01262nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245010100055210006900156260007300225300001200298490000800310520038700318653002700705653003700732653001400769653003600783100002800819700001900847700002100866700001800887856012700905       2007                        eng d  a0926-860X00aRegio- and stereoselective synthesis of beta-amino alcohols over titanosilicate molecular sieves0 aRegio and stereoselective synthesis of betaamino alcohols over t  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcOCT  a145-1510 v3303 a<p>A novel application of titanosilicate molecular sieves in the synthesis of P-amino alcohols via aminolysis of epoxides, at mild and solvent-free conditions, is reported, for the first time. A range of beta-amino alcohols with nearly 100% regio- and stereoselectivity was produced over these reusable solid catalysts in high yields. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aAminolysis of epoxides10asynthesis of beta-amino alcohols10aTi-MCM-4110atitanosilicate molecular sieves1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, K.1 aSaikia, Lakshi1 aSrinivas, Darbha1 aRatnasamy, P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/regio-and-stereoselective-synthesis-beta-amino-alcohols-over-titanosilicate-molecular-001655nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260007100220300001400291490000700305520098800312100002801300700001701328700002001345856012001365       2009                        eng d  a0887-062400aEstimation of free fatty acid content in oils, fats, and biodiesel by (1)H NMR spectroscopy0 aEstimation of free fatty acid content in oils fats and biodiesel  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcMAR  a2273-22770 v233 a<p>A novel (1)H NMR method for the quantification of free fatty acid (FFA) content in vegetable oils, animal fats, and biodiesel is reported. Nonedible oils and animal fats, which are increasingly being explored as cheaper, renewable feed stocks for biodiesel production by transesterification with methanol, contain a significant amount of FFA along with other acidic impurities. The (1)H NMR spectroscopic method is found to be more accurate than the conventional titrimetric analysis for the estimation of FFA content especially in those cases where acidic entities other than the FFA are also present in the feedstock. The titrimetric methods provide a gross acid value which corresponds to that of FFA and other acidic impurities. Our NMR method provides the FFA content exclusively. In the case of refined edible oils (wherein the other acidic impurities are negligible), the results obtained from the (1)H NMR method are comparable with those from the titrimetic analysis.</p>1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, K.1 aSrinivas, D.1 aRatnasamy, Paul  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/estimation-free-fatty-acid-content-oils-fats-and-biodiesel-1h-nmr-spectroscopy-001673nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260007100222300001400293490000700307520099800314100002801312700002101340700002001361856012201381       2010                        eng d  a0887-062400aInfluence of surface hydrophobicity on the esterification of fatty acids over solid catalysts0 aInfluence of surface hydrophobicity on the esterification of fat  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcMAR  a2154-21610 v243 a<p>The relative roles of surface acidity and hydrophobicity in the methylation of fatty acids (C(8) - C(18)) to the corresponding methyl esters were investigated over three solid acid catalysts: Fe-Zn double-metal cyanide (DMC), sulfated zirconia (SZ), and Al-MCM-41. The esterification reaction was faster and the apparent activation energy was lower over SZ and Al-MCM-41 than on DMC because of their higher acid strength, specific surface area, and pore diameter. Over SZ and Al-MCM-41, the apparent activation energy for esterification increased with the chain length of the fatty acid. A reverse trend, however, was observed over DMC. The relative adsorption of methanol and fatty acids (compared to water) was higher on DMC than on SZ and Al-MCM-41. Hence, in addition to the acidic and textural properties, surface hydrophobicity and relative surface coverage by reactants/products also play an important role in reactions of long-chain fatty acids with alcohols on solid catalysts.</p>1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, K.1 aSrinivas, Darbha1 aRatnasamy, Paul  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-surface-hydrophobicity-esterification-fatty-acids-over-solid-catalysts-002012nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245010700055210006900162260007500231300001200306490000700318520115700325653001401482653002501496653001901521653001501540653002501555653002401580100002101604700002801625856012901653       2011                        eng d  a1571-101300aBiodiesel production from vegetable oils and animal fat over solid acid double-metal cyanide catalysts0 aBiodiesel production from vegetable oils and animal fat over sol  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERScSEP  a145-1600 v153 a<p>Biodiesel comprises of fatty acid alkyl esters prepared from vegetable oils or animal fat by esterification/transesterification with short-chain alcohols (methanol or ethanol, for example). It is a biodegradable renewable fuel. Its production is growing exponentially due to greater concerns about environmental protection and depletion of fossil fuel resources. Further, its production from non-edible oils and animal fat is more desirable than from edible oils due to lower cost of non-edible feedstocks and elimination of food verses fuel issues. Solid acid catalysts are ideal for conversion of such low-grade oils to biodiesel. Biodiesel from non-edible oils can be produced by two methods: (1) simultaneous esterification of fatty acids and transesterification of fatty acid glycerides and (2) hydrolysis of glycerides followed by esterification. This account reports the catalytic performance of solid, Fe-Zn double-metal cyanide (DMC) complexes and other acid catalysts in these transformations for biodiesel production. The factors influencing the catalytic performance of the solid acid catalysts in biodiesel production are discussed.