02019nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260006900246300001000315490000800325520106100333653002301394653004201417653003301459653002601492653003401518653003901552100002201591700001701613700001601630856013101646       2005                        eng d  a0379-677900aNew electro-active paper actuator using conducting polypyrrole: actuation behaviour in LiClO(4) acetonitrile solution0 aNew electroactive paper actuator using conducting polypyrrole ac  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcFEB  a53-580 v1493 a<p>The construction of electromechanical actuator has been achieved by using the conducting polypyrrole films deposition onto a gold-coated cellophane paper. This is probably the first report of this type of paper actuator. The conducting polypyrrole was electro-generated using either galvanostatic or potentiostatic conditions at 0.5 mA/cm(2) current density or 0.7 V applied potential, respectively. The two types of actuators were constructed, namely: (1) Ppy/cellophane bi-layer; (2) Ppy/cellophane paper/Ppy tri-layer. These actuators showed a reversible and reproducible displacement in acetonitrile solution containing LiClO(4) (I M). The maximum displacement of 9.1 mm was recorded for tri-layer device and 3.5 mm for bi-layer device in 1 M LiClO(4) acetonitrile solutions. The results obtained in acetonitrile solution containing 1 M LiClO(4) shows that the actuator requires very low excitation voltage of 0.2 MV m(-1). The mechanism for this paper actuation phenomenon is addressed in this paper. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCP-EAPap actuators10aelectro-active paper actuator (EAPap)10alarge displacement actuators10alightweight actuators10aPpy/cellophane paper bi-layer10aPpy/cellophane paper/Ppy tri-layer1 aDeshpande, S., D.1 aKim, Jaehwan1 aYun, S., R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/new-electro-active-paper-actuator-using-conducting-polypyrrole-actuation-behaviour-liclo4-001444nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245010800055210006900163260008100232300001200313490000700325520075600332100002201088700001701110700001901127856012801146       2005                        eng d  a0964-172600aStudies on conducting polymer electroactive paper actuators: effect of humidity and electrode thickness0 aStudies on conducting polymer electroactive paper actuators effe  aTEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLANDbIOP PUBLISHING LTDcAUG  a876-8800 v143 a<p>Actuators based on cellulose paper with conducting polymer (CP-EAPap) as an electrode material were constructed. The bilayer and trilayer types of actuators were fabricated by depositing conducting polypyrrole on one side and two sides of cellophane paper respectively, which was previously gold coated. By varying the deposition time, the electrode thickness was manipulated. The performance of these two types of actuators was compared with respect to humidity changes and thickness variation. The electrode thickness plays a key role in the displacement behavior of these types of actuators. The best performance at higher humidity is also characteristic of CP-EAPap actuators. The possible mechanism of actuation is addressed in this paper.</p>1 aDeshpande, S., D.1 aKim, Jaehwan1 aYun, Sung-Ryul  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/studies-conducting-polymer-electroactive-paper-actuators-effect-humidity-and-electrode-001151nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260013800222300001200360490000700372520023100379653001200610653001600622653002500638653002100663653002600684100001700710700002200727700001800749700001300767856012900780       2006                        eng d  a0721-771400aComparative study of conductive polypyrrole and polyaniline coatings on electro-active papers0 aComparative study of conductive polypyrrole and polyaniline coat  a233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbIUPAC; Council Sci & Ind Res; Ind Natl Sci Acad, Dept Sci & Technol; Reliance Ind LtdcJAN  a659-6680 v383 a<p>{A comparative study is performed on the conductive polymer-coated electro-active paper (EAPap) actuators by aiming at improving the overall performance of the actuators. Conductive Polymer coated Electro-active Paper [</p>10aconifer10aglufosinate10aparticle bombardment10aPinus roxburghii10astable transformation1 aKim, Jachwan1 aDeshpande, S., D.1 aYun, Sungryul1 aLi, Qubo  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/comparative-study-conductive-polypyrrole-and-polyaniline-coatings-electro-active-papers-101743nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245010700055210006900162260009800231300001400329490000700343520089500350653002101245653002301266653003201289653001601321100001701337700001901354700002201373856013001395       2007                        eng d  a0959-810300aSynthesis, characterization and actuation behavior of polyaniline-coated electroactive paper actuators0 aSynthesis characterization and actuation behavior of polyaniline  