01684nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245016300055210006900218260010600287300001400393490000700407520057500414653002400989653003101013653002801044653003101072653002101103100002101124700002001145700001901165700001801184700002301202700002601225700002601251856012901277 2007 eng d a0968-089600aSynthesis and evaluation of antifungal properties of a series of the novel 2-amino-5-oxo-4-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile and its analogues0 aSynthesis and evaluation of antifungal properties of a series of aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcNOV a6705-67150 v153 a

A series of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile and various analogues have been synthesized in excellent isolated yields starting from various arylidenemalononitrile and 3-amino-2-cyclohexen-1-one in 1-propanol as solvent at reflux temperature in the absence of any added catalyst. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity. The relationship between functional group variation and biological activity of the evaluated compounds is discussed in the article. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aAntifungal activity10aantiproliferative activity10aarylidenemalononitriles10aarylquinoline carbonitrile10aMichael addition1 aGholap, Atul, R.1 aToti, Kiran, S.1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aKumari, Ratna1 aBhat, Manoj, Kumar1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aSrinivasan, Kumar, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-evaluation-antifungal-properties-series-novel-2-amino-5-oxo-4-phenyl-5678-002410nas a2200337 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260009200240300001200332490000700344520123200351653002701583653002301610653001401633653001601647653002501663653001101688653002701699653001301726100002801739700002201767700002101789700002001810700002401830700002301854700002201877700002001899700002601919856012701945 2008 eng d a0958-315700aComparison of Metarhizium isolates for biocontrol of helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) in chickpea0 aComparison of Metarhizium isolates for biocontrol of helicoverpa a4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLANDbTAYLOR & FRANCIS LTDcFEB a809-8280 v183 a

Metarhizium isolates from soil (53) and insect hosts (10) were evaluated for extracellular production of cuticle degrading enzyme (CDE) activities such as chitinase, chitin deacetylase (CDA), chitosanase, protease and lipase. Regression analysis demonstrated the relation of CDE activities with Helicoverpa armigera mortality. On basis of this relation, ten isolates were selected for further evaluation. Subsequently, based on LT(50) of the 10 isolates towards H. armigera, five isolates were selected. Out of these five isolates, three were selected on the basis of higher conidia production (60-75 g/kg rice), faster sedimentation time (ST(50)) (2.3-2.65 h in 0.1% (w/v) Tween 80) and lower LC(50) (1.4- 5.7 x 10(3) conidia/mL) against H. armigera. Finally, three Metarhizium isolates were selected for the molecular fingerprinting using ITS sequencing and RAPD patterning. All three isolates, M34412, M34311 and M81123, showed comparable RAPD patterns with a 935G primer. These were further evaluated for their field performance against H. armigera in a chickpea crop. The percent efficacies with the three Metarhizium isolates were from 65 to 72%, which was comparable to the chemical insecticide, endosulfan (74%).

10aappressorium formation10achitin deacetylase10achitinase10achitosanase10aHelicoverpa armigera10aLipase10aMetarhizium anisopliae10aProtease1 aKulkarni, Shuklangi, A.1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aKulkarni, Girish1 aKapoor, Manisha1 aChavan, Santosh, B.1 aRajendran, Armugam1 aPatil, Sanjay, K.1 aShouche, Yogesh1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/comparison-metarhizium-isolates-biocontrol-helicoverpa-armigera-lepidoptera-noctuidae-000445nas a2200133 4500008004100000022001400041245004400055210003800099260005700137300000800194490000700202100002600209856007600235 2008 eng d a0046-899100aDr. Y. S. Kulkarni (1910-2008) Obituary0 aDr Y S Kulkarni 19102008 Obituary a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcSEP a4080 v481 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/dr-y-s-kulkarni-1910-2008-obituary-002914nas a2200337 4500008004100000022001400041245014400055210006900199260009200268300001200360490000700372520169100379653002702070653002302097653001402120653002502134653002702159653001102186653002702197653001302224100002302237700002802260700002202288700002402310700002102334700002402355700002102379700002002400700002602420856013002446 2008 eng d a0958-315700aEffect of repeated in vitro sub-culturing on the virulence of metarhizium anisopliae against helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)0 aEffect of repeated in vitro subculturing on the virulence of met a4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLANDbTAYLOR & FRANCIS LTDcMAY a337-3550 v183 a

The effect of repeated conidial sub-culturing of Metarhizium anisopliae on its virulence against Helicoverpa armigera (Hbner) was studied. The LT(50) observed against third instar larvae of H. armigera for the first sub-culture was 3.4 days; it increased to 4.5 and 5.6 days for the 20th and the 40th sub-cultures, respectively. The LT50 values after passage of the 40th sub-culture on H. armigera decreased to 4.4 and 3.7 days for the 40th (first in vivo) and the 40th (fifth in vivo) passages, respectively. Similarly, the LC(50) of M. anisopliae towards third instar larvae of H. armigera increased from the first sub-culture (0.17x10(4)) to (3.0x10(4)) for the 40th conidial transfers on potato dextrose agar and again decreased to 0.74x10(4) and 0.23x10(4) in the 40th (first in vivo) and the 40th (fifth in vivo) passage, respectively. Similar trends for LC(50) and LT(50) values were seen when sugarcane woolly aphid, Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner was used as a host. Significant variation in appressorium formation and cuticle-degrading enzyme production such as chitinase, chitin deacetylase, chitosanase and protease during subsequent sub-culturing and passage through H. armigera was observed. Though there was no effect on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence pattern, interestingly, in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), significant differences in the band intensities and in the banding pattern for different sub-cultures of M. anisopliae were observed. As stable virulence towards the insect pest is desirable for commercialisation of a mycoinsecticide, such changes in virulence due to repeated in vitro transfer need to be monitored and minimised.

10aappressorium formation10achitin deacetylase10achitinase10aHelicoverpa armigera10ain vitro sub-culturing10aLipase10aMetarhizium anisopliae10aProtease1 aNahar, Pallavi, B.1 aKulkarni, Shuklangi, A.1 aKulye, Mahesh, S.1 aChavan, Santosh, B.1 aKulkarni, Girish1 aRajendran, Armugham1 aYadav, Priya, D.1 aShouche, Yogesh1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-repeated-vitro-sub-culturing-virulence-metarhizium-anisopliae-against-helicoverpa-001714nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260010600288300001600394490000700410520067400417653002601091653002401117653001701141653001401158653001601172653002001188100002101208700002001229700001901249700002601268700002601294856012801320 2008 eng d a0040-402000aEfficient synthesis of antifungal pyrimidines via palladium catalyzed Suzuki/Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction from Biginelli 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones0 aEfficient synthesis of antifungal pyrimidines via palladium cata aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcOCT a10214-102230 v643 a

An efficient regioselective approach to the synthesis of tetrasubstituted pyrimidines was developed by sequential functionalization of easily available Biginelli 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-ones via dehydrogenation, chlorination followed by palladium catalyzed C-C Suzuki/Sonogashira coupling reaction. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Benjaminiella poitrasii, Yarrowia lipolytica, and Fusarium oxysporum, and antibacterial activities against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aAntifungal activities10aBiginelli compounds10achlorination10aOxidation10aPyrimidines10aSuzuki coupling1 aGholap, Atul, R.1 aToti, Kiran, S.1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aSrinivasan, Kumar, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/efficient-synthesis-antifungal-pyrimidines-palladium-catalyzed-suzukisonogashira-cross-001337nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260010600221300001400327490000700341520051900348100002500867700002100892700002200913700001900935700002400954700002600978856012701004 2008 eng d a0960-894X00aSynthesis and antimicrobial activity of beta-lactam-bile acid conjugates linked via triazole0 aSynthesis and antimicrobial activity of betalactambile acid conj aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcMAR a2043-20470 v183 a

Synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole-linked beta-lactam-bile acid conjugates 17-24 using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azido beta-lactam and terminal alkyne of bile acids in the presence of Cu( I) catalyst ( click chemistry) have been realized. These molecules were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial activities. Most of the compounds exhibited significant antifungal and moderate antibacterial activity against all the tested strains. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

1 aVatmurge, Namdev, S.1 aHazra, Braja, G.1 aPore, Vandana, S.1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aChavan, Pradnya, S.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-antimicrobial-activity-beta-lactam-bile-acid-conjugates-linked-triazole-001609nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245010700055210006900162260011000231300001400341490000600355520070600361100002501067700002101092700002201113700001901135700002601154700002301180700002501203700002401228856012701252 2008 eng d a1477-052000aSynthesis and biological evaluation of bile acid dimers linked with 1,2,3-triazole and bis-beta-lactam0 aSynthesis and biological evaluation of bile acid dimers linked w aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcOCT a3823-38300 v63 a

We report herein the synthesis and biological evaluation of bile acid dimers 11-18 linked through 1,2,3-triazole and bis-beta-lactam. The dimers 11-18 were synthesized using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of diazido bis-beta-lactams 3, 4 and terminal alkynes 7-10 derived from cholic acid/deoxycholic acid in the presence of Cu(I) catalyst (click chemistry). These novel molecules were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial activity. Most of the compounds exhibited significant antifungal as well as antibacterial activity against all the tested fungal and bacterial strains. Moreover, their in vitro cytotoxicities towards HEK-293 and MCF-7 cells were also established.

