01710nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245004600055210004600101260006100147300001200208490000700220520110700227653000901334653002001343653001901363653003001382100002401412856008001436 2006 eng d a0267-083600aCrystallisation in polymer nanocomposites0 aCrystallisation in polymer nanocomposites aHUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLANDbMANEY PUBLISHINGcJUL a797-8060 v223 a

Polymer nanocomposites are of interest as they exhibit extraordinary properties compared with the base polymer. The second phase dispersed in the polymer matrix can be carbon nanotubes, semi-conducting inorganic nanoparticles or layer silicates such as clay. Crystallisation in these materials is also of great interest. Polymers exhibit structures at various scales (e.g. lamella, unit cell and spherulites) and the presence of a second phase has a profound effect on crystallisation. General trends observed include acceleration/retardation of crystallisation, changes in spherulite morphology and, in a few cases, changes in the crystal structure. All these observations relate to the presence of a micrometre scale second phase. However, when the dimensions of the second phase are close to the chain dimensions, the effects on crystallisation become particularly interesting. An attempt is made in the present review to address the effect of a nanoscale second phase on aspects such as isothermal and non-isothermal crystallisation, spherulite growth, phase transformation and polymorphism.

10aclay10acrystallisation10aNanocomposites10apolymer matrix composites1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/crystallisation-polymer-nanocomposites-002156nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245009300055210006900148260009900217300001400316490000700330520139800337653001001735653002501745653001901770100002501789700002401814856012401838 2006 eng d a0032-386100aCrystallization and phase transformation kinetics of poly(1-butene)/MWCNT nanocomposites0 aCrystallization and phase transformation kinetics of poly1butene aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAUG a6414-64210 v473 a

Poly(1-butene)/MWCNT nanocomposites were prepared by simple melt processing technique. Crystallization, crystal-to-crystal phase transformation and spherulitic morphology were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and optical microscopy (OM). The non-isothermal crystallization exhibited higher values of Z, derived from Avrami theory and lower values of F(T) obtained from Avrami-Ozawa analysis, while the isothermal crystallization revealed a significant increase in crystallization temperatures and lower crystallization half times compared to pristine PB. The observed changes in the crystallization kinetics were ascribed to the enhanced nucleation of PB in the presence of MWCNT. The nucleating activity calculated from the non-isothermal crystallization data revealed that the MWCNTs provide an active surface for the nucleation of PB. The optical micrographs exhibited significantly smaller crystallites with disordered morphology for the nanocomposites compared to the well defined spherulitic morphology for pristine PB. The rate of phase transformation from kinetically favored tetragonal to thermodynamically stable hexagonal form was noticeably enhanced as evidenced by the reduction in the half time for phase transformation from 58 h to 25 h for PB reinforced with 7% MWCNT. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aMWCNT10aPhase transformation10apoly(1-butene)1 aWanjale, Santosh, D.1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/crystallization-and-phase-transformation-kinetics-poly1-butenemwcnt-nanocomposites-002090nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245015900055210006900214260006700283300001200350490000700362520121000369653002101579653002401600653002001624653001801644653002801662100002901690700002401719856012901743 2008 eng d a0959-810300aCopolyester nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes: reinforcement effect of carbon nanotubes on viscoelastic and dielectric properties of nanocomposites0 aCopolyester nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes reinforceme a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcJAN a114-1230 v573 a

Nanocomposites based on an amorphous copolyester, poly(ethylene glycol-co-cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol terephthalate) and carbon nanotubes were fabricated using a simple melt processing technique. The reinforcement effect of carbon nanotubes in the copolyester was investigated experimentally using different approaches based on dynamic mechanical analysis, theology and dielectric analysis. The nanocomposites show a mechanical reinforcement effect with significant increase in the stiffness especially in the rubbery regime with increasing nanotube content. An increase in T-g and a decrease in damping are seen, which are derived from the presence of a percolating superstructure of the filler. Rheological experiments show an increase in storage modulus up to four orders of magnitude. Viscolelastic characterization shows that the percolation threshold is at 3 wt% of nanotubes. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy confirms the presence of this percolating structure. We conclude that the responses of both rheological and electrical properties are different, although both are related to the formation of a percolating network superstructure of the filler. (c) 2007 Society of Chemical Industry.

