02293nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260007100215300001400286490000700300520158200307100002101889700002701910700001801937700001601955700002101971856010701992       2007                        eng d  a0888-588500aEffect of sparger design on the flow in a bubble column: symbolic analysis of LDA data0 aEffect of sparger design on the flow in a bubble column symbolic  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcMAY  a2996-30070 v463 a<p>This paper aims at developing a methodology that helps in the characterization of the effects of a single point and multipoint sparger on the flow patterns in a bubble column reactor. The methodology uses the simultaneously measured instantaneous velocity-time data (two orthogonal velocity components) using LDA at different measurement locations. The data sets are transformed into their equivalent description in terms of polar coordinates, viz., resultant velocity vector and angle. This information is further transformed in terms of symbolic representation in a binary number format. The covariance matrices obtained from the binary data are analyzed for their eigenvalues, and the spectrum is used for the identification of the dominant, energy containing modes in the data. In the vicinity of the sparger, the nature of covariance matrix and the eigenvalue spectrum for the single point sparger (SPS) data was significantly different from that of the multipoint sparger (MPS). In the bulk region, for both types of spargers, the nature of the eigenvalues and the number of dominant modes is seen to be different from the near sparger region. In general, more numbers of eigenvalues are required to capture the total energy in the data for a multipoint sparger when compared to a single point sparger. This suggests a higher level of complexities existing due to the intricate hydrodynamics for the multipoint sparger. The possible use of this methodology for practical purposes, e.g., identification of malfunctioning of gas-liquid sparger reactors is discussed.</p>1 aKulkarni, A., A.1 aDeshpande, Suvarna, S.1 aJoshi, J., B.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-sparger-design-flow-bubble-column-symbolic-analysis-lda-data02787nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260010600246300001400352490000700366520179500373653002202168653001802190653003002208653001102238653002002249653001502269653002202284100002502306700002702331700001602358700002102374856012602395       2008                        eng d  a0009-250900aIdentification and characterization of flow structures in chemical process equipment using multiresolution techniques0 aIdentification and characterization of flow structures in chemic  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcNOV  a5330-53460 v633 a<p>Planar information of velocity from 2D particle image velocimetry (PIV) and large eddy simulation (LES) data have been studied using multiresolution wavelet transform (WT) formalisms, i.e., discrete and continuous WT. Identification of dominant energy containing structures with their characterization in terms of fractal spectra have been carried out for industrially important equipment exhibiting turbulent behavior. These include annular centrifugal contactor, jet loop reactor, ultrasound reactor, channel flow, stirred tank and bubble column reactor. The characterization of their dynamics based on denoising the data and studying the local energy along the WT scales show sensitive variation and this helps in identifying the size and shape of structures. A dependency is seen between mixing time and the higher order moments of length scale distribution, viz., skewness and kurtosis and a generalized correlation has been built up for important types of equipment and associated flow parameters. The correlation is not only based on the knowledge of reactor geometry and operating conditions but also on the flow structures via their statistical parameters. Wavelet transform modulus maxima (WTMM) methodology has been used to study the evolution of structures and their interaction in a reduced dimensionality by evaluating the fractal spectra. Classification studies have been carried out using principal component analysis (PCA) of the fractal spectra. The results obtained show clear classes for the six types of equipments and delineate regimes to obtain benchmark patterns of flow hydrodynamics based on PCA co-ordinates. This methodology offers a generalized way for the optimal design and operation of different types of reactors. (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd .</p>10aChemical reactors10ahydrodynamics10aLength scale distribution10amixing10aModel reduction10aTurbulence10aWavelet transform1 aDeshpande, Sagar, S.1 aJoshi, Jyeshtharaj, B.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/identification-and-characterization-flow-structures-chemical-process-equipment-using-002089nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245008500055210006900140260007100209300001400280490000700294520135300301100002501654700003601679700002401715700002701739700001601766856011301782       2009                        eng d  a0888-588500aEffect of flow structures on heat transfer in single and multiphase jet reactors0 aEffect of flow structures on heat transfer in single and multiph  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcNOV  a9428-94400 v483 a<p>High frequency experimental measurements by hot film anemometry (HFA) of liquid velocities and temperature in the region of vapor-liquid (VL) and solid-liquid (SL) interfaces for two important reactor types, namely, condensation jet and jet loop reactors, have been studied for their heat transfer characteristics. An algorithm for flow structure identification has been devised from velocity data based oil (i) zero crossings and (ii) continuous