1 aVatmurge, Namdev, S.1 aHazra, Braja, G.1 aPore, Vandana, S.1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aKadreppa, Sreenath1 aChattopadhyay, Samit1 aGonnade, Rajesh, G. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-biological-evaluation-bile-acid-dimers-linked-123-triazole-and-bis-beta-002034nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245010000055210006900155260010600224300001400330490000700344520092600351653002701277653001601304653001701320653001401337653001701351100002401368700002401392700002101416700002201437700002101459700002101480700001901501700002601520700002301546700002501569856012601594 2008 eng d a0960-894X00aSynthesis of chimeric tetrapeptide-linked cholic acid derivatives: impending synergistic agents0 aSynthesis of chimeric tetrapeptidelinked cholic acid derivatives aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcOCT a5512-55170 v183 a

Tetrapeptides derived from glycine and beta-alanine were hooked at the C-3 beta position of the modified cholic acid to realize novel linear tetrapeptide-linked cholic acid derivatives. All the synthesized compounds were tested against a wide variety of microorganisms (Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi) and their cytotoxicity was evaluated against human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. While relatively inactive by themselves, these compounds interact synergistically with antibiotics such as fluconazole and erythromycin to inhibit growth of fungi and bacteria, respectively, at 1-24 mu g/mL. The synergistic effect shown by our novel compounds is due to their inherent amphiphilicity. The fractional inhibitory concentrations reported are comparable to those reported for Polymyxin B derivatives. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aAntimicrobial activity10aCholic acid10aCytotoxicity10aSynergism10aTetrapeptide1 aBavikar, Sudhir, N.1 aSalunke, Deepak, B.1 aHazra, Braja, G.1 aPore, Vandana, S.1 aDodd, Robert, H.1 aThierry, Josiane1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aKadreppa, Sreenath1 aChattopadhyay, Samit uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-chimeric-tetrapeptide-linked-cholic-acid-derivatives-impending-synergistic-000864nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245015700055210006900212260007300281300001200354490000700366100002600373700002800399700002200427700002000449700002400469700002000493700002000513856012500533 2009 eng d a1871-678400aDevelopment of mycoinsecticide for the control of insect pests: comparative evaluation of metarhizium isolates to identify strains for commercialization0 aDevelopment of mycoinsecticide for the control of insect pests c aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcSEP aS88-S890 v251 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aKulkarni, Shuklangi, A.1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aKapoor, Manisha1 aChavan, Santosh, B.1 aKulkarni, Grish1 aShouche, Yogesh uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/development-mycoinsecticide-control-insect-pests-comparative-evaluation-metarhizium-002379nas a2200385 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260010600230300001400336490000700350520105700357653000601414653000601420653002801426653001501454653002201469653002101491653002501512653002901537653001901566653002401585100002601609700002401635700001901659700002201678700001901700700002701719700002401746700002401770700002101794700002601815700002601841856012601867 2009 eng d a0968-089600aExploration of click reaction for the synthesis of modified nucleosides as chitin synthase inhibitors0 aExploration of click reaction for the synthesis of modified nucl aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcMAR a2433-24400 v173 a

Click reaction approach toward the synthesis of two sets of novel 1,2,3-triazolyl linked uridine derivatives 19a-19g and 21a-21g was achieved by Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 5'-azido-5'-deoxy-2',3'-O-(1-methylethylidene) uridine (17) with propargylated ether of phenols 18a-18g and propargylated esters 20a-20g. Structure of one of the representative compound 19d was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Chitin synthase inhibition study of all these compounds 19a-19g and 21a-21g was carried out to develop antifungal strategy. Compounds 19d, 19e, 19f, and 21f were identified as potent chitin synthase inhibitors by comparing with nikkomycin. Compounds 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 21a, and 21b showed good antifungal activity against human and plant pathogens. Compounds 19a, 19b, 19f, 21c, 21f, and 21g were identified as lead chitin synthase inhibitors for further modi. cations by comparing results of inhibition of growth, % germ tube formation and chitin synthase activity. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10a110a210a3-dipolar cycloaddition10a3-Triazole10a4-Disubstituted-110a5 `-Azidouridine10aAntifungal compounds10aChitin synthase activity10aClick reaction10aUridine nucleosides1 aChaudhary, Preeti, M.1 aChavan, Sayalee, R.1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aRazdan, Meenakshi1 aNimkar, Prachi1 aMaybhate, Shailaja, P.1 aLikhite, Anjali, P.1 aGonnade, Rajesh, G.1 aHazra, Braja, G.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aDeshpande, Sunita, R. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/exploration-click-reaction-synthesis-modified-nucleosides-chitin-synthase-inhibitors-002411nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245008700055210006900142260009000211300001200301490000700313520145800320653002201778653001901800653001801819653001601837100002001853700001701873700002101890700001901911700002201930700002401952700002001976700002601996856011102022 2009 eng d a0740-002000aNatural yeast flora of different varieties of grapes used for wine making in India0 aNatural yeast flora of different varieties of grapes used for wi a24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLANDbACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcDEC a801-8080 v263 a

The natural Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeast flora present on the grape berries significantly affect wine production. Six grape varieties, Bangalore blue, Zinfandel, Cabernet, Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc and Shiraz are being used in India for wine making. The yeast diversity was studied on the basis of morphological, colony, physiological characteristics and 5.8S-ITS sequencing of rDNA of the isolates. Eleven different species belonging to seven genera were identified as: Candida azyma, Candida quercitrusa, Debaryomyces hansenii, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Hanseniaspora viniae, Hanseniaspora uvarum. Issatchenkia orientalis, Issatchenkia terricola, Pichia membranifaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zygoascus steatolyticus. H. guilliermondii was the predominant species while S. cerevisiae was observed occasionally in the six vine varieties. For the first time, C. azyma was isolated from Bangalore blue and Cabernet varieties grown in different localities. This association may be attributed to the change in cropping pattern from sugarcane to viticulture in the vine growing regions and the known association of C. azyma with sugarcane phylloplane. Further analysis of the indigenous strains and the qualitative and quantitative changes in the flora during fermentation will be useful to understand wine quality and to design preservation strategies to control wine spoilage. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10a5.8S-ITS sequence10aIdentification10aPhysiological10aWine yeasts1 aChavan, Pradnya1 aMane, Sarika1 aKulkarni, Girish1 aShaikh, Shamim1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aNerkar, Devidas, P.1 aShouche, Yogesh1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/natural-yeast-flora-different-varieties-grapes-used-wine-making-india-002016nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260009900240300001400339490000800353520100300361653002801364653001501392653001701407653003201424100001801456700002201474700001401496700001701510700001601527700002101543700002101564700002601585856012701611 2010 eng d a0960-852400aFlocculation of dimorphic yeast benjaminiella poitrasii is altered by modulation of NAD-glutamate dehydrogenase0 aFlocculation of dimorphic yeast benjaminiella poitrasii is alter aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcFEB a1393-13950 v1013 a

