01503nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245006000055210006000115260006900175300001000244490000800254520080400262653001301066653001101079653000901090653001301099653002201112100002001134700001501154700001201169856009201181       2005                        eng d  a0921-510700aTiO2 ceramic varistor modified with tantalum and barium0 aTiO2 ceramic varistor modified with tantalum and barium  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcNOV  a50-520 v1233 a<p>The non-linear current (I)-voltage (V) characteristics of titanium dioxide doped with small quantities of tantalum and barium (99.9 TiO2 + 0.1 Ta and 99.4 TiO2 + 0.1 Ta + 0.5 Ba, all are in at.%) were investigated. These samples have the non-linear coefficient (alpha) values of (20-30) with high breakdown voltages (E-B similar to 400-700 V mm(-1)). The pentavalent tantalum acts as donor and increases the electronic conductivity. The higher electrical conductivity and decrease in the breakdown field strength with barium addition is attributed to higher density. The acceptor like surface states formed by barium ions segregate to grain boundaries due size misfit to thereby modifying the electrical barrier characteristics of grain boundaries. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aOxides10aTiO210avaristor10aX-ray diffraction1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aNavale, SC1 aRavi, V  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/tio2-ceramic-varistor-modified-tantalum-and-barium-0