wavelet transform. The wavelet transform algorithm is especially found to be useful in accurately estimating both the age and size distributions of eddies near interfaces in a multiscale framework Using these distributions, it is shown that the calculated values of heat transfer coefficients (HTC) at the SL and VL interfaces show remarkable correspondence with the HTC values obtained experimentally from instantaneous temperature measurements. For this purpose, a modified capacitance model has been proposed that takes into account the information about both the age and size distributions. The results obtained by the present methodology show the improvement possible for calculating the HTC at interfaces when compared with the earlier surface renewal models. It may therefore be used to study the interaction between flow dynamics and heat transfer behavior in chemical process equipment</p>1 aDeshpande, Sagar, S.1 aMathpati, Channamallikarjun, S.1 aGulawani, Sagar, S.1 aJoshi, Jyeshtharaj, B.1 aKumar, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-flow-structures-heat-transfer-single-and-multiphase-jet-reactors-002628nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260008000288300001400368490000700382520169500389653002202084653001202106653003402118653002902152653002402181100002402205700001602229700002602245856012702271       2011                        eng d  a1367-543500aHigh level phytase production by aspergillus niger NCIM 563 in solid state culture: response surface optimization, up-scaling, and its partial characterization0 aHigh level phytase production by aspergillus niger NCIM 563 in s  aTIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANYbSPRINGER HEIDELBERGcSEP  a1407-14170 v383 a<p>Phytase production by Aspergillus niger NCIM 563 was optimized by using wheat bran in solid state fermentation (SSF). An integrated statistical optimization approach involving the combination of Placket-Burman design (PBD) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed. PBD was used to evaluate the effect of 11 variables related to phytase production, and five statistically significant variables, namely, glucose, dextrin, NaNO(3), distilled water, and MgSO(4)center dot 7H(2)O, were selected for further optimization studies. The levels of five variables for maximum phytase production were determined by a BBD. Phytase production improved from 50 IU/g dry moldy bran (DMB) to 154 IU/g DMB indicating 3.08-fold increase after optimization. A simultaneous reduction in fermentation time from 7 to 4 days shows a high productivity of 38,500 IU/kg/day. Scaling up the process in trays gave reproducible phytase production overcoming industrial constraints of practicability and economics. The culture extract also had 133.2, 41.58, and 310.34 IU/g DMB of xylanase, cellulase, and amylase activities, respectively. The partially purified phytase was optimally active at 55A degrees C and pH 6.0. The enzyme retained ca. 75% activity over a wide pH range 2.0-9.5. It also released more inorganic phosphorus from soybean meal in a broad pH range from 2.5 to 6.5 under emulated gastric conditions. Molecular weight of phytase on Sephacryl S-200 was approximately 87 kDa. The K (m) and V (max) observed were 0.156 mM and 220 mu m/min/mg. The SSF phytase from A. niger NCIM 563 offers an economical production capability and its wide pH stability shows its suitability for use in poultry feed.</p>10aAspergillus niger10aPhytase10aResponse surface optimization10aSolid state fermentation10aStatistical methods1 aBhavsar, Kavita, P.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKhire, Jayant, Malhar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/high-level-phytase-production-aspergillus-niger-ncim-563-solid-state-culture-response-002146nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245018200055210006900237260009900306300001400405490000700419520119100426653002201617653002901639653001201668653002401680653001701704100002401721700001601745700002601761856012901787       2012                        eng d  a1359-511300aDownstream processing of extracellular phytase from aspergillus niger: chromatography process vs. aqueous two phase extraction for its simultaneous partitioning and purification0 aDownstream processing of extracellular phytase from aspergillus   aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUL  a1066-10720 v473 a<p>The application of single step aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) for the downstream processing of phytase from Aspergillus niger NCIM 563, produced under solid state fermentation, has been studied and compared with the traditional multi-step procedure involving salt precipitation and column chromatography. High phytase recovery (98.5%) within a short time (3 h) and improved thermostability was attained by ATPE in comparison to 20% recovery in 96 h by chromatography process.The ATPE method, therefore, seems to be an interesting alternative for simultaneous partitioning and purification of phytase. The influence of system parameters; such as, phase forming salts, polymer molecular weight and system pH on the partitioning behavior of phytase was evaluated. The ATPE system consisting of combination of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and 8000(10.5%) and sodium citrate (20.5%) resulted in one-sided partitioning of phytase in bottom phase with a purification factor of 2.5. This is the first report on phytase purification using liquid-liquid extraction and the results are likely to be beneficial in the poultry feed industry. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aAspergillus niger10aliquid-liquid extraction10aPhytase10aPolyethylene glycol10aPurification1 aBhavsar, Kavita, P.