02105nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260009900289300001400388490000800402520111200410653000901522653001801531653002901549653001301578653002001591100002101611700002401632700002101656700002401677700002201701856012801723 2012 eng d a0308-814600aDiscovering bisdemethoxycurcumin from curcuma longa rhizome as a potent small molecule inhibitor of human pancreatic alpha-amylase, a target for type-2 diabetes0 aDiscovering bisdemethoxycurcumin from curcuma longa rhizome as a aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcDEC a2638-26420 v1353 a

Curcuma longa rhizome is used extensively in culinary preparations in Far East and South-East Asia. Health benefits of curcuminoids from C. longa as antioxidants, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory molecules have been well documented. We report here for the first time that Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) from C. longa, acts as an inhibitor to inactivate human pancreatic alpha-amylase, a therapeutic target for oral hypoglycemic agents in type-2 diabetes. Bioactivity guided isolation of rhizome isopropanol extract led to the identification by HPLC and NMR of BDMC as a lead small molecule inhibitor of porcine and human pancreatic alpha-amylase with an IC50 value of 0.026 and 0.025 mM, respectively. Kinetic analysis revealed that using starch as the substrate, HPA exhibited an uncompetitive mode of inhibition with an apparent K-i of 3.0 mu M. The study gains importance as BDMC could be a good drug candidate in development of new inhibitors of HPA and of functional foods for controlling starch digestion in order to reduce post-prandial hyperglycemia. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aBDMC10aCurcuma longa10aHuman pancreatic amylase10akinetics10aType-2 diabetes1 aPonnusamy, Sudha1 aZinjarde, Smita, S.1 aBhargava, Shobha1 aRajamohanan, P., R.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/discovering-bisdemethoxycurcumin-curcuma-longa-rhizome-potent-small-molecule-inhibitor-002127nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260009900246300001200345490000800357520114100365653002501506653001401531653003701545653002701582653000901609100001901618700001701637700002401654700002201678700001601700700002101716856012401737 2015 eng d a0960-852400aConversion of dried aspergillus candidus mycelia grown on waste whey to biodiesel by in situ acid transesterification0 aConversion of dried aspergillus candidus mycelia grown on waste  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcDEC a502-5070 v1973 a

This study reports optimization of the transesterification reaction step on dried biomass of an oleaginous fungus Aspergillus candidus grown on agro-dairy waste, whey. Acid catalyzed transesterification was performed and variables affecting esterification, viz., catalyst methanol and chloroform concentrations, temperature, time, and biomass were investigated. Statistical optimization of the transesterification reaction using Plackett-Burman Design showed biomass to be the predominant factor with a 12.5-fold increase in total FAME from 25.6 to 320 mg. Studies indicate that the transesterification efficiency in terms of conversion is favored by employing lower biomass loadings. A. candidus exhibited FAME profiles containing desirable saturated (30.2%), monounsaturated (31.5%) and polyunsaturated methyl esters (38.3%). The predicted and experimentally determined biodiesel properties (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value, cetane number, TAN, water content, total and free glycerol) were in accordance with international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and national (IS 15607) standards. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

10aAspergillus candidus10aBiodiesel10aIn situ acid transesterification10aPlackett-Burman Design10aWhey1 aKakkad, Hardik1 aKhot, Mahesh1 aZinjarde, Smita, S.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/conversion-dried-aspergillus-candidus-mycelia-grown-waste-whey-biodiesel-situ-acid-002652nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245013700055210006900192260009100261300001300352490000700365520181000372100002102182700001902203700002202222700002402244700003302268700002202301856012302323 2015 eng d a1932-620300aGedunin and azadiradione: human pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibiting limonoids from neem (azadirachta indica) as anti-diabetic agents0 aGedunin and azadiradione human pancreatic alphaamylase inhibitin a1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USAbPUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCEcOCT ae01401130 v103 a

