01449nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245006200055210006200117260007300179300001400252490000700266520067700273653001300950653002300963653002400986653001101010653002201021100001801043700002201061700001801083700001301101856009301114       2005                        eng d  a0167-577X00aSynthesis of bismuth oxide nanoparticles at 100 degrees C0 aSynthesis of bismuth oxide nanoparticles at 100 degrees C  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAUG  a2523-25250 v593 a<p>A simple gel to crystal conversion route has been followed for the preparation of ultrafine Bi2O3 particles at 80-100 degrees C under refluxing conditions. Freshly prepared bismuth hydroxide gel is allowed to crystallize under refluxing and stirring conditions for 6-12 h. Formation of nanocrystallites of Bi2O3 is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. The thermal decomposition of bismuth hydroxide yields Bi2O3 only at 400 degrees C. This shows the advantage of the present method. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) investigations revealed that the average particle size is 50 nm for these oven-dried powders. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aPatil, M., M.1 aDeshpande, V., V.1 aDhage, S., R.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-bismuth-oxide-nanoparticles-100-degrees-c-001328nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245004900055210004700104260009900151300001200250490000700262520058100269653000900850653002500859653002400884653001200908653001800920100001800938700002000956700001900976700001300995856007801008       2005                        eng d  a0272-884200aSynthesis of Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 at 100 degrees C0 aSynthesis of Ce075Zr025O2 at 100 degrees C  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJAN  a211-2130 v313 a<p>A simple gel to crystal conversion route has been used for the preparation of Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 phase at 80-100degreesC under refluxing conditions. Freshly prepared metal hydroxides gel from cerium and zirconium salt solution is allowed to crystallize under refluxing and stirring conditions for 4-10 h. Formation of nano crystallites of Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations revealed the average particle size of these powders to be 5 nm. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd and Techna S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeO210achemical preparation10aElectron microscopy10apowders10aX-ray methods1 aDhage, S., R.1 aGaikwad, S., R.1 aMuthukumar, P.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-ce075zr025o2-100-degrees-c-001228nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245005600055210005600111260007300167300001200240490000700252520051400259653001300773653002300786653002400809653001100833653002200844100001800866700001700884700001300901856008400914       2005                        eng d  a0167-577X00aSynthesis of fine particles of ZnO at 100 degrees C0 aSynthesis of fine particles of ZnO at 100 degrees C  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAR  a779-7810 v593 a<p>A simple gel to crystal conversion route has been followed for the preparation of fine ZnO at 80-100 degreesC under refluxing conditions. Freshly prepared zinc hydroxide gel is allowed to crystallize under refluxing and stirring conditions for 4-6 It. Formation of fine crystallites of ZnO is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) investigations revealed that the average particle size is 100 nm for these powders. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aDhage, S., R.1 aPasricha, R.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-fine-particles-zno-100-degrees-c-001488nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245004800055210004600103260007300149300001400222490000700236520083300243653001301076653002401089653002101113653001101134100001801145700001701163700001301180856007701193       2005                        eng d  a0167-577X00aSynthesis of Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 by urea method0 aSynthesis of Sr05Ba05Nb2O6 by urea method  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAPR  a1053-10550 v593 a<p>A precipitate was formed when an aqueous solution of SrCl2, BaCl2, NbF5 and urea in stoichiometric ratio (total metal cations to urea ratio is 5) is heated on a water bath.. This precipitate on decomposition at 750 degreesC yielded the nanocrystallites of ternary oxide, Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 (SBN) as confirmed by X-ray diffraction study (XRD). This is much lower temperature as compared to that prepared by traditional solid state method (1000 degreesC as reported for the formation of SBN ceramics. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) investigations revealed that the average particle size is 100 nm for the calcined powders. The room temperature dielectric constant at 1 kHz is found to be 1050. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop parameters of these samples were also studied. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aElectron microscopy10aferroelectricity10aOxides1 aDhage, S., R.1 aPasricha, R.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-sr05ba05nb2o6-urea-method-0