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKhire, Jayant, Malhar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/downstream-processing-extracellular-phytase-aspergillus-niger-chromatography-process-vs-002605nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245018200055210006900237260005700306300001200363490000700375520164900382653001602031653002202047653001602069653001202085653002902097100002402126700001402150700001302164700001602177700002602193856013202219       2013                        eng d  a0175-759800aCombinatorial approach of statistical optimization and mutagenesis for improved production of acidic phytase by Aspergillus niger NCIM 563 under submerged fermentation condition0 aCombinatorial approach of statistical optimization and mutagenes  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcJAN  a673-6790 v973 a<p>Combination of statistical optimization and mutagenesis to isolate hypersecretory strains is studied to maximize phytase production from Aspergillus niger NCIM 563 under submerged fermentation. The overall results obtained show a remarkable 5.98-fold improvement in phytase production rates when compared to that using basal medium. Optimization of culture conditions from parent strain is studied first by the Plackett-Burman technique to evaluate the effects of 11 variables for phytase production. The results showed that glucose, MgSO4, KCl, incubation period, and MnSO4 are the most significant variables affecting enzyme production. Further optimization in these variables, using a central composite design technique, resulted in 3.74-fold increase in the yield of phytase production to 254,500 U/l when compared with the activity observed with basal media (68,000 U/l) in shake flask. Our experiments show that the phytase from A. niger NCIM 563 exhibits desirable activity in simulated gastric fluid conditions with low pH and also improved thermostability when compared to commercial phytase. The improved yield demonstrates the potential applicability of phytase enzyme as a source of phytase supplement for phosphorus nutrition and environmental protection in animal feed industry. Physical and chemical mutagenesis experiments were carried out in parallel to isolate hypersecretory mutants that could possibly further enhance the enzyme production. Using optimized media conditions of the parent strain, our results show that mutant strain A. niger NCIM 1359 increased the phytase activity by another 1.6-fold to 407,200 U/l.</p>10aAnimal feed10aAspergillus niger10aMutagenesis10aPhytase10aStatistical optimization1 aBhavsar, Kavita, P.1 aGujar, P.1 aShah, P.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKhire, Jayant, Malhar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/combinatorial-approach-statistical-optimization-and-mutagenesis-improved-production-acidic-002127nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260009900246300001200345490000800357520114100365653002501506653001401531653003701545653002701582653000901609100001901618700001701637700002401654700002201678700001601700700002101716856012401737       2015                        eng d  a0960-852400aConversion of dried aspergillus candidus mycelia grown on waste whey to biodiesel by in situ acid transesterification0 aConversion of dried aspergillus candidus mycelia grown on waste   aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcDEC  a502-5070 v1973 a<p>This study reports optimization of the transesterification reaction step on dried biomass of an oleaginous fungus Aspergillus candidus grown on agro-dairy waste, whey. Acid catalyzed transesterification was performed and variables affecting esterification, viz., catalyst methanol and chloroform concentrations, temperature, time, and biomass were investigated. Statistical optimization of the transesterification reaction using Plackett-Burman Design showed biomass to be the predominant factor with a 12.5-fold increase in total FAME from 25.6 to 320 mg. Studies indicate that the transesterification efficiency in terms of conversion is favored by employing lower biomass loadings. A. candidus exhibited FAME profiles containing desirable saturated (30.2%), monounsaturated (31.5%) and polyunsaturated methyl esters (38.3%). The predicted and experimentally determined biodiesel properties (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value, cetane number, TAN, water content, total and free glycerol) were in accordance with international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and national (IS 15607) standards. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.</p>10aAspergillus candidus10aBiodiesel10aIn situ acid transesterification10aPlackett-Burman Design10aWhey1 aKakkad, Hardik1 aKhot, Mahesh1 aZinjarde, Smita, S.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/conversion-dried-aspergillus-candidus-mycelia-grown-waste-whey-biodiesel-situ-acid-002701nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200260000900269300001200278490000800290520183600298653002102134653002102155653002202176653002202198653002002220653002502240100002602265700001602291700002102307856013102328       2015                        eng d  a0009-250900aEmbedded multiple shooting methodology in a genetic algorithm framework for parameter estimation and state identification of complex systems0 aEmbedded multiple shooting methodology in a genetic algorithm fr  cSEP   a605-6180 v1343 a<p>A novel parameter estimation and state identification algorithm for nonlinear dynamical systems from data by embedding a multiple shooting methodology in the framework of a genetic algorithm (EMSGA) is described. The advantages of EMSGA are brought out by studies with two highly nonlinear examples, viz., the chaotic dynamics of a non-isothermal CSTR and the glycolysis regulation in Lactococcus lactis for production of lactic acid. For the chaotic dynamics with extremely high sensitivity to parameter values and