aTHE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLANDbJOHN WILEY & SONS LTDcDEC  a1530-15360 v563 a<p>This investigation deals with the synthesis, characterization and actuation behavior of conductive polyaniline-coated electroactive paper actuators. The actuator is made by electrochemical deposition of conductive polyaniline on a cellulose paper. The aim of the investigation was to improve the bending displacement of electroactive paper actuators. The displacement outputs of the actuators show that a trilayer is better than a bilayer configuration. The nature of the dopant ion used in the electro-generation affects the performance. A change in humidity plays a vital role in actuation performance of the actuators. Comparing the performance of electroactive paper actuators with and without a conductive polyaniline coating, the coating improves the displacement output threefold. Finally, the actuation principle mechanism is addressed. (C) 2007 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>10abending actuator10aconducting polymer10aelectroactive polymer (EAP)10apolyaniline1 aKim, Jaehwan1 aYun, Sung-Ryul1 aDeshpande, S., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-characterization-and-actuation-behavior-polyaniline-coated-electroactive-paper-001530nas a2200157   4500008004100000245011100041210006900152260000800221300001400229490000700243520092100250100002501171700002201196700002201218856013201240       2017                        eng d00aPolyphenylene sulfide- expanded graphite nanocomposites: processing route dependent electrical percolation0 aPolyphenylene sulfide expanded graphite nanocomposites processin  cDEC  a1603-16140 v303 aPolyphenylene sulfide (PPS)-expanded graphite (ExGr) conducting nanocomposites have been prepared by powder mixing and in situ polymerization routes after sonicating ExGr particles in acetone. Synthesized PPS has been used to make powder mixed composites. The powder mixed composites exhibit a percolation threshold of 3 wt% due to the formation of graphite nanosheets. When PPS-ExGr composites are prepared by in situ polymerization route, very low electrical percolation threshold less than 0.5 wt% ExGr is obtained. The low percolation threshold obtained is attributed to better dispersion of ExGr nanosheets in the polymer matrix when compared to powder mixed composites. The synthesized PPS has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. The formation of graphite nanosheets has been confirmed by transmission and scanning electron microcopy analysis.1 aRamanujam, B., T. S.1 aRadhakrishnan, S.1 aDeshpande, S., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/polyphenylene-sulfide-expanded-graphite-nanocomposites-processing-route-dependent-electrical02354nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245013200055210006900187260000800256300001200264490000700276520141300283653002101696653003401717653002601751653002401777653002201801653001601823653001301839653003701852100002501889700002201914700002201936856013001958       2017                        eng d  a0892-705700aPolypropylene-based conducting nanocomposites: effect of aspect ratio of second conducting filler on the electrical percolation0 aPolypropylenebased conducting nanocomposites effect of aspect ra  cJUN  a840-8540 v303 a<p>Powder-mixed polypropylene (PP)-graphite binary composites exhibit an electrical percolation threshold at 10 wt% graphite signifying insulator-semiconductor transition. Three conducting fillers such as carbon black (CB), sonicated expanded graphite (s-ExGr), and carbon nanofiber (CNF) are mixed with PP-7 wt% graphite binary composites. The electrical percolation threshold has been found to have inverse relation to the aspect ratio of second conducting fillers in hybrid composites. The aspect ratio of second conducting fillers varies in the order CB &lt; ExGr &lt; CNF. The electrical percolation threshold is found to vary for the hybrid composites as 2.2 wt% for CB addition, 0.75 wt% for ExGr addition, and 0.2 wt% for CNF addition in the PP-7 wt% graphite binary composites. When the aspect ratio of second conducting fillers increases, they reduce the barrier for the charge transport. The second conducting fillers occupy the interspace of graphite and alternating current studies show that the effective dielectric constant increases with the concentration of second conducting filler in the hybrid composites. The composites are characterized by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Melt-crystallized PP-7 wt% graphite-CNF composites exhibit higher percolation threshold due to decrease in the polymer viscosity which increases the interparticulate distance.</p>10acarbon nanofiber10aConducting polymer composites10aElectrical properties10agraphite nanosheets10ahybrid composites10apercolation10ascanning10atransmission electron microscopy1 aRamanujam, B., T. S.1 aRadhakrishnan, S.1 aDeshpande, S., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/polypropylene-based-conducting-nanocomposites-effect-aspect-ratio-second-conducting-filler