</p>10aBiodiesel10aDouble-metal cyanide10aEsterification10aHydrolysis10asolid acid catalysts10atransesterification1 aSrinivas, Darbha1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biodiesel-production-vegetable-oils-and-animal-fat-over-solid-acid-double-metal-cyanide-001490nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245013800055210006900193260007100262300001400333490000700347520079800354100002801152700002101180856013101201       2011                        eng d  a0887-062400aFourier transform infrared spectroscopic method for monitoring hydroprocessing of vegetable oils to produce hydrocarbon-based biofuel0 aFourier transform infrared spectroscopic method for monitoring h  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJUL  a3318-33220 v253 a<p>A novel Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic method is reported, for the first time, to estimate the conversion of vegetable oil (soybean oil, for example) to hydrocarbon-based biofuel via hydroprocessing. The infrared peak attributed to the carboxyl group (O-C=O) is used as a marker to determine the conversion of fatty acid glycerides in soybean oil to hydrocarbons. Unlike the conventional gas chromatographic method, this new method of estimation is fast and requires no derivatization of the sample and predetermination of response factors of each chemical component in vegetable oil/product samples. H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques are also reported to substantiate and confirm the purity and product formation in the hydroprocessing reaction.</p>1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, K.1 aSrinivas, Darbha  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/fourier-transform-infrared-spectroscopic-method-monitoring-hydroprocessing-vegetable-oils-001585nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260011000241300001400351490000700365520056300372653001400935653001800949653001400967653002400981653001801005653001401023653002501037653002401062653001901086653000901105100001401114700002801128700001701156856012201173       2011                        eng d  a0376-471000aLanthanum and zinc incorporated hydrotalcites as solid base catalysts for biodiesel and biolubricants production0 aLanthanum and zinc incorporated hydrotalcites as solid base cata  aDR K S KRISHNAN MARG, PUSA CAMPUS, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIAbNATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIRcAUG  a1017-10250 v503 a<p>Mg-Al hydrotalcites doped with varying amounts of lanthanum and zinc ions (10 30 mol %) have been prepared by co-precipitation method and used, after calcination at 873 K, as solid base catalysts for transesterification of soybean oil with methanol (producing biodiesel) and n-octanol (producing biolubricants). The catalyst with 20 mol % of lanthanum shows the highest transesterification activity (soybean oil conversion = 100 % and biodiesel yield = 95 %) at 423 K in 4 h. Catalytic activity varies in proportion with the basicity of the catalysts.</p>10aBiodiesel10aBiolubricants10acatalysis10aDoped hydrotalcites10aHydrotalcites10aLanthanum10aSolid base catalysts10atransesterification10aVegetable oils10azinc1 aRahul, R.1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, K.1 aSrinivas, D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/lanthanum-and-zinc-incorporated-hydrotalcites-solid-base-catalysts-biodiesel-and-001865nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260007300221300001200294490000800306520098500314653004401299653001401343653001601357653001601373653002501389653001501414653001801429100002801447700001701475856013101492       2011                        eng d  a0926-860X00aSelective epoxidation of methyl soyate over alumina-supported group VI metal oxide catalysts0 aSelective epoxidation of methyl soyate over aluminasupported gro  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJUL  a189-1980 v4013 a<p>Epoxidation of methyl soyate (biodiesel), soybean oil and oleic acid with tert.-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was investigated over gamma-alumina-supported group VI metal oxides (CrOx/Al2O3, MoOx/Al2O3 and WOx/Al2O3) prepared by impregnation method. The studies revealed that 15 wt% MoOx on gamma-Al2O3 was the most active catalyst (conversion &gt;90 mol% under optimized conditions). While MoOx/Al2O3 is selective mainly for epoxidation, the other catalysts are active for epoxidation as well as for decomposition of TBHP. The active species on the catalyst surface were investigated using in situ UV-visible spectroscopy. A linear correlation was observed between epoxidation activity and surface acidity of the catalyst. A new H-1 NMR method was developed to monitor the progress of epoxidation reaction which was found to be superior to gas chromatographic method in estimating the conversion of double bonds of fatty compounds. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aAlumina-supported group VI metal oxides10aBiodiesel10aepoxidation10aFatty acids10aH-1 NMR spectroscopy10aMoOx/Al2O310aVegetable oil1 aSatyarthi, Jitendra, K.1 aSrinivas, D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/selective-epoxidation-methyl-soyate-over-alumina-supported-group-vi-metal-oxide-catalysts-0