initial conditions, EMSGA accurately estimates all process parameters while at the same time recovering the true dynamics of monitored and unmonitored variables from limited extents of noisy dynamic data. The superiority in accuracy and computational time of EMSGA over standalone genetic or multiple shooting algorithms for parameter estimation is shown for comparison purposes. In fact, EMSGA adapts well to the use of generalized canonical models, e.g., the S-system, where use of the fundamental Taylor series method of any order for integration becomes possible. This makes EMSGA highly efficient and exemplified here by estimating all the parameters of the derived higher dimensional 5-system model for the CSTR. Comparative studies with a well-known global-local enhanced scatter search method corroborate the suitability and advantages of the EMSGA methodology. For the glycolysis regulation example the numerical robustness of EMSGA is brought out by estimating a large number of model parameters when a majority of them are raised to the power of the state variables. Interestingly, we show that from noisy in vivo dynamic data it becomes possible to completely recover the noise-free dynamical behavior of unmonitored species concentrations using EMSGA. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCanonical models10aChaotic dynamics10aGenetic algorithm10aMultiple shooting10aNoise reduction10aparameter estimation1 aSarode, Ketan, Dinkar1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/embedded-multiple-shooting-methodology-genetic-algorithm-framework-parameter-estimation-and02450nas a2200157   4500008004100000245014900041210006900190260000800259300001100267490000800278520181500286100002602101700001602127700002102143856012802164       2016                        eng d00aInverse problem studies of biochemical systems with structure identification of S-systems by embedding training functions in a genetic algorithm0 aInverse problem studies of biochemical systems with structure id  cMAY  a93-1060 v2753 aAn efficient inverse problem approach for parameter estimation, state and structure identification from dynamic data by embedding training functions in a genetic algorithm methodology (ETFGA) is proposed for nonlinear dynamical biosystems using S-system canonical models. Use of multiple shooting and decomposition approach as training functions has been shown for handling of noisy datasets and computational efficiency in studying the inverse problem. The advantages of the methodology are brought out systematically by studying it for three biochemical model systems of interest. By studying a small-scale gene regulatory system described by a S-system model, the first example demonstrates the use of ETFGA for the multifold aims of the inverse problem. The estimation of a large number of parameters with simultaneous state and network identification is shown by training a generalized S-system canonical model with noisy datasets. The results of this study bring out the superior performance of ETFGA on comparison with other metaheuristic approaches. The second example studies the regulation of cAMP oscillations in Dictyostelium cells now assuming limited availability of noisy data. Here, flexibility of the approach to incorporate partial system information in the identification process is shown and its effect on accuracy and predictive ability of the estimated model are studied. The third example studies the phenomenological toy model of the regulation of circadian oscillations in Drosophila that follows rate laws different from S-system power-law. For the limited noisy data, using a priori information about properties of the system, we could estimate an alternate S-system model that showed robust oscillatory behavior with predictive abilities. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.1 aSarode, Ketan, Dinkar1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/inverse-problem-studies-biochemical-systems-structure-identification-s-systems-embedding02093nas a2200169   4500008004100000245016100041210006900202260000800271300001200279490000700291520141100298100002501709700002001734700001601754700002201770856013101792       2016                        eng d00aPhytase production by solid-state fermentation of groundnut oil cake by Aspergillus niger: A bioprocess optimization study for animal feedstock applications0 aPhytase production by solidstate fermentation of groundnut oil c  cJUL  a531-5380 v463 aThis investigation deals with the use of agro-industrial waste, namely groundnut oil cake (GOC), for phytase production by the fungi Aspergillus niger NCIM 563. Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was used to evaluate the effect of 11 process variables and studies here showed that phytase production was significantly influenced by glucose, dextrin, distilled water, and MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O. The use of response surface methodology (RSM) by Box-Behnken design (BBD) of experiments further enhanced the production by a remarkable 36.67-fold from the original finding of 15 IU/gds (grams of dry substrate) to 550 IU/gds. This is the highest solid-state fermentation (SSF) phytase production reported when compared to other microorganisms and in fact betters the best known by a factor of 2. Experiments carried out using dried fermented koji for phosphorus and mineral release and also thermal stability have shown the phytase to be as efficient as the liquid enzyme extract. Also, the enzyme, while exhibiting optimal activity under acidic conditions, was found to have significant activity in a broad range of pH values (1.5-6.5). The studies suggest the suitability of the koji supplemented with phytase produced in an SSF process by the "generally regarded as safe" (GRAS) microorganism A. niger as a cost-effective