Human pancreatic alpha-amylase (HPA) inhibitors offer an effective strategy to lower postprandial hyperglycemia via control of starch breakdown. Limonoids from Azadirachta indica known for their therapeutic potential were screened for pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibition, a known anti-diabetic target. Studies were carried out to reveal their mode of action so as to justify their hypoglycemic potential. Of the nine limonoids isolated/semi-synthesized from A. indica and screened for alpha-amylase inhibition, azadiradione and exhibited potential inhibition with an IC50 value of 74.17 and 68.38 mu M, respectively against HPA under in vitro conditions. Further screening on AR42J alpha-amylase secretory cell line for cytotoxicity and bioactivity revealed that azadiradione and gedunin exhibited cytotoxicity with IC50 of 11.1 and 13.4 mu M. Maximal secreted alpha-amylase inhibition of 41.8% and 53.4% was seen at 3.5 and 3.3 mu M, respectively. Michaelis-Menten kinetics suggested a mixed mode of inhibition with maltopentaose (K-i 42.2, 18.6 mu M) and starch (K-i' 75.8, 37.4 mu M) as substrate with a stiochiometry of 1: 1 for both azadiradione and gedunin, respectively. The molecular docking simulation indicated plausible p-alkyl and alkyl-alkyl interactions between the aromatic amino acids and inhibitors. Fluorescence and CD confirmed the involvement of tryptophan and tyrosine in ligand binding to HPA. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that binding is enthalpically and entropically driven with Delta G degrees of -21.25 kJ mol(-1) and -21.16 kJ mol(-1) for azadiradione and gedunin, respectively. Thus, the limonoids azadiradione and gedunin could bind and inactivate HPA (anti-diabetic target) and may prove to be lead drug candidates to reduce/control post-prandial hyperglycemia.

1 aPonnusamy, Sudha1 aHaldar, Saikat1 aMulani, Fayaj, A.1 aZinjarde, Smita, S.1 aThulasiram, Hirekodathakallu1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/gedunin-and-azadiradione-human-pancreatic-alpha-amylase-inhibiting-limonoids-neem-101628nas a2200193 4500008004100000245015300041210006900194260000800263300001200271490000700283520088500290100002201175700001901197700002401216700001601240700002601256700002201282856013001304 2016 eng d00aRole of aliasing and interacting factors in the enhanced production of dehalogenase from Yarrowia lipolytica for degradation of brominated compounds0 aRole of aliasing and interacting factors in the enhanced product cSEP a114-1210 v413 aUse of persistent organobromines for industrial applications has led to their accumulation in environment. Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589, a tropical marine yeast, degrades and detoxifies bromocompounds by an initial hydrolytic step. By optimizing culture conditions with 1-bromodecane as reference compound, the dehalogenase involved was remarkably enhanced 13-fold (384.13 U/ml) by a hybrid statistical Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design of experiments. Studies bring out in a novel way the role of aliasing and other masked interactions in growth media factors. Importantly, the enzyme acted on C3-C16 bromoalkanes and bromoaromatics, thereby generalizing the 'green chemistry' applicability of optimized media formulation for biotechnological applications. (C) 2016 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.1 aVatsal, Aakanksha1 aPotdar, Chirag1 aZinjarde, Smita, S.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, Bhasker, D.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/role-aliasing-and-interacting-factors-enhanced-production-dehalogenase-yarrowia-lipolytica01854nas a2200181 4500008004100000245010700041210006900148260000800217300001200225490000800237520118700245100002301432700002001455700002201475700002601497700002401523856012501547 2017 eng d00a4-Phenyl quinoline derivatives as potential serotonin receptor ligands with antiproliferative activity0 a4Phenyl quinoline derivatives as potential serotonin receptor li cAUG a246-2580 v1363 aAntagonists of signaling receptors are often effective non-toxic therapeutic agents. Over the years, there have been evidences describing the role of serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in development of cancer. Although there are reports on the antiproliferative effects of some serotonin receptor antagonists, there are very few investigations related to understanding their structure-activity relationships. In this study, we report the screening of a library of 4-phenyl quinoline derivatives for their antiproliferative activities. Preliminary docking studies indicated that these ligands had the ability to bind to two of the serotonin. receptors, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2B. The results of the in silico experiments were validated by performing in vitro studies on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The ethylpiperazine derivatives showed maximum toxicity against this cancer cell line. The compounds inhibited Calcium ion efflux (induced by serotonin) and ERK activation. One of the most active 4-phenyl quinoline derivatives (H3a) also induced apoptosis, thereby, suggesting the use of this scaffold as a potential anticancer drug. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.1 aJoshi, Pranaya, V.1 aSayed, Alim, A.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aPuranik, Vedavati, G.1 aZinjarde, Smita, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/4-phenyl-quinoline-derivatives-potential-serotonin-receptor-ligands-antiproliferative02462nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245015600055210006900211260000900280300001200289490000800301520151800309653001401827653000901841653003201850653001401882653002201896653002401918100001701942700002001959700002001979700001601999700002102015700002202036856012602058 2018 eng d a0360-544200aOptimization of the in situ transesterification step for biodiesel production using biomass of Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 grown on waste cooking oil0 aOptimization of the in situ transesterification step for biodies cJAN  a944-9520 v1423 a

