01524nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245006500055210006400120260009900184300001200283490000700295520068100302653001300983653002300996653002401019653001101043653000801054100001801062700001501080700001901095700001801114700001801132700001301150856009501163       2008                        eng d  a0272-884200aCo-precipitation method for preparation of Bi3TiNbO9 powders0 aCoprecipitation method for preparation of Bi3TiNbO9 powders  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAPR  a675-6770 v343 a<p>A simple co-precipitation technique has been successfully used for the preparation of pure, ultrafine, single phase Bi3TiNbO9 (BTN). An aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution was used to simultaneously precipitate Bi3+, Ti4+ and Nb5+, cations as hydroxides under basic conditions (pH similar to 9). No pyrochlore phase was found while heating powder at 500 degrees C and pure BTN phase was found to be formed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). For comparison, BTN samples were also synthesized by the traditional solid state method. The sequence of phase formation in both cases were investigated by XRD studies. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aelectronic material10aOxides10aXRD1 aGupta, U., N.1 aSamuel, V.1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aKumar, H., H.1 aPatil, S., D.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/co-precipitation-method-preparation-bi3tinbo9-powders-001551nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005600112260009900168300001400267490000700281520069300288653001100981653001300992653002301005653002401028653001101052653002201063100001401085700001801099700001501117700001901132700001801151700001301169856009101182       2008                        eng d  a0272-884200aCo-precipitation technique to prepare BiNbO4 powders0 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare BiNbO4 powders  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAUG  a1565-15670 v343 a<p>A simple co-precipitation technique was successfully used for the preparation of pure ultrafine single phase BiNbO4. A standard ammonium hydroxide solution was used to precipitate Bi3+ and Ta5+ cations as hydroxides simultaneously under basic conditions. For comparison, BN powders were also prepared by the traditional solid-state method. It is observed that the co-precipitation technique produces BiNbO4 on heating at 600 degrees C, whereas complete phase formation occurs only at 800 degrees C in the solid-state method. The phase contents and lattice parameters were Studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>10aBiNbO410aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aRadha, R.1 aGupta, U., N.1 aSamuel, V.1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aKumar, H., H.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/co-precipitation-technique-prepare-binbo4-powders-001672nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245007900055210006900134260007300203300001200276490000700288520080200295653002301097653002401120653002501144653002201169100001901191700001801210700001901228700002101247700002401268700001301292856011301305       2008                        eng d  a0167-577X00aLow temperature synthesis of SrNb2O6 and SrTa2O6 using hydroxide precursor0 aLow temperature synthesis of SrNb2O6 and SrTa2O6 using hydroxide  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAR  a892-8940 v623 a<p>SrNb2O6 (SN) or SrTA(2)O(6) (ST) compounds were prepared at low temperatures for the first time from hydroxide precursors. A simple procedure of mixing commercially purchased strontium hydroxide and niobium (or tantalum) hydroxide thoroughly together and heating at a low temperature (&lt;400 degrees C) produced SrNb2O6 (SN) or SrTa2O6 (ST) powders. This is the lowest temperature so far reported for the formation of these phases. These materials are potential candidates for ferroelectric and electro-optic applications. The reaction sequence and evolution of the phase formation were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The average particle size and morphology of these powders were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aX-ray diffraction1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aKumar, H., H.1 aRao, Koteswara1 aPradhan, Sivaram1 aJha, Ratnesh, Kumar1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/low-temperature-synthesis-srnb2o6-and-srta2o6-using-hydroxide-precursor-002155nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245008800055210006900143260010600212300001400318490000700332520116500339653001301504653002301517653002401540653001101564653002201575100001901597700001901616700001801635700002101653700002401674700001801698700001801716700001301734856011801747       2008                        eng d  a0025-540800aNovel hydroxide precursors for low temperature synthesis of selected ternary oxides0 aNovel hydroxide precursors for low temperature synthesis of sele  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJUL  a1842-18490 v433 a<p>A novel method of using hydroxide precursors to reduce the synthesis temperature for few selected ternary oxides has been presented here. This technique is very useful and advantageous when the ternary oxides contain an