A strategy to control flocculation is investigated using dimorphic yeast, Benjaminiella poitrasii as a model. Parent form of this yeast (Y) exhibited faster flocculation (11.1 min) than the monomorphic yeast form mutant Y-5 (12.6 min). Atomic force microscopy revealed higher surface roughness of Y (439.34 rms) than Y-5 (52 rms). Also, the former had a zeta potential of -65.97 +/- 3.45 as against -50.21 +/- 2.49 for the latter. Flocculation of both Y and Y-5 could be altered by supplementing either substrates or inhibitor of NAD-glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD-GDH) in the growth media. The rate of flocculation was promoted by alpha-ketoglutarate or isophthalic acid and decelerated by glutamate with a statistically significant inverse correlation to corresponding NAD-GDH levels. These interesting findings open up new possibilities of using NAD-GDH modulating agents to control flocculation in fermentations for easier downstream processing. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aBenjaminiella poitrasii10adimorphism10aflocculation10aNAD-glutamate dehydrogenase1 aJoshi, C., V.1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aKunde, P.1 aKulkarni, P.1 aMamgain, H.1 aBhat, Suresh, K.1 aPaknikar, K., M.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/flocculation-dimorphic-yeast-benjaminiella-poitrasii-altered-modulation-nad-glutamate-002567nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245015400055210006900209260007900278300001400357490000700371520150300378653002401881653002101905653001401926653000801940100002701948700001901975700001901994700001702013700002202030700001802052700002602070700002902096700002102125856013102146 2011 eng d a0196-978100aAntifungal activity of novel synthetic peptides by accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of cell wall against Candida albicans0 aAntifungal activity of novel synthetic peptides by accumulation  a360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USAbELSEVIER SCIENCE INCcAUG a1732-17400 v323 a

In the present work, we investigated the antifungal activity of two de novo designed, antimicrobial peptides VS2 and VS3, incorporating unnatural amino acid alpha,beta-dehydrophenylalanine (Delta Phe). We observed that the low-hemolytic peptides could irreversibly inhibit the growth of various Candida species and multidrug resistance strains at MIC(80) values ranging from 15.62 mu M to 250 mu M. Synergy experiments showed that MIC(80) of the peptides was drastically reduced in combination with an antifungal drug fluconazole. The dye PI uptake assay was used to demonstrate peptide induced cell membrane permeabilization. Intracellular localization of the FITC-labeled peptides in Candida albicans was studied by confocal microscopy and FACS. Killing kinetics, PI uptake assay, and the intracellular presence of FITC-peptides suggested that growth inhibition is not solely a consequence of increased membrane permeabilization. We showed that entry of the peptide in Candida cells resulted in accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cell necrosis. Morphological alteration in Candida cells caused by the peptides was visualized by electron microscopy. We propose that de novo designed VS2 and VS3 peptides have multiple detrimental effects on target fungi, which ultimately result in cell wall disruption and killing. Therefore, these peptides represent a good template for further design and development as antifungal agents. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

10aAntifungal peptides10aCandida albicans10aCell wall10aROS1 aMaurya, Indresh, Kumar1 aPathak, Sarika1 aSharma, Monika1 aSanwal, Hina1 aChaudhary, Preeti1 aTupe, Santosh1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aChauhan, Virander, Singh1 aPrasad, Rajendra uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/antifungal-activity-novel-synthetic-peptides-accumulation-reactive-oxygen-species-ros-and-002152nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260010600207300001200313490000700325520117200332653001801504653001801522653002401540653001501564653002101579653001801600653001601618653001301634653001501647653001301662100002201675700002601697700002601723856011301749 2011 eng d a0734-975000aPerspectives for nano-biotechnology enabled protection and nutrition of plants0 aPerspectives for nanobiotechnology enabled protection and nutrit aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcNOV a792-8030 v293 a

Indiscriminate use of pesticides and fertilizers causes environmental pollution, emergence of agricultural pests and pathogens, and loss of biodiversity. Nanotechnology, by virtue of nanomaterial related properties, has potential agro-biotechnological applications for alleviation of these problems. The literature pertaining to the role of nanotechnology in plant and soil systems demonstrates that nanomaterials may assist in a) the controlled release of agrochemicals for nutrition and protection against pests and pathogens, b) delivery of genetic material, c) sensitive detection of plant disease and pollutants and d) protection and formation of soil structure. For instance, porous silica (15 nm) and biodegradable, polymeric chitosan (78 nm) nanoparticles displayed slow release of encapsulated pesticide and fertilizer, respectively. Further, nanosized gold (5-25 nm) delivered DNA to plant cells while iron oxide (30 nm) based nanosensors detected pesticides at minute levels. These functions assist the development of precision farming by minimizing pollution and maximizing the value of farming practice. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

10aBiofertilizer10aBiopesticides10aControlled delivery10aFertilizer10aGenetic material10aNanomaterials10aNanosensors10aPathogen10aPesticides10aResidues1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aPaknikar, Kishore, M. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/perspectives-nano-biotechnology-enabled-protection-and-nutrition-plants-001503nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245012700055210006900182260010300251300001400354490000700368520047800375653002700853653002400880653002200904653002300926653002200949100002600971700002200997700002401019700002201043700001901065700002601084856012701110 2011 eng d a0223-523400aStereoselective synthesis and antimicrobial activity of steroidal C-20 tertiary alcohols with thiazole/pyridine side chain0 aStereoselective synthesis and antimicrobial activity of steroida a23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCEbELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIERcSEP a3681-36890 v463 a

Stereoselective synthesis of novel steroidal C-20 tertiary alcohols with thiazole and pyridine side chain using Grignard reaction of steroidal ketones and thiazole/pyridine magnesium bromide have been realized. These molecules were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial activities. Most of the compounds exhibited significant antifungal and antibacterial activity against all the tested strains. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

10aantibacterial activity10aAntifungal activity10aGrignard reaction10aSteroid side chain10aSteroidal ketones1 aShingate, Bapurao, B.1 aLiazra, Braja, G.1 aSalunke, Deepak, B.1 aPore, Vandana, S.1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/stereoselective-synthesis-and-antimicrobial-activity-steroidal-c-20-tertiary-alcohols-002552nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245018000055210006900235260007400304300001000378490000800388520141500396653002101811653002801832653004001860653002101900653003201921653002401953653003801977100001802015700001902033700002002052700001702072700002102089700002602110856012602136 2013 eng d a0003-607200aBiochemical correlate of dimorphism in a zygomycete benjaminiella poitrasii: characterization of purified NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase, a target for antifungal agents0 aBiochemical correlate of dimorphism in a zygomycete benjaminiell aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcJUL a25-360 v1043 a

The fungal organisms, especially pathogens, change their vegetative (Y, unicellular yeast and H, hypha) morphology reversibly for survival and proliferation in the host environment. NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD-GDH, EC 1.4.1.2) from a non-pathogenic dimorphic zygomycete Benjaminiella poitrasii was previously reported to be an important biochemical correlate of the transition process. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity and characterized. It is a 371 kDa native molecular weight protein made up of four identical subunits. Kinetic studies showed that unlike other NAD-GDHs, it may act as an anabolic enzyme and has more affinity towards 2-oxoglutarate than l-glutamate. Chemical modifications revealed the involvement of single histidine and lysine residues in the catalytic activity of the enzyme. The phosphorylation and dephosphorylation study showed that the NAD-GDH is present in active phosphorylated form in hyphal cells of B. poitrasii. Two of the 1,2,3 triazole linked beta-lactam-bile acid conjugates synthesized in the laboratory (B18, B20) were found to be potent inhibitors of purified NAD-GDH which also significantly affected Y-H transition in B. poitrasii. Furthermore, the compound B20 inhibited germ tube formation during Y-H transition in Candida albicans strains and Yarrowia lipolytica. The possible use of NAD-GDH as a target for antifungal agents is discussed.

