02581nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245013900055210006900194260011000263300001400373490000700387520182600394100001802220700002102238700002202259856013002281       2010                        eng d  a0959-942800aAntibiotic mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles with potent antimicrobial activity and their application in antimicrobial coatings0 aAntibiotic mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles with potent   aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJUL  a6789-67980 v203 a<p>We report a one-pot synthesis of spherical gold nanoparticles (52-22 nm) and their capping with cefaclor, a second-generation antibiotic, without use of other chemicals. The differently sized gold nanoparticles were fabricated by controlling the rate of reduction of gold ions in aqueous solution by varying the reaction temperature (20-70 degrees C). The primary amine group of cefaclor acted as both the reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles leaving the beta-lactam ring of cefaclor available for activity against microbes. Antimicrobial testing showed that cefaclor reduced gold nanoparticles have potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria as compared to cefaclor or gold nanoparticles alone. The minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) of cefaclor reduced gold nanoparticles were 10 mu g mL(-1) and 100 mu g mL(-1) for S. aureus and E. coli respectively. The cefaclor reduced gold nanoparticles were further coated onto poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) modified glass surfaces to obtain antimicrobial coatings suitable for biomedical applications and were tested against E. coli as an exemplar of activity. The antimicrobial coatings were very robust under adverse conditions (pH 3 and 10), inhibited the growth of E. coli on their surfaces, and could be used many times with retained activity. Results from a combined spectroscopic (FTIR) and microscopic study (AFM) suggest that the action of these novel particles is through the combined action of cefaclor inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer and gold nanoparticles generating ``holes'' in bacterial cell walls thereby increasing the permeability of the cell wall, resulting in the leakage of cell contents and eventually cell death.</p>1 aRai, Akhilesh1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aPerry, Carole, C.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/antibiotic-mediated-synthesis-gold-nanoparticles-potent-antimicrobial-activity-and-their-002007nas a2200181   4500008004100000245012400041210006900165260000800234300001300242490000800255520133400263100001901597700001701616700002301633700001901656700002101675856012901696       2017                        eng d00aAnti-proliferative effect of novel primary cetyl alcohol derived sophorolipids against human cervical cancer cells HeLa0 aAntiproliferative effect of novel primary cetyl alcohol derived   cAPR  ae01742410 v12 3 aSophorolipids (SLs) are glycolipid biosurfactants that have been shown to display anticancer activity. In the present study, we report anti-proliferative studies on purified forms of novel SLs synthesized using cetyl alcohol as the substrate (referred as SLCA) and their anticancer mechanism in human cervical cancer cells. Antiproliferative effect of column purified SLCA fractions (A, B, C, D, E and F) was examined in panel of human cancer cell lines as well as primary cells. Among these fractions, SLCA B and C significantly inhibited the survival of HeLa and HCT 116 cells without affecting the viability of normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The two fractions were identified as cetyl alcohol sophorolipids with non-hydroxylated tail differing in the degree of acetylation on sophorose head group. At an IC50 concentration SLCA B (16.32 mu g ml(-1)) and SLCA C (14.14 mu g ml(-1)) blocked the cell cycle progression of HeLa cells at G1/S phase in time-dependent manner. Moreover, SLCA B and SLCA C induced apoptosis in HeLa cells through an increase in intracellular Ca2+ leading to depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in the caspase-3, -8 and -9 activity. All these findings suggest that these SLCAs could be explored for their chemopreventive potential in cervical cancer.1 aNawale, Laxman1 aDubey, Parul1 aChaudhari, Bhushan1 aSarkar, Dhiman1 aPrabhune, Asmita  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/anti-proliferative-effect-novel-primary-cetyl-alcohol-derived-sophorolipids-against-human