value-added livestock feed when compared to that obtained by submerged fermentation (SmF).1 aBuddhiwant, Priyanka1 aBhavsar, Kavita1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKhire, Jayant, M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/phytase-production-solid-state-fermentation-groundnut-oil-cake-aspergillus-niger-bioprocess01628nas a2200193   4500008004100000245015300041210006900194260000800263300001200271490000700283520088500290100002201175700001901197700002401216700001601240700002601256700002201282856013001304       2016                        eng d00aRole of aliasing and interacting factors in the enhanced production of dehalogenase from Yarrowia lipolytica for degradation of brominated compounds0 aRole of aliasing and interacting factors in the enhanced product  cSEP  a114-1210 v413 aUse of persistent organobromines for industrial applications has led to their accumulation in environment. Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589, a tropical marine yeast, degrades and detoxifies bromocompounds by an initial hydrolytic step. By optimizing culture conditions with 1-bromodecane as reference compound, the dehalogenase involved was remarkably enhanced 13-fold (384.13 U/ml) by a hybrid statistical Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design of experiments. Studies bring out in a novel way the role of aliasing and other masked interactions in growth media factors. Importantly, the enzyme acted on C3-C16 bromoalkanes and bromoaromatics, thereby generalizing the 'green chemistry' applicability of optimized media formulation for biotechnological applications. (C) 2016 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.1 aVatsal, Aakanksha1 aPotdar, Chirag1 aZinjarde, Smita, S.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, Bhasker, D.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/role-aliasing-and-interacting-factors-enhanced-production-dehalogenase-yarrowia-lipolytica02274nas a2200169   4500008004100000245011600041210006900157260000800226300002300234490000600257520163200263100002001895700001601915700002301931700002201954856012801976       2017                        eng d00aPhytase production by aspergillus niger NCIM 563 for a novel application to degrade organophosphorus pesticides0 aPhytase production by aspergillus niger NCIM 563 for a novel app  cMAR  aArticle Number: 660 v73 aThe production of phytase using Aspergillus niger NCIM 563 under submerged fermentation conditions was studied using protein rich chickpea flour as substrate. Employing a hybrid statistical media optimization strategy of Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken experimental designs in shake-flasks gave an increased phytase activity from an initial 66 IU/mL in 216 h to 160 IU/mL in a reduced time of 132 h. Productivity, thus increased by 3.97 times from 7.3 to 29 IU/mL/day. Using the optimized media, the production was successfully scaled-up further and improved up to 164 IU/mL in 96 h by studies carried out employing 2 and 10-L fermenters. The enzyme supernatant was recovered using centrifugal separation of biomass and the stability of the produced phytase was tested for animal feed applications under gastric conditions. In vitro degradation studies of water soluble monocrotophos, methyl parathion and water insoluble chlorpyrifos, pesticides used extensively in agriculture was carried out. It was observed by HPLC analysis that phytase could degrade 72% of chlorpyrifos at pH 7.0, 35 degrees C. Comparable results were obtained with monocrotophos and methyl parathion. With chlorpyrifos at higher temperature 50 degrees C as much as 91% degradation could be obtained. The degradation of chlorpyrifos was further validated by spraying phytase on harvested green chilli ( Capsicum annuum L) under normal conditions of pH 7.0, 35 degrees C and the degradation products obtained analyzed by LCMS. Thus, the present study brings out a potentially novel application of phytase for biodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides.1 aShah, Parin, C.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aDastager, Syed, G.1 aKhire, Jayant, M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/phytase-production-aspergillus-niger-ncim-563-novel-application-degrade-organophosphorus02137nas a2200193   4500008004100000245013500041210006900176260000800245490000700253520142000260100002501680700001701705700001801722700001901740700001601759700001801775700001901793856013101812       2018                        eng d00aEvaluation of Candida tropicalis (NCIM 3321) extracellular phytase having plant growth promoting potential and process development0 aEvaluation of Candida tropicalis NCIM 3321 extracellular phytase  cJAN0 v133 a<p>Phytase is known to provide a solution for depletion of phosphorus (P). It helps it by hydrolyzing the insoluble P source in soil which is phytate. In this study, provides insight on yeast Candida tropicalis (NCIM 3321) which produces cell bound and extracellular thermostable phytase. The media components were optimized to enhance the enzyme production and checked for plant growth promoting activity. On optimization the isolate exhibited enhanced cell bound and extracellular phytase activity by four folds (from 236 to 1024 IU DCG⁻¹) and by five folds (from 0.46 to 1.95 IU ml⁻¹) respectively in 36 h. The production time decreased to 24 h compare to shake flask on Up-scaling the production process upto 10 L scale, thus increasing the productivity of cell bound (1810 IU DCG⁻¹day⁻¹) and extracellular phytase (6.08 IU ml⁻¹ day⁻¹). The crude phytase (12 IU) from NCIM 3321 strain was studied for plant growth promotion activity in lab scale and field level experiments with maize crop. Findings of the study revealed that the extracellular phytase derived from non pathogenic C. tropicalis (NCIM 3321) was found to be plant growth stimulating by increasing the available P in soil. Our findings of phytase isolated from non-pathogenic yeast C. tropicalis NCIM 3321 exhibited dephytinization potential. Therefore, current study may have profound application in sustainable agriculture.