10aAntifungal agent10aBenjaminiella poitrasii10aBiochemical correlate of dimorphism10aCandida albicans10aNAD-GDH activity regulation10aYarrowia lipolytica10aYeast-hypha reversible transition1 aJoshi, C., V.1 aPathan, E., K.1 aPunekar, N., S.1 aTupe, S., G.1 aKapadnis, B., P.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biochemical-correlate-dimorphism-zygomycete-benjaminiella-poitrasii-characterization-001665nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245005200055210005200107260011100159300001200270490000700282520083700289653002201126653002001148653003101168653001501199653003601214653001301250100002601263700002201289700002601311856008601337 2013 eng d a1389-557500aChitin synthase inhibitors as antifungal agents0 aChitin synthase inhibitors as antifungal agents aEXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATESbBENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTDcFEB a222-2360 v133 a

Increased risk of fungal diseases in immunocompromised patients, emerging fungal pathogens, limited repertoire of antifungal drugs and resistance development against the drugs demands for development of new and effective antifungal agents. With greater knowledge of fungal metabolism efforts are being made to inhibit specific enzymes involved in different biochemical pathways for the development of antifungal drugs. Chitin synthase is one such promising target as it is absent in plants and mammals. Nikkomycin Z, a chitin synthase inhibitor is under clinical development. Chitin synthesis in fungi, chitin synthase as a target for antifungal agent development, different chitin synthase inhibitors isolated from natural sources, randomly synthesized and modified from nikkomycin and polyoxin are discussed in this review.

10aAntifungal agents10aChitin synthase10aChitin synthase inhibitors10aNikkomycin10aPeptidyl nucleoside antibiotics10aPolyoxin1 aChaudhary, Preeti, M.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/chitin-synthase-inhibitors-antifungal-agents-002014nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245007600055210006900131260006700200300001200267490000700279520124500286653002301531653001401554653001601568653003301584653003301617100001901650700002601669856010101695 2013 eng d a8756-793800aChitinolytic enzymes: an appraisal as a product of commercial potential0 aChitinolytic enzymes an appraisal as a product of commercial pot a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcJUL a833-8460 v293 a

Chitin, its deacetylated form, chitosan and chitinolytic enzymes viz. endo-chitinase, N-acetylglucosaminidase, chitosanase, chitin deacetylase (CDA) are gaining importance for their biotechnological applications. Presently, chitin degrading enzymes constitute high-cost low-volume products in human health care and associated research. Indeed chitinases and CDA-chitosanase complex possesss tremendous potential in agriculture to control plant pathogenic fungi and insects. The success in exploring chitinases especially for agriculture, i.e. as a high-volume low-cost product, depends on the availability of highly active preparations with a reasonable cost. Therefore, a reconsideration in terms of understanding the roles of chitinolytic enzymes in applications, e.g. host-pathogen interaction for biocontrol, different mechanisms of chitin degradation, and identification of new enzymes with varying specificities, may make them more useful in a variety of commercial processes in the near future. The possible issues and challenges encountered in the translation of proof of concept into a commercial product will be appraised in this review. (c) 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 29:833-846, 2013

10achitin deacetylase10achitinase10achitosanase10ahigh-cost low-volume product10ahigh-volume low-cost product1 aChavan, S., B.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/chitinolytic-enzymes-appraisal-product-commercial-potential-002917nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260007300207300001400280490000900294520181400303653002302117653003202140653001402172653002102186653003402207100002702241700002802268700002002296700002502316700002202341700002402363700002602387700002602413700002102439700002902460856011402489 2013 eng d a0304-416500aMechanism of action of novel synthetic dodecapeptides against Candida albicans0 aMechanism of action of novel synthetic dodecapeptides against Ca aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcNOV a5193-52030 v18303 a

Background: Three de novo designed low molecular weight cationic peptides (IJ2, IJ3 and IJ4) containing an unnatural amino acid alpha,beta-didehydrophenylalanine (APhe) exhibited potent antifungal activity against fluconazole (FLC) sensitive and resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans as well as non-albi cans and other yeast and filamentous pathogenic fungi. In the present study, their synthesis, susceptibility of different fungi and the mechanism of anti-candidal action have been elucidated. Methods: The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were synthesized by solid-phase method and checked for antifungal activity against different yeasts and fungi by broth microdilution method. Anti-candidal mode of action of the peptides was investigated through detecting membrane permeabilization by confocal microscopy, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation by fluorometry, apoptosis and necrosis by flow cytometry and cell wall damage using Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Results and conclusions: The MIC of the peptides against C. albicans and other yeast and filamentous fungal pathogens ranged between 3.91 and 250 mu M. All three peptides exhibited effect on multiple targets in C. albi cans including disruption of cell wall structures, compromised cell membrane permeability leading to their enhanced entry into the cells, accumulation of ROS and induction of apoptosis. The peptides also showed synergistic effect when used in combination with fluconazole (FLC) and caspofungin (CAS) against C. albi cans. General significance: The study suggests that the AMPs alone or in combination with conventional antifungals hold promise for the control of fungal pathogens, and need to be further explored for treatment of fungal infections. (C) 2013 Elsevier By. All rights reserved.

10aAntifungal peptide10aAntimicrobial peptide (AMP)10aApoptosis10aCandida albicans10aReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)1 aMaurya, Indresh, Kumar1 aThota, Chaitanya, Kumar1 aSharma, Jyotsna1 aTupe, Santosh, Genba1 aChaudhary, Preeti1 aSingh, Manoj, Kumar1 aThakur, Indu, Shekhar1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aPrasad, Rajendra1 aChauhan, Virander, Singh uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/mechanism-action-novel-synthetic-dodecapeptides-against-candida-albicans-001309nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245007700055210006900132260010600201300001600307490000700323520035200330653002200682653002700704653002400731653002000755653002400775100002600799700002100825700002400846700002200870700001900892700002600911856010600937 2013 eng d a0040-402000aSynthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel oxysterols from lanosterol0 aSynthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel oxysterols from la aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcDEC a11155-111630 v693 a

Chemically diverse oxysterols and their synthetic manipulations were carried out from variety of Delta(8(9)_) lanosterol derivatives and evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities. Most of the synthesized oxysterols exhibited significant antifungal activity against the tested strains. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aAllylic oxidation10aantibacterial activity10aAntifungal activity10aDihydroxylation10aOxygenated steroids1 aShingate, Bapurao, B.1 aHazra, Braja, G.1 aSalunke, Deepak, B.1 aPore, Vandana, S.1 aShirazi, Fazal1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-antimicrobial-activity-novel-oxysterols-lanosterol-001991nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245008900055210006900144260009200213300001200305490000700317520096500324653002501289653001501314653002101329653002101350653002801371653001401399100002501413700002201438700002401460700003001484700001901514700002601533700002101559856012101580 2014 eng d a1478-641900aAntifungal dimeric chalcone derivative kamalachalcone E from Mallotus philippinensis0 aAntifungal dimeric chalcone derivative kamalachalcone E from Mal a4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLANDbTAYLOR & FRANCIS LTDcFEB a245-2500 v283 a

From the red coloured extract (Kamala) prepared through acetone extraction of the fresh whole uncrushed fruits of Mallotus philippinensis, one new dimeric chalcone (1) along with three known compounds 1-(5,7-dihydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-8-yl)-3-phenyl-2-propen -1-one (2), rottlerin (3) and 4 `-hydroxyrottlerin (4) were isolated. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR analyses that included HSQC, HMBC, COSY and ROESY experiments along with the literature comparison. Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for antifungal activity against different human pathogenic yeasts and filamentous fungi. The antiproliferative activity of the compounds was evaluated against Thp-1 cell lines. Compounds 1 and 2 both exhibited IC50 of 8, 4 and 16 mu g/mL against Cryptococcus neoformans PRL518, C. neoformans ATCC32045 and Aspergillus fumigatus, respectively. Compound 4, at 100 mu g/mL, showed 54% growth inhibition of Thp-1 cell lines.