10aCarbon nanotubes10adielectric analysis10ananocomposites.10areinforcement10aviscoelastic properties1 aKalgaonkar, Rajendra, A.1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/copolyester-nanocomposites-based-carbon-nanotubes-reinforcement-effect-carbon-nanotubes-002210nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245018400055210006900239260009900308300001400407490000800421520106400429653002601493653002501519653003901544653003201583653001401615100002501629700002501654700002401679700002401703700002701727700002301754700002701777856012801804 2011 eng d a0960-852400aCharacterisation of copolymer, poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHB-co-PHV) produced by halomonas campisalis (MCM B-1027), its biodegradability and potential application0 aCharacterisation of copolymer poly hydroxybutyratecohydroxyvaler aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUN a6625-66280 v1023 a

Characterisation of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) film produced by haloalkalitolerant Halomonas campisalis (MCM B-1027) in 14 L SS fermenter revealed it to have composition of monomer units, HB:HV as 96:4 as analysed by (1)H NMR indicating the PHA as a co-polymer of PHB-co-PHV, molecular weight by gel permeation chromatography as 2.08 x 10(6), melting temperature 166.51 degrees C, tensile strength 18.8 MPa; two relaxations namely beta transition corresponding to the glass rubber transition and alpha transition corresponding to crystalline relaxation by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal analysis and only one relaxation corresponding to MWS interfacial polarisation with activation energy of 129 kJ/mol by broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Optical microscopic studies showed typical Maltese-cross pattern of spherulites. The PHA film was found to be biodegradable by standard ASTM method as well as by soil burial method. The leak proof polymer bags prepared from the film could be used as a packaging material. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aBiodegradable polymer10aCopolymer PHB-co-PHV10aDielectric relaxation spectroscopy10aDynamic mechanical analysis10aHalomonas1 aKulkarni, Snehal, O.1 aKanekar, Pradnya, P.1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash1 aPatil, Prashant, A.1 aNilegaonkar, Smita, S.1 aSarnaik, Seema, S.1 aKshirsagar, Pranav, R. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/characterisation-copolymer-poly-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate-phb-co-phv-produced-002190nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260009200215300001200307490000600319520125600325653001601581653001801597653001201615653001301627653001701640100001801657700001801675700001901693700002401712700001801736700002001754700001801774856012001792 2011 eng d a1936-661200aControlling stoichiometry in low temperature synthesis of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanoparticles0 aControlling stoichiometry in low temperature synthesis of La07Sr a26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USAbAMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERScFEB a424-4300 v43 a

Nanoparticles of complex oxides (<20 nm) are desirable for several applications in view of the diverse range of physical properties of such oxides. However the simultaneous presence of multiple cation precursors makes the corresponding chemical synthesis non-trivial with possible intermediate evolution of secondary phases. Such phases could react at high temperatures to form the desired stoichiometry, but this process is diffusion limited and can lead to larger particles. In this work we examine the role of three different reaction and growth controlling additives, namely dextran, citric acid and hexamine, on the synthesis of the well known colossal magneto-resistive (CMR) manganite La0.7Sr0.3MnO3. We demonstrate that phase evolutions differ significantly in the three cases, and the physical properties of the products also differ dramatically. Only dextran is shown to yield the desired phase with faceted nanoparticles at as low a temperature as 600 degrees C. A high saturation moment of similar to 47 emu/gm is realized at 10 K with a good square hysteresis loop. In 650 degrees C annealed sample, room temperature magnetization of similar to 15 emu/gm was obtained, which brings the nanoparticles in the applicability domain.

10aCitric acid10aComplex Oxide10aDextran10aHexamine10ahydrothermal1 aAzarifar, Ali1 aYadav, P., A.1 aChawla, A., K.1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash1 aPatil, S., I.1 aChandra, Ramesh1 aOgale, S., B. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/controlling-stoichiometry-low-temperature-synthesis-la07sr03mno3-nanoparticles-001333nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245004900055210004900104260010600153300001400259490000800273520058400281653002300865653001200888653001400900653001900914100001800933700002100951700002400972700002900996856007801025 2012 eng d a0038-109800aCarbon nanoscrolls by pyrolysis of a polymer0 aCarbon nanoscrolls by pyrolysis of a polymer aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcDEC a2092-20950 v1523 a

3D network of carbon nanoscrolls was synthesized starting from pyrolysis of poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt. It is a catalyst-free process where pyrolysis of polymer leads to formation of carbon form and sodium carbonate. Upon water soaking of pyrolysis product, the carbon form undergoes self-assembly to form carbon nanoscrolls. The interlayer distance between the walls of carbon nanoscroll was found to be 0.34 nm and the carbon nanoscrolls exhibited a surface area of 188 m(2)/g as measured by the BET method. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aCarbon nanoscrolls10aPolymer10aPyrolysis10asupercapacitor1 aYadav, Prasad1 aWarule, Sambhaji1 aJog, Jyoti, Prakash1 aOgale, Satishchandra, B. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/carbon-nanoscrolls-pyrolysis-polymer-0