02352nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260007300241300001400314490000800328520145300336653001101789653001601800653001101816653001901827653001201846653001201858100001701870700001801887700001501905700001401920700002301934856012901957       2009                        eng d  a0169-433200aNovel electroless process for copper coating of flyash using titania/ultraviolet-radiation/metal catalyst-system0 aNovel electroless process for copper coating of flyash using tit  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAPR  a6696-67040 v2553 a<p>A novel electroless process has been demonstrated in this investigation to coat the surface of flyash particles with a conducting metal such as copper. The conventional electroless process has been modified for this purpose by replacing the tin-palladium catalyst-system with the titania/ultraviolet-radiation/metal catalyst-system, where the metal is either copper or silver as demonstrated here. The mechanism of copper coating of flyash particles in an electroless bath, using the novel methods of surface-sensitization and surface-activation, has been systematically studied by monitoring changes in the surface-morphology, surface-chemistry, and surface-structure of flyash particles using the scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, X-ray photoelectron spectroscope, and X-ray diffraction. It has been revealed that the novel electroless method involves coating the flyash particles with titania photocatalyst via sol-gel, which acts as a surface-sensitizer under the ultraviolet-radiation exposure for the subsequent surface-activation with the copper- or silver-clusters. The latter in turn acts as surface-catalyst for the subsequent Cu-coating in an electroless bath. The proposed mechanism of surface-sensitization and surface-activation of flyash particles using the novel catalyst-system has been compared with that using the conventional catalyst-system. (C) 2009 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCopper10aElectroless10aFlyash10aPhotocatalysis10asol-gel10atitania1 aShijitha, T.1 aBaiju, K., V.1 aShukla, S.1 aPatil, K.1 aWarrier, K., G. K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-electroless-process-copper-coating-flyash-using-titaniaultraviolet-radiationmetal-0