</p>1 aPuppala, Kumar, Raja1 aNaik, Tejali1 aShaik, Alfina1 aDastager, Syed1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKhire, Jayant1 aDharne, Mahesh  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/evaluation-candida-tropicalis-ncim-3321-extracellular-phytase-having-plant-growth-promoting02462nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245015600055210006900211260000900280300001200289490000800301520151800309653001401827653000901841653003201850653001401882653002201896653002401918100001701942700002001959700002001979700001601999700002102015700002202036856012602058       2018                        eng d  a0360-544200aOptimization of the in situ transesterification step for biodiesel production using biomass of Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 grown on waste cooking oil0 aOptimization of the in situ transesterification step for biodies  cJAN   a944-9520 v1423 a<p>The in situ (one-step) acid-catalyzed transesterification step for conversion to biodiesel of biomass from oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica grown on waste cooking oil (WCO) is studied. The process yield of biodiesel was optimized by investigating effects of various parameters, namely, biomass, methanol, chloroform, catalyst, temperature, time and sonication. A Plackett-Burman statistical design of experiments revealed that biomass is the most significant factor influencing biodiesel (FAME, fatty acid methyl ester) production. Subsequently, a one variable design (OVD) of experiments for increased biomass loadings showed higher yields of FAME with no additional requirement of reactants, solvents or special equipment. The biomass grown on WCO had a lipid productivity of 0.042 g L-1 h(-1) and 4 g of this loading gave a high FAME yield of 0.88 gin 8 hat 50 degrees C with methanol: chloroform (10:1) and acid catalyst (0.2 M H2SO4,1.0 ml g(-1)). The FAME profile had desirable amounts of saturated (32.81%), monounsaturated (36.41%), polyunsaturated (30.59%) methyl esters. The predicted and experimentally determined physico-chemical properties of FAME were found in accordance with specified international standards. Thus, the direct one-pot in situ transesterification reaction using Y. lipolytica biomass grown on WCO provides a high yield of biodiesel with potential applicability while simultaneously addressing the management of this pollutant. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aBiodiesel10aFAME10aIn situ transesterification10aOne -step10aWaste cooking oil10aYarrowia lipolytica1 aKatre, Gouri1 aRaskar, Shubham1 aZinjarde, Smita1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/optimization-situ-transesterification-step-biodiesel-production-using-biomass-yarrowia02769nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001200041245011000053210006900163260000800232300001600240490000700256520201100263100002102274700001902295700002102314700002602335700001602361700002302377700002702400856012402427       2018                        eng d  a743746300aSingle-particle tracking to probe the local environment in ice-templated crosslinked colloidal assemblies0 aSingleparticle tracking to probe the local environment in icetem  cAPR  a4603–46130 v343 a<p>We use single-particle tracking to investigate colloidal dynamics in hybrid assemblies comprising colloids enmeshed in a crosslinked polymer network. These assemblies are prepared using ice templating and are macroporous monolithic structures. We investigate microstructure-property relations in assemblies that appear chemically identical but show qualitatively different mechanical response. Specifically, we contrast elastic assemblies that can recover from large compressive deformations with plastic assemblies that fail on being compressed. Particle tracking provides insights into the microstructural differences that underlie the different mechanical response of elastic and plastic assemblies. Since colloidal motions in these assemblies are sluggish, particle tracking is especially sensitive to imaging artifacts such as stage drift. We demonstrate that the use of wavelet transforms applied to trajectories of probe particles from fluorescence microscopy eliminates stage drift, allowing a spatial resolution of about 2 nm. In elastic and plastic scaffolds, probe particles are surrounded by other particles—thus, their motion is caged. We present mean square displacement and van Hove distributions for particle motions and demonstrate that plastic assemblies are characterized by significantly larger spatial heterogeneity when compared with the elastic sponges. In elastic assemblies, particle diffusivities are peaked around a mean value, whereas in plastic assemblies, there is a wide distribution of diffusivities with no clear peak. Both elastic and plastic assemblies show a frequency independent solid modulus from particle tracking microrheology. Here too, there is a much wider distribution of modulus values for plastic scaffolds as compared to elastic, in contrast to bulk rheological measurements where both assemblies exhibit a similar response. We interpret our results in terms of the spatial distribution of crosslinks in the polymer mesh in the colloidal assemblies.