02593nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260007100221300001400292490000700306520162800313653001601941653001701957653001601974653001601990653001502006653002602021100002302047700002402070700002802094700002602122700002102148700002002169856012602189       2013                        eng d  a1535-389300aMolecular insights into resistance mechanisms of lepidopteran insect pests against toxicants0 aMolecular insights into resistance mechanisms of lepidopteran in  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcNOV  a4727-47370 v123 a<p>Insect pests remain a major reason for crop loss worldwide despite extensive use of chemical insecticides. More than B 50% of all insecticides are organophosphates, followed by synthetic pyrethroids, organochlorines, carbamates, and biopesticides, and their continued use may have many environmental, agricultural, medical, and socioeconomic issues. Importantly, only a countable number of insects have acquired the status of crop pests, mostly due to monoculture of crop plants and polyphagous nature of the insects. We focus on A adaptations of Lepidopteran insects to phytochemicals and synthetic pesticides in native and modern agricultural systems. Because of heavy use of chemical insecticides, a strong selection pressure is imposed on insect populations, resulting in the emergence of resistance against candidate compound(s). Current knowledge suggests that insects generally implement a three-tier system to overcome the effect of toxic compounds at physiological, biochemical, and genetic levels. Furthermore, we have discussed whether the adaptation to phytochemicals provides an advantage to the insect while encountering synthetic insecticide molecules. Specific metabolic pathways employed by insects to convert deterrents into less toxic forms or their removal from the system are highlighted. Using the proteomics approach, insect proteins interacting with insecticides can be identified, and their modification in resistant insects can be characterized. Also, systems biology studies can offer useful cues to decipher the molecular networks participating in the metabolism of detrimental compounds.</p>10afield crops10ainsect-pests10ainsecticide10aLepidoptera10aproteomics10aresistance mechanisms1 aDawkar, Vishal, V.1 aChikate, Yojana, R.1 aLomate, Purushottam, R.1 aDholakia, Bhushan, B.1 aGupta, Vidya, S.1 aGiri, Ashok, P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/molecular-insights-resistance-mechanisms-lepidopteran-insect-pests-against-toxicants-0