10a4 `-hydroxyrottlerin10aantifungal10adimeric chalcone10akamalachalcone E10aMallotus philippinensis10arottlerin1 aKulkarni, Roshan, R.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aGample, Suvarna, P.1 aChandgude, Macchindra, G.1 aSarkar, Dhiman1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aJoshi, Swati, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/antifungal-dimeric-chalcone-derivative-kamalachalcone-e-mallotus-philippinensis-002384nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245007700055210006900132260005700201300001200258490000800270520154200278653002601820653002401846653003001870100002001900700002101920700002101941700002301962700002101985700002602006856011002032 2014 eng d a0302-893300aDimorphism and hydrocarbon metabolism in Yarrowia lipolytica var. indica0 aDimorphism and hydrocarbon metabolism in Yarrowia lipolytica var a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcAUG a545-5560 v1963 a

Yarrowia lipolytica is able to metabolize high Mr hydrophobic natural compounds such as fatty acids and hydrocarbons. Characteristically, strains of Y. lipolytica can grow as populations with variable proportions of yeast and filamentous forms. In the present study, we describe the dimorphic characteristics of a variant designated as Y. lipolytica var. indica isolated from petroleum contaminated sea water and the effect of cell morphology on hydrocarbon metabolism. The variant behaved as a yeast monomorphic strain, under conditions at which terrestrial Y. lipolytica strain W29 and its derived strains, grow as almost uniform populations of mycelial cells. Using organic nitrogen sources and N-acetylglucosamine as carbon source, var. indica was able to form mycelial cells, the proportion of which increased when incubated under semi-anaerobic conditions. The cell surface characteristics of var. indica and W29 were found to be different with respect to contact angle and percent hydrophobicity. For instance, percent hydrophobicity of var. indica was 89.93 +/- A 1.95 while that of W29 was 70.78 +/- A 1.1. Furthermore, while all tested strains metabolize hydrocarbons, only var. indica was able to use it as a carbon source. Yeast cells of var. indica metabolized hexadecane with higher efficiency than the mycelial form, whereas the mycelial form of the terrestrial strain metabolized the hydrocarbon more efficiently, as occurred with the mycelial monomorphic mutant AC11, compared to the yeast monomorphic mutant AC1.

10aHexadecane metabolism10aYarrowia lipolytica10aYeast-mycelium transition1 aPalande, A., S.1 aKulkarni, S., V.1 aLeon-Ramirez, C.1 aCampos-Gongora, E.1 aRuiz-Herrera, J.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/dimorphism-and-hydrocarbon-metabolism-yarrowia-lipolytica-var-indica-000457nas a2200133 4500008004100000022001400041245003000055210002600085260010200111300001200213490000800225100002600233856006400259 2015 eng d a0011-389100aC. Siva Raman (1923-2014)0 aC Siva Raman 19232014 aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScMAR a996-9960 v1081 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/c-siva-raman-1923-2014-002257nas a2200181 4500008004100000245009700041210006900138260000800207300001000215490000700225520151700232653010901749100002801858700002401886700001801910700002601928856012101954 2015 eng d00aClerodane type diterpene as a novel antifungal agent from polyalthia longifolia var. pendula0 aClerodane type diterpene as a novel antifungal agent from polyal cFEB a1–70 v943 a

Bioactivity-guided chemical examination of methanolic extract of leaves of Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula led to the isolation of the active constituent, a diterpene 1 which was identified as 16α-hydroxycleroda-3,13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide on the basis of its spectral data. Among the tested strains, diterpene 1 was found to exhibit antifungal activities having MIC90 values of 50.3, 100.6 and 201.2 μM against Candida albicans NCIM3557, Cryptococcus neoformans NCIM3542 (human pathogens) and Neurospora crassa NCIM870 (saprophyte), respectively. Initial, structure–activity-relationship (SAR) data generated by synthesizing some derivatives revealed that the double bond between C3–C4 and the free hydroxyl group at C16 are crucial for the antifungal activity of the diterpene 1. The mode of action of 1 in C. albicans is due to compromised cell membrane permeability and also probably due to disruption of cell wall structures. The red blood cell haemolysis of all the compounds (1–4) did not show any significant haemolysis and was found to be less than 15% for all the compounds when tested at highest concentration, i.e. 1200 μM. Interestingly, all the tested compounds inhibited Y–H transition in dimorphic C. albicans NCIM3557 at much lower concentration than their MIC90 values. Determination of ROS generation by diterpene 1 using DCFH-DA and DHR123 (dihydrorhodamine) staining of C. albicans NCIM3557 indicated production of intracellular ROS as a mechanism of antifungal activity.

10aDiterpene; Polyalthia longifolia; Isolation; Flash chromatography; Natural products; Antifungal activity1 aBhattacharya, Asish, K.1 aChand, Hemender, R.1 aJohn, Jyothis1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/clerodane-type-diterpene-novel-antifungal-agent-polyalthia-longifolia-var-pendula02489nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245016500055210006900220260006700289300001000356490000800366520147900374653001401853653002101867653001501888653001501903653001901918653002801937100001701965700002101982700001602003700001702019700002102036700002602057856012802083 2015 eng d a1364-507200aPossible mechanism of antifungal phenazine-1-carboxamide from pseudomonas sp against dimorphic fungi Benjaminiella poitrasii and human pathogen Candida albicans0 aPossible mechanism of antifungal phenazine1carboxamide from pseu a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcJAN a39-480 v1183 a

AimInvestigation of antifungal mechanism of phenazine 1-carboxamide (PC) produced by a Pseudomonas strain MCC2142. Methods and ResultsAn antifungal metabolite produced by a Pseudomonas was purified and identified as PC. Human pathogenic fungi such as Candida albicans, Candidaglabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger were found to be inhibited by PC (MIC90 32-64gml(-1)). Addition of PC (20gml(-1)) during yeast (Y)-hypha (H) transitions inhibited germ tube formation by >90% and >99% in C.albicans National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM) 3471 and nonpathogenic model Benjaminiella poitrasii, respectively. After exposure to PC (20gml(-1)), 75-80% yeast cells of B.poitrasii and C.albicans NCIM 3471 showed rhodamine 123 fluorescence indicating high intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. ROS further led to hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane, subsequently induction of apoptosis as evident by externalization of phosphatidylserine, DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and finally death in B.poitrasii. In C.albicans NCIM 3471, PC (20gml(-1)) induced apoptosis. ConclusionsThe antifungal effect of PC in B.poitrasii and C.albicans may be due to ROS-mediated apoptotic death. Significance and Impact of the StudyInhibition of Y-H transition of B.poitrasii and C.albicans by PC indicates that it may prove useful in the control of dimorphic human pathogens.

10aApoptosis10aCandida albicans10adimorphism10aphenazines10aPseudomonas sp10areactive oxygen species1 aTupe, S., G.1 aKulkarni, R., R.1 aShirazi, F.1 aSant, D., G.1 aJoshi, Swati, P.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/possible-mechanism-antifungal-phenazine-1-carboxamide-pseudomonas-sp-against-dimorphic-001731nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245009400055210006900149260007100218300001400289490000600303520071400309653002101023653002101044653002801065653001601093653001901109100002701128700001801155700002101173700002501194700002501219700002201244700002601266700002101292856012801313 2015 eng d a1948-587500aSilicon incorporated morpholine antifungals: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation0 aSilicon incorporated morpholine antifungals design synthesis and a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcNOV a1111-11160 v63 a

Known morpholine class antifungals (fenpropimorph, fenpropidin, and amorolfine) were synthetically modified through silicon incorporation to have 15 sila-analogues. Twelve sila-analogues exhibited potent antifungal activity against different human fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus niger. Si la-analogue 24 (fenpropimorph analogue) was the best in our hands, which showed superior fungicidal potential than fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, and amorolfine. The mode of action of sila-analogues was similar to morpholines, i.e., inhibition of sterol reductase and sterol isomerase enzymes of ergosterol synthesis pathway.