</p>1 aSuresh, Karthika1 aSharma, D., K.1 aChulliyil, Ramya1 aSarode, Ketan, Dinkar1 aKumar, Ravi1 aChoudhary, Arindam1 aKumaraswamy, Guruswamy  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/single-particle-tracking-probe-local-environment-ice-templated-crosslinked-colloidal00425nas a2200145   4500008004100000022001400041245004400055210004100099260000800140300001400148490000800162100001600170700001600186856007700202       2019                        eng d  a0011-389100aBhaskar Dattatraya Kulkarni (1949-2019)0 aBhaskar Dattatraya Kulkarni 19492019  cAPR  a1261-12620 v1161 aKumar, Ravi1 aSivaram, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bhaskar-dattatraya-kulkarni-1949-201902089nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245015400055210006900209260000800278300000800286490000600294520125200300653000901552653001201561653001201573653002701585653003401612100002301646700001601669700001601685700002201701856012401723       2019                        eng d  a2190-572X00aUse of Plackett-Burman design for enhanced phytase production by Williopsis saturnus NCIM 3298 for applications in animal feed and ethanol production0 aUse of PlackettBurman design for enhanced phytase production by   cJUN  a2370 v93 a<p>Distiller-dried grain solid (DDGS), a co-product of alcohol production, contains cereal grain residues, proteins, and yeast metabolites, which make it suitable in poultry feeding. However, high phytate content of DDGS limits its applicability in poultry feed. In this study, Plackett-Burman design was used to improve cell-bound phytase production by Williopsis saturnus NCIM 3298, and we achieved an enzyme activity of 269IU/g of dry-wet biomass. The effect of this enhanced phytase-displaying yeast strain on hydrolysis of corn phytate and subsequently on ethanol production and DDGS quality was then investigated. Results of saccharification in the presence of phytase showed that reducing sugar content of liquefied mash increased by 11%, which subsequently improved the ethanol production by 18% (w/v) (p&lt;0.01) compared with the control. Notably, phytase treatment decreased the phytate content of corn by 70% (p&lt;0.01) compared with the control, thereby improving the availability of free phosphate in fermentation broth and DDGS. Thus, the results obtained suggest that the addition of W. saturnus NCIM 3298 strain has the potential of providing a new source of phytase that would be useful in the feed and ethanol industries.</p>
10aDDGS10aEthanol10aPhytase10aPlackett-Burman Design10aWilliopsis saturnus NCIM 32981 aPable, Anupama, A.1 aShah, Sarah1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKhire, Jayant, M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/use-plackett-burman-design-enhanced-phytase-production-williopsis-saturnus-ncim-329800653nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245016200055210006900217260000800286300001200294490000700306100001700313700002200330700001600352856012700368       2021                        eng d  a0003-021X00aMethyl esters of fungal biomass-derived lipids produced via solid-state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse and assessment as a blend component in diesel fuel.0 aMethyl esters of fungal biomassderived lipids produced via solid  cSEP  a164-1650 v981 aKhot, Mahesh1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aKumar, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/methyl-esters-fungal-biomass-derived-lipids-produced-solid-state-fermentation-sugarcane01902nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245020300055210006900258260000800327300001200335490000700347520088600354653001901240653002201259653002201281653003201303653002601335653000901361100002301370700002001393700002301413700002201436700002601458700001601484856012401500       2021                        eng d  a1747-027700aOn the use of electronegativity and electron affinity based pseudo-molecular field descriptors in developing correlations for quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling of drug activities0 ause of electronegativity and electron affinity based pseudomolec  cAUG  a258-2690 v983 aFor quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling in ligand-based drug discovery programs, pseudo-molecular field (PMF) descriptors using intrinsic atomic properties, namely, electronegativity and electron affinity are studied. In combination with partial least squares analysis and Procrustes transformation, these PMF descriptors were employed successfully to develop correlations that predict the activities of target protein inhibitors involved in various diseases (cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, HIV, and malaria). The results show that the present QSAR approach is competitive to existing QSAR models. In order to demonstrate the use of this algorithm, we present results of screening naturally occurring molecules with unknown bioactivities. The pIC(50) predictions can screen molecules that have desirable activity before assessment by docking studies.10adrug discovery10aelectron affinity10aElectronegativity10amolecular field descriptors10apartial least squares10aQSAR1 aKunde, Pushkar, D.1 aRamkumar, Sudha1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D.1 aKumar, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/use-electronegativity-and-electron-affinity-based-pseudo-molecular-field-descriptors00621nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260000800246300001000254490000700264100002800271700002300299700001600322856012500338       2022                        eng d  a0003-021X00aIn situ direct transesterification process optimization for biodiesel production from aspergillus terreus wet biomass0 aIn situ direct transesterification process optimization for biod  cOCT  a52-530 v991 aBed, Rashmi, Karamchand1 aRavi-Kumar, Ameeta1 aKumar, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/situ-direct-transesterification-process-optimization-biodiesel-production-aspergillus00543nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245007700055210006900132260000800201300000700209490000700216100002200223700001600245700001600261856010800277       