02068nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245006600055210006600121260009500187300001200282490000800294520115700302653004301459653002401502653002901526653005201555653001601607653001401623100001901637700002201656700002101678700001801699856009701717       2007                        eng d  a0021-951700aActivation and reactivity of epoxides on solid acid catalysts0 aActivation and reactivity of epoxides on solid acid catalysts  a525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USAbACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCEcDEC  a148-1600 v2523 a<p>The aminolysis of epoxides over novel solid catalysts (Bronsted-acidic SBA-15 functionalized with propylsulfonic acid and Lewis-acidic Ti-MCM-41) is reported. The acidic properties of these catalysts were determined by FTIR spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption of pyridine and NH3, respectively. The mesoporous solid acids of the present study are reusable and exhibit significantly higher catalytic activities than known catalysts for opening of the oxirane ring with nitrogen (aromatic and aliphatic amines)-containing and oxygen (alcohols)-containing nucleophiles. A range of beta-amino, alcohols with high regioselectivity and stereoselectivity were synthesized. Adsorption studies as well as the sigmoid shape of the conversion- versus-time plots show that the epoxide and amine compete for adsorption on the acidic sites (-SO3H or Ti4+) on the catalyst surface. Epoxide adsorption and activation on acid sites are the more critical processes. Catalytic activity decreases with increasing basicity of the amines and/or the alcohol, as well as the dielectric constant of the solvent. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p>10aaminolysis and alcoholysis of epoxides10abeta-Amino alcohols10aring opening of epoxides10aSBA-15 functionalized with propylsulfortic acid10aSolid acids10aTi-MCM-411 aSaikia, Lakshi1 aSatyarthi, J., K.1 aSrinivas, Darbha1 aRatnasamy, P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/activation-and-reactivity-epoxides-solid-acid-catalysts-001523nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245012700055210006900182260005700251300001000308490000800318520054500326653002400871653003100895653004400926653003500970653003001005100001901035700002201054700002401076700002101100700001801121856013001139       2008                        eng d  a1011-372X00aDouble metal cyanides as efficient solid acid catalysts for synthesis of beta-amino alcohols under solvent-free conditions0 aDouble metal cyanides as efficient solid acid catalysts for synt  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcJUN  a24-310 v1233 a<p>A novel application of Fe-Zn double metal cyanide complexes as solid, acid catalysts for regioselective synthesis of beta-amino alcohols under solvent-free conditions via ring-opening of epoxides with amines is reported for the first time. The conversion of epoxides to beta-amino alcohols is nearly 100%. In the reaction with styrene oxide, regioselective beta-amino alcohol formation is higher with aromatic than with aliphatic amines. Strong Lewis acidic Zn(2+) ions in the catalyst are probably the active sites in this reaction.</p>10abeta-Amino alcohols10adouble metal cyanide (DMC)10aregioselective ring-opening of epoxides10aSingle crystal x-ray structure10asolid Lewis-acid catalyst1 aSaikia, Lakshi1 aSatyarthi, J., K.1 aGonnade, Rajesh, G.1 aSrinivas, Darbha1 aRatnasamy, P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/double-metal-cyanides-efficient-solid-acid-catalysts-synthesis-beta-amino-alcohols-under-001830nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260007300207300001200280490000800292520099600300653003301296653001801329653001601347653004201363653002401405100002201429700001701451700001801468856011401486       2011                        eng d  a0926-860X00aHydrolysis of vegetable oils and fats to fatty acids over solid acid catalysts0 aHydrolysis of vegetable oils and fats to fatty acids over solid   aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJAN  a427-4350 v3913 a<p>Solid Fe-Zn double-metal cyanide (DMC) complexes exhibit high catalytic activity for hydrolysis of edible and non-edible vegetable oils and animal fat. In a batch reaction, complete conversion of vegetable oil triglycerides to fatty acids with selectivity greater than 73 wt% was obtained at temperatures as low as 463 K, autogenous pressure and with 5 wt% of catalyst. Catalytic activity of DMC was superior to Amberlyst (TM) 70, SAPO-11, H-beta, HY, MoO(x)/Al(2)O(3) and sulfated zirconia. Rates of hydrolysis were greatly enhanced when solvents (tetrahydrofuran or N,N-dimethylformamide), phase transfer agents (tetrapropyl ammonium bromide) and products (a mixture of mono-/diglycerides and fatty acids) or fatty acid was added to the feed. Surface hydrophobicity which enables high wettability and activation of glycerides on active, acidic sites of reusable DMC is attributed to be the major cause for its superior catalytic activity. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aDouble-metal cyanide complex10aFat splitting10aFatty acids10aHydrolysis of vegetable oils and fats10asolid acid catalyst1 aSatyarthi, J., K.1 aSrinivas, D.1 aRatnasamy, P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/hydrolysis-vegetable-oils-and-fats-fatty-acids-over-solid-acid-catalysts-0