10aAntifungal drugs10aCandida albicans10aergosterol biosynthesis10amorpholines10asila-analogues1 aJachak, Gorakhnath, R.1 aRamesh, Remya1 aSant, Duhita, G.1 aJorwekar, Shweta, U.1 aJadhav, Manjusha, R.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aReddy, Srinivasa uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/silicon-incorporated-morpholine-antifungals-design-synthesis-and-biological-evaluation-002896nas a2200313 4500008004100000022001400041245011800055210006900173260010300242300001200345490000700357520176400364653000602128653000602134653002702140653003302167653001502200653001602215653003002231100002602261700002202287700002502309700002102334700002602355700002702381700002402408700002602432856012402458 2015 eng d a0376-469900aSynthesis and antifungal potential of 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole thiol substituted strobilurin derivatives0 aSynthesis and antifungal potential of 123triazole and 124triazol aANUSANDHAN BHAWAN, 2 RAFI MARG, NEW DELHI, 110001, INDIAbCOUNCIL SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL REScJUL a908-9170 v543 a

beta-Methoxyacrylate group is an important pharmacophore of commercially used strobilurin fungicides. In the present study, a total of seventeen 1,2,4-triazole thiols 8a-h and 1,2,3-triazole substituted 10a-i strobilurin derivatives have been synthesized. 1,2,4-Triazole thiol substituted strobilurin derivatives 8a-h have been found to inhibit the growth of plant pathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum, Magnaporthe grisea, Drechslera oryzae and human pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus and different strains of Cryptococcus neoformans, with MIC in the range of 16-256 mu g/mL. In case of Candida albicans tested strain, the MIC is > 256 mu g/mL. p-Chlorophenyl substituted 1,2,4-triazole thiol strobiulrin derivative 8e is the most potent inhibitor with MIC of 16-64 mu g/mL against most of the tested pathogens. Antifungal action of the compounds is due to inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. In the resazurin reduction assay, EC50 for inhibition of RZ reduction in D. oryzae by azoxystrobin and 8e are 3.42 +/- 0.03 mu g/mL and 3.63 +/- 0.21 mu g/mL, respectively; while in case of C. neoformans, EC50,, of azoxystrobin and 8e are between 0.65-0.85 mu g/mL. In a non-pathogenic model Benjaminiella poitrasii, though the MIC for all the synthesized compounds 8a-h and 10a-i are > 256 mu g/ml, yeast to hypha transition is inhibited in the range of 21-75% at 4 mu g/mL concentration while EC50 for inhibition of RZ reduction by azoxystrobin and 8e are 31.5 +/- 0.4 mu g/mL and 17.95 +/- 0.7 mu g/mL, respectively. The 50% germ tube formation inhibition in case of C. albicans is observed at 108.49 mu g/mL. 1,2,4-Triazole thiol substituted strobilurin derivatives hold promise for the control of pathogenic fungi in agriculture and health care.

10a110a210a3-triazole strobilurin10a4-triazole thiol strobilurin10aantifungal10aStrobilurin10aY-H transition inhibition1 aChaudhary, Preeti, M.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aJorwekar, Shweta, U.1 aSant, Duhita, G.1 aDeshpande, Sunita, R.1 aMaybhate, Shailaja, P.1 aLikhite, Anjali, P.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-antifungal-potential-123-triazole-and-124-triazole-thiol-substituted-001013nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001400041245010500055210006900160260007200229300001000301490000600311520028700317100002400604700002200628700002600650700002400676856013100700 2016 eng d a2052-412900aCu-catalyzed sequential C-N bond formations: expeditious synthesis of tetracyclic indoloindol-3-ones0 aCucatalyzed sequential CN bond formations expeditious synthesis  aPO BOX 1-18, NANKANG, TAIPEI 115, TAIWANbCHINESE CHEMICAL SOCcNOV a43-460 v33 a

The tetracyclic indoloindol-3-one core has been forged from easily accessible 2,2'-bis-bromochalcones employing a reaction cascade comprising Cu-catalyzed SNAr with azide; nitrene C-H insertion and intramolecular Ullmann reaction with all three C-N bond formations in one-go.

1 aKulkarni, Anand, M.1 aSrinivas, Kolluru1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aRamana, Chepuri, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/cu-catalyzed-sequential-c-n-bond-formations-expeditious-synthesis-tetracyclic-indoloindol-001584nas a2200169 4500008004100000245007000041210006900111260000800180300001400188490000800202520101100210100001701221700002501238700002401263700002601287856010101313 2016 eng d00aFungal cell membrane-promising drug target for antifungal therapy0 aFungal cell membranepromising drug target for antifungal therapy cDEC a1498-15100 v1213 aIncrease in invasive fungal infections over the past few years especially in immunocompromised patients prompted the search for new antifungal agents with improved efficacy. Current antifungal armoury includes very few effective drugs like Amphotericin B; new generation azoles, including voriconazole and posaconazole; echinocandins like caspofungin and micafungin to name a few. Azole class of antifungals which target the fungal cell membrane are the first choice of treatment for many years because of their effectiveness. As the fungal cell membrane is predominantly made up of sterols, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids, the role of lipids in pathogenesis and target identification for improved therapeutics were largely pursued by researchers during the last few years. Present review focuses on cell membrane as an antifungal target with emphasis on membrane biogenesis, structure and function of cell membrane, cell membrane inhibitors, screening assays, recent advances and future prospects.1 aSant, D., G.1 aTupe, Santosh, Genba1 aRamana, Chepuri, V.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/fungal-cell-membrane-promising-drug-target-antifungal-therapy01790nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245011400055210006900169260011000238300001600348490000600364520091400370100001901284700002501303700002101328700002501349700002201374700002601396700002401422856012601446 2016 eng d a2046-206900aRe-engineering of PIP3-antagonist triazole PITENIN's chemical scaffold: development of novel antifungal leads0 aReengineering of PIP3antagonist triazole PITENINs chemical scaff aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJAN a11691-117010 v63 a

A novel 4-(1-phenyl-1-hydroxyethyl)-1-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole was designed by integrating the structural features of triazole PITENIN anticancer agents and the azole class of antifungal drugs. A two-step protocol comprising the Barbier propargylation and Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition was established to synthesise a diverse set of compounds of this class. Their screening against a wide range of human fungal pathogens led to identification of several potential antifungal hits and some of them displayed better antifungal activity than fluconazole against Candida glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. Mode of action studies revealed that their antifungal activity was resulting either from the inhibition of lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase enzyme (leading to ergosterol depletion) or by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

1 aPulya, Sravani1 aKommagalla, Yadagiri1 aSant, Duhita, G.1 aJorwekar, Shweta, U.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aRamana, Chepuri, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/re-engineering-pip3-antagonist-triazole-pitenins-chemical-scaffold-development-novel-000488nas a2200133 4500008004100000022001400041245004100055210003800096260010200134300000800236490000800244100002600252856007600278 2016 eng d a0011-389100aVenkataraman Jagannathan (1921-2015)0 aVenkataraman Jagannathan 19212015 aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJAN a2630 v1101 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/venkataraman-jagannathan-1921-2015-002060nas a2200145 4500008004100000245010000041210006900141260000800210300002700218520148200245100002201727700002101749700002601770856011801796 2017 eng d00aDevelopment of metarhizium anisopliae as a mycoinsecticide: from isolation to field performance0 aDevelopment of metarhizium anisopliae as a mycoinsecticide from  cJUL aArticle Number: e552723 aA major concern when developing commercial mycoinsecticides is the kill speed compared to that of chemical insecticides. Therefore, isolation and screening for the selection of a fast-acting, highly virulent entomopathogenic fungus are important steps. Entomopathogenic fungi, such as Metarhizium, Beauveria, and Nomurea, which act by contact, are better suited than Bacillus thuringiensis or nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV), which must be ingested by the insect pest. In the present work, we isolated 68 Metarhizium strains from infected insects using a soil dilution and bait method. The isolates were identified by the amplification and sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 26S rDNA region. The most virulent strain of Metarhizium anisopliae was selected based on the median lethal concentration (LC50) and time (LT50) obtained in insect bioassays against III-instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera. The mass production of spores by the selected strain was carried out with solid-state fermentation (SSF) using rice as a substrate for 14 days. Spores were extracted from the sporulated biomass using 0.1% tween-80, and different formulations of the spores were prepared. Field trials of the formulations for the control of an H. armigera infestation in pigeon peas were carried out by randomized block design. The infestation control levels obtained with oil and aqueous formulations (78.0% and 70.9%, respectively) were better than the 63.4% obtained with chemical pesticide.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aPathan, Ejaj, K.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/development-metarhizium-anisopliae-mycoinsecticide-isolation-field-performance01783nas a2200217 4500008004100000245012500041210006900166260000800235300001200243490000700255520097800262100001701240700002101257700001301278700002201291700002601313700004301339700002501382700002601407856013201433 2017 eng d00aOptimization for the production of mycelial biomass from Benjaminiella poitrasii to isolate highly deacetylated chitosan0 aOptimization for the production of mycelial biomass from Benjami cMAR a145-1560 v343 a

Benjaminiella poitrasii, a dimorphic zygomycetous fungus contains more chitosan in the mycelial cell wall than the cell wall of its yeast form. The optimized medium containing yeast extract, peptone, MgSO4, KH2PO4, trace metals (Fe2+, Mn2+ Zn2+ and Co2+ ) solution and 1% starch produced 10-12 g/L(dry wt.) of mycelial biomass in 48 h in a 2L fermenter. Using 1N NaOH treatment from 1 g of dried biomass 51.00 ± 0.52 mg of chitosan of 42.82 KDa molecular weight and 94.24 % degree of deacetylation was extracted. With Metarhizium anisopliae chitin deacetylase (CDA), chitosan yield was 59.00 ± 0.84 mg while treatment with CDA of B. poitrasii it was 78.05 ± 0.58 mg/g of dry wt. of biomass. The chitosan dissolved in 2% acetic acid showed higher antifungal activity against Candida albicans (MIC90 0.025 mg/mL) and Candida glabrata (MIC90 0.2 mg/mL) than chitosan extracted from marine source (MIC90 >1.6 mg/mL) suggesting use of fungal chitosan in healthcare.

