gaps in the literature. The combination of biosurfactants with polymers has led to the formation of interpenetrated hydrogels, films, chemically modified surfaces, vesicles, functionalized nanofiber nonwoven mats, nano-formulations, and nano-assemblies. Some studies have also investigated the interactions between biosurfactants and polymer molecules. In most cases, non-specific, non-covalent interactions, such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions have been found to govern the properties of these systems. Moreover, promising results have been achieved through the covalent modification of polymer surfaces, followed by functionalization using biosurfactant molecules. The literature demonstrates that these advanced materials could find applications in various fields, including drug delivery, bioremediation, biomedical materials, and as antimicrobial agents. These findings indicate the promising potential of biosurfactant-polymer systems for future advancements in these areas.

1 aAbhyankar, Isha1 aHirlekar, Swarali1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aNisal, Anuya uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bridging-gap-investigation-biosurfactants-polymer-systems