alkaline earth element. The selected compositions for this method are BaCeO3 (BC), BaBiO3 (BB), La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 (LSCO) and BaBi2Nb2O9 (BBN). Commercially purchased strontium (or barium) hydroxide and freshly prepared lanthanum, cobalt, bismuth and niobium hydroxides were mixed thoroughly in stoichiometric ratio and heated at different temperatures ranging from 100 to 700 degrees C for 10 h for corresponding compositions. The sequence of the reaction and evolution of the product phase were studied by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The phase purity and lattice parameters were also determined by XRD investigations. All the product phases in each case were formed at relatively low temperature than when they were prepared by co-precipitation or solid state method. The morphology and average particle size of these powders were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aRao, Koteswara1 aGupta, U., N.1 aPradhan, Sivaram1 aJha, Ratnesh, Kumar1 aKumar, H., H.1 aMirji, S., A.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-hydroxide-precursors-low-temperature-synthesis-selected-ternary-oxides-001457nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245005900055210005900114260009900173300001200272490000700284520065200291653002500943653001300968653001600981653001200997653001801009100001901027700001801046700001501064700001801079700001301097856009301110       2008                        eng d  a0272-884200aNovel hydroxide precursors to prepare NaNbO3 and KNbO30 aNovel hydroxide precursors to prepare NaNbO3 and KNbO3  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAPR  a671-6730 v343 a<p>Firstly, fresh niobium, hydroxide was precipitated from NbF5 solution using an aqueous ammonium hydroxide under basic conditions. Then a simple procedure of mixing potassium (or sodium) and niobium hydroxides together and heating at a low temperature (&lt;400 degrees C) produced KNbO3 (KN) or NaNbO3 (NN) powders. This is the lowest temperature so far reported for the formation of these phases. The phase content and lattice parameters are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average particle size and morphology were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>10achemical preparation10aniobates10aPerovskites10apowders10aX-ray methods1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aKumar, H., H.1 aSamuel, V.1 aGupta, U., N.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-hydroxide-precursors-prepare-nanbo3-and-knbo3-001427nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005700112260009900169300001200268490000700280520065300287653004100940653002400981653002501005653001101030100001901041700001801060700001801078700001301096856008801109       2008                        eng d  a0272-884200aNovel technique to prepare LiTaO3 at low temperature0 aNovel technique to prepare LiTaO3 at low temperature  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAPR  a669-6700 v343 a<p>Firstly, fresh tantalum hydroxide was precipitated from TaF5 solution using an aqueous ammonium hydroxide under basic conditions. Then a simple procedure of mixing lithium and tantalum hydroxides together and heating at a low temperature (450 degrees C) produced pure ultrafine single phase LiTaO3 (LT). This is the lowest temperature so far reported for the formation of LT in the literature. The phase content and lattice parameters are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average particle size and morphology were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>10achemical synthesis X-ray diffraction10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aLiTaO31 aMuthurajan, H.1 aKumar, H., H.1 aNatarajan, N.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-technique-prepare-litao3-low-temperature-001533nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245008000055210006900135260007300204300001200277490000700289520063100296653001300927653002400940653002100964653001100985653001800996653002201014100001801036700001901054700001801073700001901091700002401110700001301134856010801147       2008                        eng d  a0167-577X00aSynthesis of LSMO at low temperature by novel hydroxide precursor technique0 aSynthesis of LSMO at low temperature by novel hydroxide precurso  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcFEB  a527-5290 v623 a<p>A novel technique of mixing individual hydroxide is employed to prepare La0.65Sr0.35MnO3 (LSMO) at low temperature. Freshly prepared lanthanum and manganese hydroxides are mixed thoroughly with strontium hydroxide in stoichiometric ratio and heated at different temperatures ranging from 100 to 500 degrees C for 6 h. At 500 degrees C, formation of La0.65Sr0.35MnO3 was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction studies (XRD). This is the lowest temperature so far reported in the literature. The particle size and morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aElectron microscopy10aLa0.65Sr0.35MnO310aOxides10aPrecipitation10aX-ray diffraction1 aGupta, U., N.1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aKumar, H., H.1 aRao, Koteswara1 aGokhale, Suresh, P.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-lsmo-low-temperature-novel-hydroxide-precursor-technique-0