1 aMane, S., R.1 aPathan, Ejaj, K.1 aKale, D.1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aGadre, Ramchandra, V.1 aRajamohanan, Pattuparambil, Ramanpilla1 aBadiger, Manohar, V.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/optimization-production-mycelial-biomass-benjaminiella-poitrasii-isolate-highly-deacetylated01571nas a2200337 4500008004100000022001400041245013500055210006900190260000800259490000700267520044100274653001200715653001600727653001700743653002000760653001600780653001400796653004100810653001700851653001600868653002500884653001100909653002400920653003700944653002900981100002801010700002601038700002601064700002401090856011901114 2017 eng d a0039-788100aPhenol oxidative dearomatization of modified nucleoside templates: a simple access to the c7-spiroannulated octosyl acid framework0 aPhenol oxidative dearomatization of modified nucleoside template cSEP0 v493 a

Phenol oxidative dearomatization and cyclization has been executed successfully on nucleoside templates to synthesize C7-spiroannulated perhydrofuropyran nucleosides and C6-spiroannulated perhydrofurofuran nucleosides as novel analogues of octosyl acid and related peptidyl nucleosides.

10aAnalogs10aantibiotics10aBiosynthesis10aChitin synthase10aDerivatives10aEzomycins10aGlucose Diacetonide Natural-products10aGriseofulvin10aMalayamycin10aModified nucleosides10aMoiety10aPeptidyl Glycosides10aPhenol Oxidative Dearomatization10aVorbruggen Glycosylation1 aMullapudi, Venkannababu1 aBhogade, Ravindra, B.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aRamana, Chepuri, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/phenol-oxidative-dearomatization-modified-nucleoside-templates-simple-access-c702010nas a2200157 4500008004100000245016400041210006900205260000800274300002900282490000700311520133300318100002101651700002201672700002601694856013201720 2017 eng d00aSelection of reference genes for quantitative real-time RT-PCR assays in different morphological forms of dimorphic zygomycetous fungus Benjaminiella poitrasii0 aSelection of reference genes for quantitative realtime RTPCR ass cJUN aArticle Number: e01794540 v123 a

Benjaminiella poitrasii, a dimorphic non-pathogenic zygomycetous fungus, exhibits a morphological yeast (Y) to hypha (H) reversible transition in the vegetative phase, sporangiospores (S) in the asexual phase and zygospores (Z) in the sexual phase. To study the gene expression across these diverse morphological forms, suitable reference genes are required. In the present study, 13 genes viz. ACT, 18S rRNA, eEF1a, eEF-Tu, eIF-1A, Tuba, Tub-b, Ubc, GAPDH, Try, WS-21, NADGDH and NADPGDH were evaluated for their potential as a reference, particularly for studying gene expression during the Y-H reversible transition and also for other asexual and sexual life stages of B. poitrasii. Analysis of RT-qPCR data using geNorm, normFinder and BestKeeper software revealed that genes such as Ubc, 18S rRNA and WS-21 were expressed at constant levels in each given subset of RNA samples from all the morphological phases of B. poitrasii. Therefore, these reference genes can be used to elucidate the role of morpho-genes in B. poitrasii. Further, use of the two most stably expressed genes (Ubc and WS-21) to normalize the expression of the ornithine decarboxylase gene (Bpodc) in different morphological forms of B. poitrasii, generated more reliable results, indicating that our selection of reference genes was appropriate.

1 aPathan, Ejaj, K.1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/selection-reference-genes-quantitative-real-time-rt-pcr-assays-different-morphological-forms02332nas a2200241 4500008004100000245010600041210007000147260000800217300001200225490000700237520147700244100002401721700002401745700002901769700002101798700002201819700002601841700002301867700002301890700001901913700002201932856013601954 2017 eng d00aSynthesis and biological evaluation of new fluconazole β-lactam conjugates linked via 1,2,3-triazole0 aSynthesis and biological evaluation of new fluconazole βlactam c cFEB a470-4790 v413 a

Novel 1,2,3-triazole-linked β-lactam–fluconazole conjugates 12(a–l) were designed and synthesized. The compounds showed potent antifungal activity against two pathogenic Candida strains; Candida albicans ATCC 24433 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 with MIC values in the range of 0.0625–2 μg mL−1. Compounds 12h, 12j and 12k showed promising antifungal activity against all the tested fungal pathogens except C. neoformans ATCC 34554 compared to fluconazole. Compound 12j in which the β-lactam ring was formed using para-anisidine and benzaldehyde was found to be more potent than fluconazole against all the fungal strains with an IC50 value of <0.015 μg mL−1 for Candida albicans (ATCC 24433). Mechanistic studies for active compounds revealed that the antifungal action was due to ergosterol inhibition. Compounds 12h and 12j at a concentration of 0.125 μg mL−1 caused 91.5 and 96.8% ergosterol depletion, respectively, compared to fluconazole which at the same concentration caused 49% ergosterol depletion. The molecular docking study revealed that all the fluconazole β-lactam conjugates 12(a–l) could snugly fit into the active site of lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) with varying degrees of affinities. As anticipated, the binding energy for compound 12j (−58.961 kcal mol−1) was much smaller than that for fluconazole (−52.92 kcal mol−1). The synthesized compounds have therapeutic potential for the control of candidemia.

1 aDivse, Jaisingh, M.1 aMhaske, Santosh, B.1 aCharolkar, Chaitanya, R.1 aSant, Duhita, G.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aKhedkar, Vijay, M.1 aNawale, Laxman, U.1 aSarkar, Dhiman1 aPore, Vandana, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-biological-evaluation-new-fluconazole-%CE%B2-lactam-conjugates-linked-123-triazole01587nas a2200205 4500008004100000245012700041210006900168260000800237300001200245490000700257520081800264100003001082700002401112700002201136700002601158700002301184700002101207700002601228856012701254 2018 eng d00aFacile and solvent-free domino synthesis of new quinolidinyl-2,4-thiazolidinones: antifungal activityand molecular docking0 aFacile and solventfree domino synthesis of new quinolidinyl24thi cJAN a622-6300 v183 aObjective: We have synthesized new quinolidinyl-thiazolidinones via Knoevenagel condensation-alkylation reaction, catalyzed by [Et3NH][HSO4]. The present approach offers several advantages such as higher yields, eco-friendly reaction condition and economic availability of the catalyst. Method: The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against six fungal strains. Some of the synthesized conjugates displayed good to moderate antifungal activity. Conclusion: Again, the molecular docking study performed against the fungal sterol 14 alpha-demethylase (CYP51) showed an excellent binding affinity towards the enzyme which could rationalize the promising antifungal activity portrayed by these derivatives and provides a platform for structure based drug design.1 aSubhedar, Dnyaneshwar, D.1 aShaikh, Mubarak, H.1 aTupe, Santosh, G.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aKhedkar, Vijay, M.1 aJha, Prakash, C.1 aShingate, Bapurao, B. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/facile-and-solvent-free-domino-synthesis-new-quinolidinyl-24-thiazolidinones-antifungal01639nas a2200157 4500008004100000245006100041210006100102260001300163300001000176520111400186100002101300700002201321700002201343700002601365856009001391 2019 eng d00aBiochemical and molecular aspects of dimorphism in fungi0 aBiochemical and molecular aspects of dimorphism in fungi bSpringer a69-943 aMost of the eukaryotic differentiation processes are unidirectional. However, fungi have the ability to grow reversibly as unicellular yeast (Y) or as filamentous hypha (H) in response to the specific strain-dependent environmental stimuli. Such a phenomenon known as “dimorphism” is not limited to a specific class of fungi. Most of the plant, human, and insect pathogenic fungi show Y-H and reversible morphogenesis, associated with their saprophytic to pathogenic change, for survival and proliferation in the host. In this chapter, we have described the factors stimulating dimorphism, the signal transduction pathways induced by these stimuli, changes in the gene/protein expression patterns due to a cascade of these signals, and, finally, translation of this genotypic effect into phenotypic change, i.e., the morphological outcome. The process of fungal differentiation and formation of tumor cells follow the same regulatory series of events, involving cAMP, MAP, and RAS kinase cascades. Therefore, the molecules inhibiting Y-H transition in fungi can be explored for their anticancer potential.1 aPathan, Ejaj, K.1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aPanmei, Redeemson1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biochemical-and-molecular-aspects-dimorphism-fungi02431nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245015100055210006900206260000800275300001100283490000700294520142900301653002801730653002101758653003301779653001501812653002301827653003701850653002701887100002101914700002201935700002301957700002101980700002602001856012602027 2019 eng d a1567-135600aMolecular studies of NAD- and NADP-glutamate dehydrogenases decipher the conundrum of yeast-hypha dimorphism in zygomycete Benjaminiella poitrasii0 aMolecular studies of NAD and NADPglutamate dehydrogenases deciph cDEC afoz0740 v193 a

