01676nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245013400055210006900189260007100258300001400329490000600343520068500349653002801034653001801062653001201080653001501092653003101107100002901138700002401167700002001191700002301211700002301234700002201257856013101279 2014 eng d a2168-048500aOne-pot synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by cellulose hydrolysis over highly active bimodal micro/mesoporous H-ZSM-5 catalyst0 aOnepot synthesis of 5hydroxymethylfurfural by cellulose hydrolys a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJUL a1928-19320 v23 a

Direct synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), a useful renewable biofuel and biochemical, was systematically studied by hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose over Bimodal-HZ-5 zeolite. Bimodal-HZ-5 zeolite obtained by post-synthesis modification of H-ZSM-5 with desilication was found to be a potential heterogeneous catalyst with 67% cellulose conversion and 46% yield of 5-HMF. Bimodal-HZ-5 was observed to be reusable for four cycles, without any loss in activity. The detailed optimization of process parameters and catalyst reusability are also presented. The present study opens a new avenue for the renewable one-pot synthesis of 5-HMF, a valuable product.

10a5-Hydroxymethylfurfural10aBiomodal-HZ-510aglucose10aHydrolysis10aMicrocrystalline cellulose1 aNandiwale, Kakasaheb, Y.1 aGalande, Nitish, D.1 aThakur, Pratika1 aSawant, Sanjay, D.1 aZambre, Vishal, P.1 aBokade, Vijay, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/one-pot-synthesis-5-hydroxymethylfurfural-cellulose-hydrolysis-over-highly-active-bimodal-002265nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245013100055210006900186260011000255300001600365490000600381520150500387100002901892700002301921700002201944856012901966 2015 eng d a2046-206900aOne step synthesis of ethyl levulinate biofuel by ethanolysis of renewable furfuryl alcohol over hierarchical zeolite catalyst0 aOne step synthesis of ethyl levulinate biofuel by ethanolysis of aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcSEP a79224-792310 v53 a

Ethanolysis of renewable furfuryl alcohol (FAL) to ethyl levulinate (EL) biofuel over various zeolites viz. H-ZSM-5 (microporous, medium pore), Hierarchical-HZ-5 (combination of micro-and meso pore), H-Beta (microporous, large pore) and Ultra Stable Y (USY, microporous, large pore) was studied in detail. To the best of our knowledge, probably for the first time, Hierarchical-HZ-5 synthesized by desilication post-treatment has been employed as a heterogeneous catalyst for ethanolysis of FAL. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), temperature programmed NH3 desorption (TPAD), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), etc. Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD) was used to investigate the influence of three crucial process variables of ethanolysis such as ethanol to FAL molar ratio, percent catalyst loading and reaction temperature on EL yield. The optimization tool of design expert software was employed to obtain the optimum reaction parameters for FAL ethanolysis over Hierarchical-HZ-5 catalyst. Three intermediates of FAL ethanolysis reaction such as, ethoxymethylfuran (EMF), 4,5,5-triethoxypentan-2-one and diethyl ether (DEE) have been identified and quantified from the product mixture with the aid of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Hierarchical-HZ-5 was found to be a potential catalyst for ethanolysis of FAL with 73% EL yield and 26% EMF yield at optimized process parameters.

1 aNandiwale, Kakasaheb, Y.1 aPande, Ashwini, M.1 aBokade, Vijay, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/one-step-synthesis-ethyl-levulinate-biofuel-ethanolysis-renewable-furfuryl-alcohol-over-002403nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245017800055210006900233260009500302300001200397490000700409520142700416653003301843653001901876653002201895653002301917653001701940653003301957100002901990700002202019856013202041 2016 eng d a0957-582000aOptimization by box-behnken experimental design fur synthesis of n-hexyl levulinate biolubricant over hierarchical H-ZSM-5: an effort towards agricultural waste minimization0 aOptimization by boxbehnken experimental design fur synthesis of  a165-189 RAILWAY TERRACE, DAVIS BLDG, RUGBY CV21 3HQ, ENGLANDbINST CHEMICAL ENGINEERScJAN a159-1660 v993 a

The present study is devoted to develop efficient catalytic process for conversion of agricultural waste feedstock to value added chemicals. In this context, the n-hexyl levulinate, a renewable biolubricant was synthesized by esterification of biomass derived levulinic acid (LA) with n-hexanol in a closed batch system. Hierarchical-HZ-5 (modified H-ZSM-5) was used as a heterogeneous acid catalyst. There are no reports available on the synthesis of n-hexyl levulinate biolubricant using renewable levulinic acid. The process variables such as catalyst to LA ratio (X-1), n-hexanol to LA molar ratio (X-2), reaction time (X-3) and reaction temperature (X-4) were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), using the Box-Behnken model. Analysis of variance was done to check the suitability and significance of the quadratic model. The yield of n-hexyl levulinate obtained was 97% with 100% selectivity at optimum process parameters. The RSM analysis predicted that catalyst to LA ratio is most significant (value of p < 0.0001) and n-hexanol to LA molar ratio is least significant (value of p = 0.0064) process parameter in esterification. The quadratic model established was revealed to be suitable and statistically precise with correlation value (R-2) of 0.9837 to predict the yield of n-hexyl levulinate. (C) 2015 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aAgricultural waste feedstock10aEsterification10aHierarchical-HZ-510an-Hexyl levulinate10aOptimization10aResponse surface methodology1 aNandiwale, Kakasaheb, Y.1 aBokade, Vijay, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/optimization-box-behnken-experimental-design-fur-synthesis-n-hexyl-levulinate-biolubricant-002265nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200260000900269300001200278490000700290520153100297100002901828700002201857700001801879700002001897700002201917856013201939 2021 eng d a0887-062400aOne-pot cascade conversion of renewable furfural to levulinic acid over a bifunctional H3PW12O40SiO2 catalyst in the absence of external H-20 aOnepot cascade conversion of renewable furfural to levulinic aci cJAN  a539-5450 v353 a

The conversion of biomass-derived furfural (FUR) to levulinic acid (LA), a versatile platform chemical, involves catalytic hydrogenation of FUR followed by acid hydrolysis to LA. However, this two-step process demands expensive separation and purification of the furfuryl alcohol (FAL) intermediate. Herein, we demonstrate an ingenious catalytic strategy for the one-pot cascade conversion of FUR to LA over a bifunctional catalyst without using pure external H-2. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) served a dual role as a hydrogen donor and solvent while inhibiting the side reactions. Catalysts with a tunable surface area and acidity were synthesized by impregnating different percentages of H3PW12O40 (heteropolyacid) over a SiO2 support. The bifunctionality of the H3PW12O40/SiO2 catalyst is ascribed to the mutual coexistence of Lewis and Brvinsted acid sites. The Lewis acid sites imparted by active W metal sites adsorb hydrogen proton for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of FUR to FAL, while the predominant Brvinsted acid sites catalyze the hydrolysis of FAL to LA. Consequently, H3PW12O40/SiO2 revealed to be a potential catalyst producing an similar to 51% LA yield under optimized reaction conditions. Moreover, the catalyst was found to be reusable for three catalytic cycles. This study paves the way to develop future biorefinery, particularly direct conversion of FUR to LA over a bifunctional catalyst with a liquid H-donor, in an environmentally benign manner and comply with the green chemistry principles.

1 aNandiwale, Kakasaheb, Y.1 aVishwakarma, Mona1 aRathod, Simmy1 aSimakova, Irina1 aBokade, Vijay, V. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/one-pot-cascade-conversion-renewable-furfural-levulinic-acid-over-bifunctional-h3pw12o40sio2