The in situ (one-step) acid-catalyzed transesterification step for conversion to biodiesel of biomass from oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica grown on waste cooking oil (WCO) is studied. The process yield of biodiesel was optimized by investigating effects of various parameters, namely, biomass, methanol, chloroform, catalyst, temperature, time and sonication. A Plackett-Burman statistical design of experiments revealed that biomass is the most significant factor influencing biodiesel (FAME, fatty acid methyl ester) production. Subsequently, a one variable design (OVD) of experiments for increased biomass loadings showed higher yields of FAME with no additional requirement of reactants, solvents or special equipment. The biomass grown on WCO had a lipid productivity of 0.042 g L-1 h(-1) and 4 g of this loading gave a high FAME yield of 0.88 gin 8 hat 50 degrees C with methanol: chloroform (10:1) and acid catalyst (0.2 M H2SO4,1.0 ml g(-1)). The FAME profile had desirable amounts of saturated (32.81%), monounsaturated (36.41%), polyunsaturated (30.59%) methyl esters. The predicted and experimentally determined physico-chemical properties of FAME were found in accordance with specified international standards. Thus, the direct one-pot in situ transesterification reaction using Y. lipolytica biomass grown on WCO provides a high yield of biodiesel with potential applicability while simultaneously addressing the management of this pollutant. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aBiodiesel10aFAME10aIn situ transesterification10aOne -step10aWaste cooking oil10aYarrowia lipolytica1 aKatre, Gouri1 aRaskar, Shubham1 aZinjarde, Smita1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, B., D.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/optimization-situ-transesterification-step-biodiesel-production-using-biomass-yarrowia02434nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260000900240300001200249490000800261520151600269653001501785653001501800653002801815653002701843653001501870653002001885100001801905700002101923700001701944700001701961700002201978700002402000856013202024 2020 eng d a0141-813000aStructural and physical analysis of underwater silk from housing nest composites of a tropical chironomid midge0 aStructural and physical analysis of underwater silk from housing cNOV  a934-9420 v1633 a

Chironomids are an abundant group of aquatic silk spinning insects. They offer a unique opportunity of silk harvestation without killing them; however, they remained underappreciated models in silk research. Here, we investigate the structural and biomechanical characteristics of silk from the midge, Chironomus ramosus. A combination of microscopic (SEM), spectroscopic (CD and IR), structural (XRD), thermal (DSC and TGA) and mechanical measurement tools and techniques were employed to gain critical insights on midge silk. Maximum yield of silk was obtained from Chironomus in similar to 2.5 h, the shortest time reported among insects. The network of water-insoluble silk fibres possessed the smallest diameter of 110 +/- 35 nm, known for any insect silk, qualifying its superiority in fibre fineness. We demonstrate a cruelty-free silk extraction method in contrast to the conventional violent techniques. Structural characterization indicated coexistence of various secondary conformations, beta sheets being predominant. We compare and contrast these features to well-characterized caddisfly and silk-worm silks and highlight the uniqueness in midge silk that render mechanical stability and potentially contribute to its multi-functionalization. We thus propose Chironomus as an emerging candidate of water-borne silk, especially in the context of the `Peace silk' industry, aiming to develop non-violent methods for silk harvestation from animals. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10abiopolymer10aChironomus10aCommercial applications10aHousing nest composite10aPeace silk10aUnderwater silk1 aThorat, Leena1 aJoseph, Emmanuel1 aNisal, Anuya1 aShukla, Ekta1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aNath, Bimalendu, B. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/structural-and-physical-analysis-underwater-silk-housing-nest-composites-tropical-chironomid03123nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245017300055210006900228260000800297300001100305490000700316520221700323653001202540653001102552653002302563653002302586653000902609653001802618653002402636653001402660100002002674700002302694700002202717856011802739 2021 eng d a0145-888400aImprovement in serum amylase and glucose levels in diabetic rats on oral administration of bisdemethoxycurcumin from Curcuma longa and limonoids from Azadirachta indica0 aImprovement in serum amylase and glucose levels in diabetic rats cAPR ae136740 v453 a