Benjaminiella poitrasii, a zygomycete, shows glucose- and temperature-dependent yeast (Y)-hypha (H) dimorphic transition. Earlier, we reported the biochemical correlation of relative proportion of NAD- and NADP-glutamate dehydrogenases (GDHs) with Y-H transition. Further, we observed the presence of one NAD-GDH and two form-specific NADP-GDH isoenzymes in B. poitrasii. However, molecular studies are necessary to elucidate the explicit role of GDHs in regulating Y-H reversible transition. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of one NAD (BpNADGDH, 2.643 kb) and two separate genes, BpNADPGDH I (Y-form specific, 1.365 kb) and BpNADPGDH II (H-form specific, 1.368 kb) coding for NADP-GDH isoenzymes in B. poitrasii. The transcriptional profiling during Y-H transition showed higher BpNADPGDH I expression in Y cells while expression of BpNADPGDH II was higher in H cells. Moreover, the yeast-form monomorphic mutant (Y-5) did not show BpNADPGDH II expression under normal dimorphism triggering conditions. Transformation with H-form specific BpNADPGDH II induced the germ tube formation in Y-5, which confirmed the cause-effect relationship between BpNADPGDH genes and morphological outcome in B. poitrasii. Interestingly, expression of H-form specific BpNADPGDH II also induced germ tube formation in human pathogenic, non-dimorphic yeast Candida glabrata, which further corroborated our findings.

10aBenjaminiella poitrasii10aCandida glabrata10adifferential gene expression10adimorphism10amonomorphic mutant10aNAD/NADP-glutamate dehydrogenase10ayeast-hypha transition1 aPathan, Ejaj, K.1 aGhormade, Vandana1 aPanwar, Sneh, Lata1 aPrasad, Rajendra1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/molecular-studies-nad-and-nadp-glutamate-dehydrogenases-decipher-conundrum-yeast-hypha01386nas a2200121 4500008004100000245007300041210006900114260001300183300001000196520093100206100002601137856010101163 2019 eng d00aNanobiopesticide perspectives for protection and nutrition of plants0 aNanobiopesticide perspectives for protection and nutrition of pl bElsevier a47-683 aPresently, the actual utilization of pesticides on the target is < 0.1% due to spray drift, rainwater leaching, etc., which makes pesticide usage inefficient. Therefore, in the agriculture scenario, the use of nanobiopesticides for ease of application, targeted delivery and a reduction in the load of pesticides, and protection of microbial diversity is holding significant promise. The nanomaterials in sensors and biosensors help in miniaturization, the real-time measurement of more variables present in low quantities, and early detection of pests and pathogens. The metal and metal oxide nanoparticles play significant roles in biopesticide degradation. However, one has to address issues related to associated risks to crop health, soil microbial diversity, and mankind due to such nano-based products. Accordingly, formulation of regulatory guidelines for their use also becomes an important component of the strategy.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/nanobiopesticide-perspectives-protection-and-nutrition-plants02402nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245011800055210006900173260000800242300001200250490000700262520150500269653002001774653001501794653001401809653001901823653002501842653002901867653002601896653001601922653002701938100002101965700002601986856012402012 2019 eng d a0233-111X00aPuzzle of highly virulent Metarhizium anisopliae strains from Annona squamosa fields against Helicoverpa armigera0 aPuzzle of highly virulent Metarhizium anisopliae strains from An cAPR a392-4010 v593 a

In our search for indigenous virulent strains of the entomopathogenic fungi, we observed that Metarhizium isolates from soils associated with Annona squamosa (custard apple) have higher virulence (>90% mortality of Helicoverpa armigera larvae at 1/10(th) spore concentration) than strains isolated from Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) fields. Proteomic analysis revealed two insecticidal cyclopeptides of A. squamosa origin in the M. anisopliae strains that led to higher virulence against H. armigera. Transcriptomic and genomic data indicated that M. anisopliae strains and A. squamosa had more than 20 genes in common, including those for cyclic hexapeptide synthase, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, and plant cyclotide genes, which are involved in the biosynthesis of insecticidal cyclopeptides. These genes were absent in M. anisopliae strains isolated from the S. lycopersicum fields. Further, these strains can establish an endophytic relationship with A. squamosa suggesting that these rhizospheric strains originally could be endophytes, which were eventually released into the soil. Further, Metarhizium strains associated with Capsicum annuum (chili), Azadirachta indica (neem), and Carica papaya (papaya) - plants with insecticidal properties - also had higher virulence against H. armigera. Thus exploration of rhizospheres of plants producing insecticidal metabolites to isolate entomopathogenic fungi, per se, could be a viable strategy in agricultural for crop protection.

10aAnnona squamosa10aBiocontrol10aendophyte10aentomopathogen10aHelicoverpa armigera10ahorizontal gene transfer10ainsecticidal peptides10aMetarhizium10anatural transformation1 aPathan, Ejaj, K.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/puzzle-highly-virulent-metarhizium-anisopliae-strains-annona-squamosa-fields-against03149nas a2200229 4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260000800219300001200227490000700239520235000246100002702596700001602623700002302639700001902662700001902681700001702700700002102717700002602738700002502764856013002789 2024 eng d00aYoga therapy attenuates the progression of diabetes - insights from proteomics and metabolomics analysis0 aYoga therapy attenuates the progression of diabetes insights fro cDEC a163-1740 v173 a

Objective: Diabetes management remains challenging despite advancements in therapeutics, with many subjects developing complications. Yoga has been shown to aid diabetes management. This study investigates the impact of yoga therapy on diabetes progression, utilizing proteomics and metabolomics analyses to explore underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methodology: A 3-month longitudinal study involving healthy subjects with prediabetes and diabetes was conducted. Blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured before and after the yoga intervention.

Results and conclusion: Healthy subjects showed no significant changes in blood glucose, lipid profile, HbA1c, or MDA levels. However, subjects with prediabetes and diabetes experienced positive changes, with decreases in HbA1c and MDA levels. Proteomics and metabolomics analyses provided insights into the molecular mechanisms by which yoga attenuates diabetes progression in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes. This study is a pioneering effort to understand the molecular basis of yoga's beneficial effects on diabetes management.

1 aSonwane, Babasaheb, P.1 aRaut, Pooja1 aChitalkar, Jyotsna1 aGodbole, Smita1 aSabnis, Shanta1 aGupta, Jyoti1 aSanthakumari, B.1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, J. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/yoga-therapy-attenuates-progression-diabetes-insights-proteomics-and-metabolomics-analysis