01680nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008200055210006900137260008700206300001400293490000700307520086000314653002001174653001601194653001001210653002001220100003301240700002401273700001901297700001801316856011601334       2006                        eng d  a0011-389100aDirect somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Garcinia indica Choiss0 aDirect somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Garcinia   aC V RAMAN AVENUE, PO BOX 8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbCURRENT SCIENCE ASSNcOCT  a1074-10780 v913 a<p>Direct somatic embryogenesis without an intervening callus phase was induced from immature seeds of Gar- cinia indica Choiss. Woody plant medium supplemented with 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) (4.44-22.19 mu m) alone or in combination with a-naphthaleneacetic acid (2.69 mu m) produces somatic embryos within a period of 2-3 weeks with 80% frequency. Embryo induction was observed all over the explant surface. Origin of the embryo was confirmed histologically from sub-epidermal layer of the seed. Maturation of these embryos was achieved after 12 weeks of culture on a medium containing BAP (16.08 mu m) in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (2.85-5.71 mu m) and/or kinetin (4.65 mu m). About 75% of the regenerated somatic embryos germinated into complete plantlets. The plantlets were acclimatized successfully with 92% survival in greenhouse.</p>10aGarcinia indica10aguttifereae10aseeds10asomatic embryos1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar1 aDeodhar, Swapna, R.1 aBhosle, S., V.1 aRawal, S., K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/direct-somatic-embryogenesis-and-plant-regeneration-garcinia-indica-choiss-002220nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260008700219300001400306490000700320520133300327653002701660653002501687653002101712653000901733100003301742700001901775700002401794700001801818700002101836856012101857       2006                        eng d  a0011-389100aMicropropagation of Indian laurel (Calophyllum inophyllum), a source of anti-HIV compounds0 aMicropropagation of Indian laurel Calophyllum inophyllum a sourc  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, PO BOX 8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbCURRENT SCIENCE ASSNcMAY  a1393-13970 v903 a<p>An efficient protocol for in vitro micropropagtion of Calophyllum inophyllum (Linn.), an evergreen littoral tree, through multiple shoot formation from seed explants was developed. In vitro germination of the seeds was standardized on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) hormone free and/or supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 2.22 mu M) and on half or full strength MS medium. Multiple shoot formation was achieved on WPM supplemented with BAP (2.22-44.00 mu M) and thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.91-4.54 mu M) from the decapitated seedling explants. The maximum multiple shoots, 20.9 per explant were induced on TDZ (0.91 mu M) after two subcultures. Elongated shoots of size &gt; 4.0 cm were obtained on all media combinations with an average of 2.2-8.7 per explant. Elongation of the stunted shoots induced on BAP and TDZ was done on half strength WPM without any growth hormones. The elongated shoots on half WPM and/or full strength WPM supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (2.46-24.60 mu M) alone or in combination with BAP (2.22 mu M) resulted in 52% rooting with 1-5 roots per rooted plant. The micropropagated plants were acclimatized successfully with 77% survival rate after five weeks. These plants were planted in the institute campus for ex situ conservation, where 72% plants are showing good growth and development.</p>10aCalophyllum inophyllum10aex situ conservation10amicropropagation10aseed1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar1 aBhosle, S., V.1 aDeodhar, Swapna, R.1 aPawar, K., D.1 aKulkarni, D., K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/micropropagation-indian-laurel-calophyllum-inophyllum-source-anti-hiv-compounds-001830nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245008600055210006900141260010200210300001200312490000700324520094700331653002001278653001601298653003001314653001001344653002001354100003301374700002401407700001901431700001801450856012001468       2006                        eng d  a1054-547600aRepetitive somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Garcinia indica Choiss0 aRepetitive somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Garci  aC/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, NOSWORTHY WAY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON, ENGLANDbCABI PUBLISHINGcMAY  a256-2610 v423 a<p>Immature seeds of Garcinia indica Choiss. were excised from immature fruits and cultured on Lloyd and McCown (1980), woody plant medium (WPM) with different combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Somatic embryos