Curcuma longa and Azadirachta indica are traditionally used in Indian cuisine and Ayurvedic medicine as nutraceuticals against diabetes. The crude C. longa isopropanol extract, bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), the purified bioactive component from C. longa, and limonoids azadiradione, gedunin from A. indica, are able to inhibit in vitro the antidiabetic target human pancreatic alpha-amylase independently. However, no reports on their in vivo efficacy in animal models exist. Thus, the antidiabetic effect of these orally administered human pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibitors was performed on streptozotocin-induced Sprague-Dawley rats. Initially, the normal rats were treated with test compounds (10-100 mg/kg of body weight) in corn oil (5 ml/kg), and as no lethality was observed in these doses, further studies were carried out with lowest concentration of 10 mg/kg of body weight. A reduction in area under curve (AUC) suggested glucose-lowering effect of these compounds in starch fed diabetic rats. The efficacy study showed a significant improvement in body weight, blood glucose levels, serum amylase, and fructosamine levels as well in other serum parameters associated with diabetes with respect to liver and renal functions. Hence, under in vivo conditions, inhibition of alpha-amylase activity by BDMC and limonoids affirms it as one of the mechanisms of action resulting in reduction of blood glucose levels. Practical applications Bisdemethoxycurcumin from C. longa and limonoids, namely, azadiradione and gedunin, from A. indica are potent inhibitors of the antidiabetic target human pancreatic alpha-amylase. Oral Starch Tolerance Test (OSTT) and 28-day efficacy study to check the effect of these orally administered inhibitors in diabetic rat models showed significant improvements in serum blood glucose and amylase levels as well as in other diabetes related serum parameters, namely, bilirubin, lipids, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and urea. The study contributes to understanding the action and efficacy of these pancreatic alpha-amylase inhibitors and suggests a potential role for them as nutraceuticals/therapeutics in management of post-prandial hyperglycemia.

