02571nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245017500055210006900230260007300299300001000372490000800382520157900390653002401969653002801993653001202021653002402033653002202057653002002079653001102099100002602110700002402136700002602160856013102186       2006                        eng d  a0926-860X00aPartial oxidation of methane to syngas with or without simultaneous steam or CO2 reforming over a high-temperature stable-NiCoMgCeOx supported on zirconia-hafnia catalyst0 aPartial oxidation of methane to syngas with or without simultane  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJUN  a45-500 v3063 a<p>A NiCoMgCeOx (Ni/Co/Mg/Ce: 1:0.2:1.2:1.2)/zirconia-hafnia catalyst with unusually high thermal stability has been investigated for syngas generation via a process that includes the catalytic partial oxidation of methane (CPOM), the oxidative steam reforming of methane (OSRM) and the oxidative CO2 reforming of methane (OCRM). The catalyst calcined at 1400 degrees C (for 4 h) showed excellent activity/selectivity for the CPOM, OSRM and the OCRM reactions; furthermore no catalyst deactivation was observed for a period of 20 h. For the CPOM process, the selectivity for H-2 was &gt; 95% at reaction temperatures &gt; 650 degrees C however temperatures above 800 degrees C were required to achieve &gt; 95% CO selectivity. While the reaction temperature had a considerable influence on the CPOM product H-2/CO ratio, the space velocity (at 850 degrees C) did not affect it to any significant extent. For the OSRM process, the H2O/CH4 ratio and the reaction temperature had a strong effect on the product H-2/CO ratio and the heat of the reaction; depending on the H2O/CH4 ratio and reaction temperature, the OSRM process could be operated in a mildly exothermic, thermoneutral or mildly endothermic mode. The CO2 conversion was very strongly affected by the reaction temperature in the OCRM process; reasonably high CO2 conversion ( &gt; 40%) could only be obtained at high OCRM reaction temperatures ( &gt; 850 degrees C). The exothermicity of the OCRM reaction was found to decrease with increasing reaction temperature. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10adry (CO2) reforming10ahigh-temperature stable10amethane10aoxy-steam reforming10aPartial oxidation10aSteam reforming10aSyngas1 aChoudhary, Vasant, R.1 aMondal, Kartick, C.1 aChoudhary, Tushar, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/partial-oxidation-methane-syngas-or-without-simultaneous-steam-or-co2-reforming-over-high-001931nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260007100219300001200290490000700302520123400309100002601543700001501569700001701584700002601601856012201627       2006                        eng d  a0887-062400aPropane conversion to aromatics on highly active H-GaAlMFI: effect of thermal pretreatment0 aPropane conversion to aromatics on highly active HGaAlMFI effect  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcMAY  a919-9220 v203 a<p>The propane aromatization activity over H-GaAlMFI has been investigated after different thermal pretreatments ( calcination temperature range: 500- 800 degrees C) at a reaction temperature of 500 degrees C and in the space velocity range of 1500-12000 cm(3)/g/h. The calcination temperature had a strong influence on the strong acidity of the zeolite, propane conversion, and aromatic distribution. The decrease in acidity with increased thermal treatment severity correlated well with the decrease in the framework Ga. There was a considerable decrease in propane aromatization activity at calcination temperatures above 600 degrees C. The effect of calcination temperature on the propane aromatization activity can be explained in terms of change in the strong acidity of the zeolite and the extraframework Ga content. The selectivity for aromatics was found to decrease with increasing thermal pretreatment severity, while that for methane, ethane, and propylene was found to increase. The aromatic distribution was also influenced by the thermal pretreatment; the selectivity for benzene increased with increasing pretreatment temperature, while the selectivity for toluene, C-8 aromatics, and C9+ aromatics decreased.</p>1 aChoudhary, Tushar, V.1 aKinage, A.1 aBanerjee, S.1 aChoudhary, Vasant, R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/propane-conversion-aromatics-highly-active-h-gaalmfi-effect-thermal-pretreatment-0