were obtained on the media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA; 2.2-22.1 mu M) alone or in combination with alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 2.6 mu M) with 80% frequency within a period of 2-3 wk. Subculture of embryos on medium containing BA (16.0 mu M) supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; 2.8-5.7 mu M) and/or kinetin (4.6 mu M) gave rise to clusters of secondary somatic embryos along with maturation of primary embryos. In subsequent subculture on hormone-free half-strength WPM, the embryo clusters germinated with an increase in the number of secondary somatic embryos. About 70% of somatic embryos germinated into complete plantlets, which were successfully established under greenhouse conditions.</p>10aGarcinia indica10aguttifereae10asecondary somatic embryos10aseeds10asomatic embryos1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar1 aDeodhar, Swapna, R.1 aBhosle, S., V.1 aRawal, S., K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/repetitive-somatic-embryogenesis-and-plant-regeneration-garcinia-indica-choiss-001611nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245007600055210006900131260008900200300001200289490000700301520081500308653002001123653001601143653001801159653001001177653001101187100002401198700002101222700003301243856010501276       2008                        eng d  a0019-518900aDe novo shoot regeneration from root cultures of garcinia indica choiss0 aDe novo shoot regeneration from root cultures of garcinia indica  aDR K S KRISHNAN MARG, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIAbNATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONcJUN  a482-4860 v463 a<p>Roots of plantlets of Garcinia indica when cultured for long time on half strength MS medium supplemented with BAP (0.44-2.22 mu M) showed production of de novo shoots. Roots attached to mother plant showed more number of shoots, while excised root segments produced lesser shoots. Shoots (0.5-0.8 cm) were transferred to elongation medium consisting of Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with BAP (4.44-22.69 mu M), IAA (5.71 mu M and kinetin (4.65 mu M). It was observed that shoot length increased to 1-2 cm. WPM medium supplemented with NAA (2.69-10.74 mu M) and IBA (4.90 mu M) induced rooting within 20-25 days. Using the present protocol, 20-25 plantlets could be regenerated from single root explant within 3 to 4 months. The protocol has potential for large scale production of elite plants.</p>10aGarcinia indica10aguttifereae10aorganogenesis10aroots10ashoots1 aDeodhar, Swapna, R.1 aThengane, R., J.1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/de-novo-shoot-regeneration-root-cultures-garcinia-indica-choiss-001941nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245014000055210006900195260009900264300001200363490000700375520102200382653002701404653002201431653002301453653000901476653002201485653002301507100002101530700003301551856012701584       2009                        eng d  a1359-511300aInfluence of hormones and medium components on expression of dipyranocoumarins in cell suspension cultures of calophyllum inophyllum L.0 aInfluence of hormones and medium components on expression of dip  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAUG  a916-9220 v443 a<p>Cell suspension cultures were initiated separately from leaf and nodal/internodal calluses for the study of influence of hormones and medium components on biomass growth and expression of dipyranocoumarins. Highest 6.2 times biomass was enhanced in suspension cultures of nodal/internodal callus supplemented with threefold total sulphate. Picloram 8.28 mu M along with BAP 8.88 mu M enhanced 295.05 times inophyllum A in suspension cultures of leaf callus whereas IBA 14.70 mu M along with BAP 4.44 mu M in suspension cultures of leaf callus enhanced 1065 times inophyllum B. IBA 4.90 mu M alone in suspension cultures of nodal/internodal callus enhanced maximum 616 times inophyllum C. Only IBA 9.80 mu M in suspension cultures of leaf callus enhanced 23.22 times inophyllum P. Variation in nitrate and sulphate had maximum positive influence on expression of inophyllums A and C and vitamins had maximum positive influence on expression of inophyllums A, C and B. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCalophyllum inophyllum10adipyranocoumarins10aExpression pattern10aHPLC10aMedium components10aSuspension culture1 aPawar, Kiran, D.1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-hormones-and-medium-components-expression-dipyranocoumarins-cell-suspension-001557nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245012600055210006900181260011700250300001000367490000600377520065400383653002701037653001801064653001701082653003701099653002001136100002301156700003301179856012701212       2010                        eng d  a0973-626300aStudies of antimicrobial activity of turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) leaves and rhizomes collected during plant growth phases0 aStudies of antimicrobial activity of turmeric Curcuma Longa L le  aSECTOR A-80, SCHEME NO 54, VIJAY NAGAR, A B ROAD, INDORE, 452 010 MP, INDIAbRESEARCH JOURNAL BIOTECHNOLOGYcMAY  a24-280 v53 a<p>Turmeric is the processed underground rhizome used as spice, herbal medicines, dying agent and cosmetics. The leaves and rhizomes of this plant were collected at periodic intervals. These samples were air dried, powdered and extracted with MeOH and EtOH. Antibacterial activity of these extracts was determined against three different index microbes, gram-positive cocci, gram-negative rod and cocci using well diffusion method with appropriate controls. Antimicrobial activity of the 4-month-old leaves was found to be the maximum while that of mature and fresh rhizomes was the maximum against both gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.</p>10aantibacterial activity10aCurcuma longa10aLeaf extract10aMinimum inhibitory concentration10arhizome extract1 aShirgurkar, M., V.1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/studies-antimicrobial-activity-turmeric-curcuma-longa-l-leaves-and-rhizomes-collected-002008nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260007400265300001200339490000800351520105100359653002701410653001501437653002201452653000901474653000901483653003301492653002701525100002101552700002101573700003301594856012701627       2011                        eng d  a0378-269700aAssociation between chemical and genetic variation in calophyllum inophyllum, a medicinally important tree of the Western Ghats of India0 aAssociation between chemical and genetic variation in calophyllu  aSACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIAbSPRINGER WIENcAPR  a257-2650 v2923 a<p>The objective of the present work is to study the chemical variation in Calophyllum inophyllum growing along the Western Ghats of India. Contents of dipyranocoumarins (inophyllums) in C. inophyllum were determined to assess whether they could be used as a taxonomic marker for C. inophyllum. This study also aims to establish inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers that can be used to study genetic variation within the species and explore correlation between ISSR and chemical markers. The contents of dipyranocoumarins were estimated in seeds collected from 20 locations. Leaves from plants at the same 20 locations were assayed for ISSR variation. A dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance as well as principal component analysis based on dipyranocoumarins and ISSR variation clustered plants from these 20 locations into three groups that indicated close relationship among ISSR, dipyranocoumarins contents, and geographical position (variation) of locations. Based on this study, two locations of elite plants were identified.</p>10aCalophyllum inophyllum10aDendrogram10adipyranocoumarins10aHPLC10aISSR10aPrincipal component analysis10aWestern Ghats of India1 aPawar, Kiran, D.1 aJoshi, Swati, P.1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/association-between-chemical-and-genetic-variation-calophyllum-inophyllum-medicinally-002093nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260008000248300001400328490000700342520122700349653002401576653002701600653002201627653001701649653002301666100002101689700003301710856013201743       2011                        eng d  a0137-588100aInfluence of abiotic elicitation on production of dipyranocoumarins in suspension cultures of calophyllum inophyllum L.0 aInfluence of abiotic elicitation on production of dipyranocoumar  aTIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANYbSPRINGER HEIDELBERGcNOV  a2149-21580 v333 a<p>Effects of elicitation with heavy metals such as copper, cadmium, chromium (abiotic elicitation) and supplementation of CaCl(2) on production of dipyranocoumarins (inophyllums) in suspension cultures of leaf and stem callus of Calophyllum inophyllum were studied. The optimum timing for elicitor introduction was found to be the 10th day after initiating the suspension cultures. Cadmium as abiotic elicitor in suspension cultures of stem callus was found best to elicit maximum production of inophyllums A, C, and calophyllolide while cadmium in suspension cultures of leaf callus was found best for eliciting maximum production of inophyllums B and P. Inophyllum D was the only dipyranocoumarin whose highest production was achieved when 1.0 mM chromium was used as abiotic elicitor in suspension cultures of stem callus. Out of the three abiotic elicitors used, none could result biomass growth. Only incorporation of CaCl(2) in suspension cultures resulted biomass growth. A maximum of 35.26-fold biomass growth was achieved when suspension cultures of stem callus were incorporated with 2.0 mM CaCl(2). CaCl(2) was noted to have no positive influence on production of most of the dipyranocoumarins under study.