10a&\#820810a&\#94510aAmylase inhibitors10aAzadiractha indica10aBDMC10aCurcuma longa10ain vivo rat studies10aLimonoids1 aRamkumar, Sudha1 aThulasiram, V., H.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/improvement-serum-amylase-and-glucose-levels-diabetic-rats-oral-administration00653nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245016200055210006900217260000800286300001200294490000700306100001700313700002200330700001600352856012700368 2021 eng d a0003-021X00aMethyl esters of fungal biomass-derived lipids produced via solid-state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse and assessment as a blend component in diesel fuel.0 aMethyl esters of fungal biomassderived lipids produced via solid cSEP a164-1650 v981 aKhot, Mahesh1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aKumar, Ravi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/methyl-esters-fungal-biomass-derived-lipids-produced-solid-state-fermentation-sugarcane01902nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245020300055210006900258260000800327300001200335490000700347520088600354653001901240653002201259653002201281653003201303653002601335653000901361100002301370700002001393700002301413700002201436700002601458700001601484856012401500 2021 eng d a1747-027700aOn the use of electronegativity and electron affinity based pseudo-molecular field descriptors in developing correlations for quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling of drug activities0 ause of electronegativity and electron affinity based pseudomolec cAUG a258-2690 v983 aFor quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling in ligand-based drug discovery programs, pseudo-molecular field (PMF) descriptors using intrinsic atomic properties, namely, electronegativity and electron affinity are studied. In combination with partial least squares analysis and Procrustes transformation, these PMF descriptors were employed successfully to develop correlations that predict the activities of target protein inhibitors involved in various diseases (cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, HIV, and malaria). The results show that the present QSAR approach is competitive to existing QSAR models. In order to demonstrate the use of this algorithm, we present results of screening naturally occurring molecules with unknown bioactivities. The pIC(50) predictions can screen molecules that have desirable activity before assessment by docking studies.10adrug discovery10aelectron affinity10aElectronegativity10amolecular field descriptors10apartial least squares10aQSAR1 aKunde, Pushkar, D.1 aRamkumar, Sudha1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D.1 aKumar, Ravi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/use-electronegativity-and-electron-affinity-based-pseudo-molecular-field-descriptors00543nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245007700055210006900132260000800201300000700209490000700216100002200223700001600245700001600261856010800277 2022 eng d a0003-021X00aProcess optimization for biodiesel production using agro-waste substrate0 aProcess optimization for biodiesel production using agrowaste su cOCT a440 v991 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aBed, Rashmi1 aKumar, Ravi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/process-optimization-biodiesel-production-using-agro-waste-substrate00697nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260000800289300001000297490000700307100003100314700002200345700001600367700001600383856012800399 2022 eng d a0003-021X00aStatistical optimization of media for enhancing intracellular lipid content in Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 grown on waste cooking oil for biodiesel production0 aStatistical optimization of media for enhancing intracellular li cOCT a55-560 v991 aJagtap, Shubhangi, Ramling1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aRaut, Gouri1 aKumar, Ravi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/statistical-optimization-media-enhancing-intracellular-lipid-content-yarrowia-lipolytica02517nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260000800239300000700247490000700254520170100261653002401962653001401986653003202000653001102032653002902043653001602072100002002088700001602108700002202124856012902146 2025 eng d a2191-085500aAspergillus terreus variant TB21 wet biomass optimized by in-situ transesterification for biodiesel production0 aAspergillus terreus variant TB21 wet biomass optimized by insitu cFEB a230 v153 a

The oleaginous fungus, Aspergillus terreus when subjected to random chemical mutagenesis led to isolation of TB21 variant with improved lipid content (78.1%) as compared to wild type (49.8%). The fungal wet biomass grown on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate (SCBH) was subjected to one-step in-situ (direct) acid transesterification to optimize its conversion to biodiesel using a 2-level factorial statistical design of experiments. The process optimization revealed that wet biomass and methanol were the most significant factors and in a short reaction time period of 5 min with low methanol: wet biomass ratio (10:1) influenced FAME production Statistical optimization studies showed that TB21 exhibited a higher FAME content of 76.5 and 38.1% (w/w) from wet and dry biomass, respectively when compared to wild type (48.1 and 24.5%). FAME productivity (0.55-1 h-1) and a yield (66 gL-1) were achieved when TB21 was grown on SCBH for 120 h at 30 degrees C. The FAME profile from the wet biomass of TB21 grown on SCBH had desirable amounts of saturated (77.7%), monounsaturated (7.2%), and polyunsaturated (2.4%) methyl esters. Physico-chemical properties of TB21-derived biodiesel were determined, namely, density(0.88 g cm-3), kinematic viscosity (4.1 mm s-2), iodine value (96.82), cetane number (55.31), free fatty acid content (0.15%), total acid number (0.3 NaOH mg g-1), meeting international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and Indian (IS 15607) standards. Thus, the direct one-pot in situ transesterification reaction using wet biomass of variant TB21 strain showed improved production and quality of biodiesel with potential large scale application using the low-cost substrate (SCBH).

10aAspergillus Terreus10aBiodiesel10aIn situ transesterification10aMutant10aStatistical optimization10aWet biomass1 aBed, Rashmi, K.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/aspergillus-terreus-variant-tb21-wet-biomass-optimized-situ-transesterification-biodiesel