2022                        eng d  a0003-021X00aProcess optimization for biodiesel production using agro-waste substrate0 aProcess optimization for biodiesel production using agrowaste su  cOCT  a440 v991 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aBed, Rashmi1 aKumar, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/process-optimization-biodiesel-production-using-agro-waste-substrate00697nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260000800289300001000297490000700307100003100314700002200345700001600367700001600383856012800399       2022                        eng d  a0003-021X00aStatistical optimization of media for enhancing intracellular lipid content in Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 grown on waste cooking oil for biodiesel production0 aStatistical optimization of media for enhancing intracellular li  cOCT  a55-560 v991 aJagtap, Shubhangi, Ramling1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aRaut, Gouri1 aKumar, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/statistical-optimization-media-enhancing-intracellular-lipid-content-yarrowia-lipolytica02156nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245010800055210006900163260000900232300000700241490000700248520134100255653002701596653001701623653003401640653003301674653002401707100002601731700001601757700002401773856012901797       2023                        eng d  a2191-085500aPotential of Y. lipolytica epoxide hydrolase for efficient production of enantiopure (R)-1,2-octanediol0 aPotential of Y lipolytica epoxide hydrolase for efficient produc  cJUL   a770 v133 a<p>
	The recombinant Yleh from a tropical marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 exhibited a high epoxide hydrolase activity of 9.34 +/- 1.80 mu mol min(-1) mg(-1) protein towards 1,2-epoxyoctane (EO), at pH 8.0 and 30 degrees C. The reaction product was identified as 1,2-Octanediol (OD) by GC-MS using EO and H2O18 as substrate, affirming the functionality of Yleh as an epoxide hydrolase. For EO, the K-m, V-max, and k(cat)/K-m values were 0.43 +/- 0.017 mM, 0.042 +/- 0.003 mM min(-1), and 467.17 +/- 39.43 mM(-1) min(-1), respectively. To optimize the reaction conditions for conversion of racemic EO by Yleh catalyst to enantiopure (R)-1,2-octanediol, initially, Response Surface Methodology was employed. Under optimized reaction conditions of 15 mM EO, 150 mu g purified Yleh at 30 degrees C a maximal diol production of 7.11 mM was attained in a short span of 65 min with a yield of 47.4%. Green technology using deep eutectic solvents for the hydrophobic substrate (EO) were tested as co-solvents in Yleh catalyzed EO hydrolysis. Choline chloride-Glycerol, produced 9.08 mM OD with an increased OD yield of 60.5%. Thus, results showed that deep eutectic solvents could be a promising solvent for Yleh-catalyzed reactions making Yleh a potential biocatalyst for the biosynthesis of enantiopure synthons. [GRAPHICS] .</p>
10aDeep Eutectic solvents10aOptimization10aRecombinant epoxide hydrolase10aResponse surface methodology10aYarrowia lipolytica1 aGodase, Vijaya, P. P.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKumar, Ameeta, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/potential-y-lipolytica-epoxide-hydrolase-efficient-production-enantiopure-r-12-octanediol02517nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260000800239300000700247490000700254520170100261653002401962653001401986653003202000653001102032653002902043653001602072100002002088700001602108700002202124856012902146       2025                        eng d  a2191-085500aAspergillus terreus variant TB21 wet biomass optimized by in-situ transesterification for biodiesel production0 aAspergillus terreus variant TB21 wet biomass optimized by insitu  cFEB  a230 v153 a<p>
	The oleaginous fungus, Aspergillus terreus when subjected to random chemical mutagenesis led to isolation of TB21 variant with improved lipid content (78.1%) as compared to wild type (49.8%). The fungal wet biomass grown on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate (SCBH) was subjected to one-step in-situ (direct) acid transesterification to optimize its conversion to biodiesel using a 2-level factorial statistical design of experiments. The process optimization revealed that wet biomass and methanol were the most significant factors and in a short reaction time period of 5 min with low methanol: wet biomass ratio (10:1) influenced FAME production Statistical optimization studies showed that TB21 exhibited a higher FAME content of 76.5 and 38.1% (w/w) from wet and dry biomass, respectively when compared to wild type (48.1 and 24.5%). FAME productivity (0.55-1 h-1) and a yield (66 gL-1) were achieved when TB21 was grown on SCBH for 120 h at 30 degrees C. The FAME profile from the wet biomass of TB21 grown on SCBH had desirable amounts of saturated (77.7%), monounsaturated (7.2%), and polyunsaturated (2.4%) methyl esters. Physico-chemical properties of TB21-derived biodiesel were determined, namely, density(0.88 g cm-3), kinematic viscosity (4.1 mm s-2), iodine value (96.82), cetane number (55.31), free fatty acid content (0.15%), total acid number (0.3 NaOH mg g-1), meeting international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and Indian (IS 15607) standards. Thus, the direct one-pot in situ transesterification reaction using wet biomass of variant TB21 strain showed improved production and quality of biodiesel with potential large scale application using the low-cost substrate (SCBH).</p>
10aAspergillus Terreus10aBiodiesel10aIn situ transesterification10aMutant10aStatistical optimization10aWet biomass1 aBed, Rashmi, K.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/aspergillus-terreus-variant-tb21-wet-biomass-optimized-situ-transesterification-biodiesel