</p>10aAbiotic elicitation10aCalophyllum inophyllum10adipyranocoumarins10aHeavy metals10aSuspension culture1 aPawar, Kiran, D.1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-abiotic-elicitation-production-dipyranocoumarins-suspension-cultures-calophyllum-002536nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245012700055210006900182260007400251300001200325490000800337520161800345653002301963653002701986653002102013653001502034653002402049100002102073700002002094700002402114700003302138856012302171       2011                        eng d  a0167-685700aInfluence of endophytic fungal elicitation on production of inophyllum in suspension cultures of Calophyllum inophyllum L.0 aInfluence of endophytic fungal elicitation on production of inop  aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcAUG  a345-3520 v1063 a<p>The influence of dried cell powder and culture filtrates of endophytic fungi on production of inophyllum in cell suspension cultures of leaf- and stem-derived callus of Calophyllum inophyllum was investigated. Two fungi, Nigrospora sphaerica and Phoma spp., endophytic to C. inophyllum, were isolated from leaf tissues, and were identified by both 18S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. Elicitation of suspension cultures of both callus types of C. inophyllum with dried cell powder and culture filtrates of both fungi consistently elicited production of inophyllum A, B, C, and P. In comparison to stem-derived callus, suspension cultures of leaf-derived callus enhanced production of most inophyllum. Of the four inophyllum studied, the highest production of inophyllum A, C, and P was achieved in elicited suspension cultures of leaf-derived callus. Suspension cultures of stem-derived callus enhanced production only of inophyllum B. When suspension cultures of leaf-derived callus were elicited with 40 mg dried cell powder of Phoma spp., a level of 751-fold (6.84 mg/100 g elicited biomass) of inophyllum A was produced, compared to control. Whereas, a level of 414-fold (6.22 mg/100 g elicited biomass) of inophyllum B was produced when suspension cultures of stem-derived callus were elicited with 20 mg dried cell powder of N. sphaerica. When compared to control, a 10% culture filtrate of N. sphaerica in suspension cultures of leaf-derived callus elicited inophyllum C and P production by 928-fold (7.43 mg/100 g elicited biomass) and 750-fold (1.5 mg/100 g elicited biomass), respectively.</p>10aBiotic elicitation10aCalophyllum inophyllum10aEndophytic fungi10aInophyllum10aSuspension cultures1 aPawar, Kiran, D.1 aYadav, Amit, V.1 aShouche, Yogesh, S.1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-endophytic-fungal-elicitation-production-inophyllum-suspension-cultures-002260nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245015000055210006900205260007800274300001200352490000700364520144100371100001801812700002001830700002401850700003001874700003301904856012901937       2011                        eng d  a1462-031600aRecurrent somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Angelica glauca Edgew., a critically endangered medicinal plant of the Western Himalaya0 aRecurrent somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Angeli  aINVICTA PRESS, ASHFORD TN24 8HH, KENT, ENGLANDbHEADLEY BROTHERS LTDcSEP  a493-4980 v863 a<p>Secondary somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from seedling explants of Angelica glauca, an endangered medicinal plant of the Himalaya, is reported for the first time. Callus was obtained from all the explants tested in the present study (i.e., epicotyls, hypocotyls, and cotyledonary nodes). The highest frequency of callus formation (95.8%) was observed using epicotyl explants on 4.0 mu M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), whereas 70.8% of hypocotyl explants, and 58.3% of cotyledonary nodes produced callus. One-hundred percent embryogenic callus was induced from epicotyl explants in 2.0 mu M 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 2.0 mu M alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), together with the maximum number of somatic embryos (34.2 embryos per explant). Cotyledonary nodes did not produce somatic embryos. Histological studies confirmed the induction of somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryos germinated into plantlets upon transfer to half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without added plant growth regulators. We observed 85% survival of these plantlets under field conditions. The development of secondary embryos was also observed when primary embryos were sub-cultured on full-strength MS medium containing 2.0 mu M NAA plus 2.0 mu M BA. This system of recurrent somatic embryogenesis provides a route for gene transfer and also for the large-scale production of this critically endangered medicinal plant.</p>1 aPandey, Meena1 aDhar, Uppeandra1 aSamant, Sher, Singh1 aShirgurkar, Mrudul, Vijay1 aThengane, Shubhada, Ratnakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/recurrent-somatic-embryogenesis-and-plant-regeneration-angelica-glauca-edgew-critically-0