01527nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245005000055210005000105260007300155300001400228490000700242520076300249653001301012653002301025653002401048653001101072653002101083100001801104700002201122700002201144700001501166700001301181856007901194       2005                        eng d  a0167-577X00aSynthesis of rutile from ATO and stearic acid0 aSynthesis of rutile from ATO and stearic acid  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcSEP  a2673-26750 v593 a<p>Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide in the rutile phase has been obtained from the solid state reaction between ammonium titanyl oxalate (ATO) and stearic acid at 400 degrees C in air. The fine powders of ATO and stearic acid are mixed well using acetone in an agate mortar and pestle for 2 h. This mixture (weight ratio of ATO to stearic acid &gt; 5) on heating at 400 degrees C produces rutile powders. For the ratios of ATO to stearic acid &lt; 5, a mixture of anatase and rutile phases is obtained. Pure ATO yields anatase phase on decomposition at 400 degrees C. These powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray techniques1 aPatil, M., M.1 aDeshpande, V., V.1 aDeshpande, S., B.1 aSamuel, V.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-rutile-ato-and-stearic-acid-001492nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005500112260010500167300001200272490000700284520071000291653001301001653002401014653002101038653001101059653002201070100002101092700002001113700001501133700001301148856008901161       2006                        eng d  a0250-470700aCoprecipitation technique to prepare Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O60 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare Sr05Ba05Nb2O6  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCEScJUN  a221-2230 v293 a<p>An aqueous mixture of ammonium oxalate and ammonium hydroxide was used to coprecipitate barium and strontium ions as oxalates and niobium ions as hydroxide under basic conditions. This precursor on calcining at 750 degrees C yielded Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 phase. This is a much lower temperature than that prepared by traditional solid state method (1000 degrees C) as reported for the formation of Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 (SBN). Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) investigations revealed that the average particle size was 80 nm for the calcined powders. The room temperature dielectric constant at I kHz was found to be 1100. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop parameters of these samples were also studied.</p>10aCeramics10aElectron microscopy10aferroelectricity10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aMurugan, Vadivel1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aSamuel, V.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/coprecipitation-technique-prepare-sr05ba05nb2o6-001534nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245006500055210006500120260007300185300001400258490000700272520073300279653001301012653002301025653002401048653001101072653001101083653002201094100002101116700001501137700001901152700001301171856009601184       2006                        eng d  a0167-577X00aPhase evolution of NiTiO3 prepared by coprecipitation method0 aPhase evolution of NiTiO3 prepared by coprecipitation method  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJUL  a1791-17920 v603 a<p>A simple coprecipitation technique was used for the preparation of NiTiO3 powders. Ammonium carbonate solution was added to a solution mixture containing stoichiometric amounts of Ni(NO3)(2) and TiOCl2 to precipitate nickel as carbonate and titanium as hydroxide under basic conditions. The precipitate was calcined at different temperatures ranging from 100 to 800 degrees C and phase evolution of NiTiO3 was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. It is observed that nickel titanate was formed at 750 degrees C. For comparison, NiTiO3 was also prepared by standard ceramic process. Particle size and morphology was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aNiTiO310aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aMurugan, Vadivel1 aSamuel, V.1 aNavale, S., C.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/phase-evolution-nitio3-prepared-coprecipitation-method-001333nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245004900055210004900104260007300153300001400226490000700240520056500247653002300812653002400835653002500859653001100884653001800895100001500913700002000928700001900948700001800967700001300985856008100998       2007                        eng d  a0167-577X00aCoprecipitation technique to prepare NiNb2O60 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare NiNb2O6  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAY  a2354-23550 v613 a<p>A mixture of ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydroxide was used to coprecipitate nickel and niobium ions as nickel carbonate and niobium hydroxide under basic conditions. This precursor yielded NiNb2O6 (NN) ceramics on calcining at 700 degrees C (at a temperature lower than 800 degrees C which is necessary for the formation of NiNb2O6 when prepared by the traditional solid state method). The average particle size and morphology of these powders were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aOxides10aX-ray methods1 aSamuel, V.1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aJadhav, A., D.1 aNatarajan, N.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/coprecipitation-technique-prepare-ninb2o601416nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005700112260007300169300001200242490000700254520062500261653002300886653002400909653002500933653001100958653002200969100001500991700002001006700001901026700001801045700001301063856008601076       2007                        eng d  a0167-577X00aNovel technique to prepare LiNbO3 at low temperature0 aNovel technique to prepare LiNbO3 at low temperature  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcFEB  a765-7660 v613 a<p>Fresh niobium hydroxide was first precipitated from NbF5 solution using an aqueous ammonium hydroxide under basic conditions. Then a simple procedure of mixing lithium and niobium hydroxides together and heating at a low temperature (400 degrees C) produced pure ultrafine single phase LiNbO3 (LN). In the literature, this is the lowest temperature so far reported on the formation of LN. The phase content and lattice parameters are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average particle size and morphology were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aLiNbO310aX-ray diffraction1 aSamuel, V.1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aJadhav, A., D.1 aMirji, S., A.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-technique-prepare-linbo3-low-temperature01515nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260009900207300001200306490000700318520067600325653001301001653002301014653002401037653001101061653001801072100002101090700002001111700001501131700001301146856011401159       2007                        eng d  a0272-884200aPreparation of nanocrystalline ferroelectric CaBi4Ti4O15 by citrate gel method0 aPreparation of nanocrystalline ferroelectric CaBi4Ti4O15 by citr  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJAN  a569-5710 v333 a<p>A gel was formed when an aqueous solution of CaCl2, BiNO3, TiOCl2 and citric acid in stoichiometric ratio is heated on a water bath. This gel on decomposition at 700 degrees C produced nano crystallites of the ternary oxide, CaBi4Ti4O15 (CBT). The phase contents and lattice parameters were studied by the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particle size and morphology was studied by transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM). The room temperature dielectric constant at 1 kHz is 390. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop parameters of these samples were also studied by a home-built Sawyer-tower circuit. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.H. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray methods1 aMurugan, Vadivel1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aSamuel, V.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-nanocrystalline-ferroelectric-cabi4ti4o15-citrate-gel-method-001551nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005600112260009900168300001400267490000700281520069300288653001100981653001300992653002301005653002401028653001101052653002201063100001401085700001801099700001501117700001901132700001801151700001301169856009101182       2008                        eng d  a0272-884200aCo-precipitation technique to prepare BiNbO4 powders0 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare BiNbO4 powders  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAUG  a1565-15670 v343 a<p>A simple co-precipitation technique was successfully used for the preparation of pure ultrafine single phase BiNbO4. A standard ammonium hydroxide solution was used to precipitate Bi3+ and Ta5+ cations as hydroxides simultaneously under basic conditions. For comparison, BN powders were also prepared by the traditional solid-state method. It is observed that the co-precipitation technique produces BiNbO4 on heating at 600 degrees C, whereas complete phase formation occurs only at 800 degrees C in the solid-state method. The phase contents and lattice parameters were Studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>10aBiNbO410aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aRadha, R.1 aGupta, U., N.1 aSamuel, V.1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aKumar, H., H.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/co-precipitation-technique-prepare-binbo4-powders-0